416 Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine Apr Vol. 34 No Mirvish 4 N- NAD NAD NAD 40. 9% % NAD Joossen

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1 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 邹文斌, 吴浩综述, 蔡全才, 李兆申审校 : 胃癌 ; 危险因素 ; 病因 ; 流行病学 Keywords: gastric cancer; risk; etiology; epidemiologoy R573 A 1600 Ebers Papyrus 100 Galen 1835 Cruveilhier cm C HR > 16 g /d ~ ~ C 3 mg /d ~ 0. 8 C 4 mg /d ~ 0. 6 > ~ > 60 g /d ~ zhaoshenli@ hotmail. com 1. 1

2 416 Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine Apr Vol. 34 No Mirvish 4 N- NAD NAD NAD 40. 9% % NAD Joossen Shikata g OR ~ 5 1 hazard ratio HR % 2003 Meta Zhou odds ratio OR g 1 OR Zhang Boeing 28 OR Meta 10 g 44% 1. 3 C C C C 27. 3% 22. 3% You % 3. 8% 30. 9% 1 C 3 mg 4 mg risk ratio RR C Ma Meta 15 RR C HR NaNO N Koizumi RR

3 % TNF COX % 33 IL-1b 35 GST T1 M1 GST Genome-Wide Association Study GWAS Meta RR > 4 /d Duell 37 GWAS 8q24 SNPrs g /d HR Abnet 49 GWAS 10q23 OR SNP rs Logistic > 500 g Single Nucleotide Polymor- phisms SNPs Heli cobacter Pylori Hp WHO 40 Ⅰ Hp Es- 16q22 lick 51 meta Hp CDH1 E- 2 Uemura Hp 2. 9% Hp 90% Hp % 41 Lynch Hp Li Fraumeni % SNPs p q CagA Hp 53 Hp CDH1 CagA VacA OMP CagA TFF2 HER2 VEGF p16 TP53 Runx3 cag-pai Ⅳ VacA vac DNA vac s1 s2 m1 m2 s1 /m1 2 TFF2 Hp s1 m1 m2 TFF2 TFF OMP HER2 VEGF OMP OipA BabA SabA Al- pab 54 Runx3 Hp 46 PG Runx3 PG Hp PG

4 418 Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine Apr Vol. 34 No Hp PG Hp PG Ⅰ PGI /PGⅡ Hp H + -Na + PGI /PGⅡ % 54 69% 69% % Hp TNF-α Hp Takaishi 66 TNF-α Epstein-Barr EBV meta EBV CD44 CD % McCredie Hp 1 2 Hp % C 59% 57% Hp 5 1 Santoro E. The history of gastric cancer legends and chronicles J. 63 Gastric Cancer Boyle P Levin B. World Cancer Report 2008 M. Lyon IARC Takahashi M Hasegawa R. Enhancing effects of dietary salt on both initiation and promotion stages of rat gastric carcinogenesis J % % % 64 Princess Takamatsu Symp Mirvish SS. The etiology of gastric cancer. Intragastric nitrosamide formation and other theories J. J Natl Cancer Inst % % 5. N % J % 6 Joossens JV Hill MJ Elliott P et al. Dietary salt nitrate and stomach cancer mortality in 24 countries. European Cancer Prevention 30. 5% ECP and the INTERSALT Cooperative Research Group J. Int J Epidemiol Shikata K Kiyohara Y Kubo M et al. A prospective study of dietary

5 salt intake and gastric cancer incidence in a defined Japanese population the Hisayama study J. Int J Cancer Tsugane S. Salt salted food intake and risk of gastric cancer epidemiologic evidence J. Cancer Sci Steevens J Schouten LJ Goldbohm RA et al. Vegetables and fruits J ~ J Park B Shin A Park SK et al. Ecological study for refrigerator use salt vegetable and fruit intakes and gastric cancer J. Canc- consumption and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in er Causes Control the Netherlands Cohort Study J. Int J Cancer Boeing H. Epidemiological research in stomach cancer progress o ver the last ten years J. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol Larsson SC Bergkvist L Wolk A. Fruit and vegetable consumption and incidence of gastric cancer a prospective study J. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev J Riboli E Norat T. Epidemiologic evidence of the protective effect of 30 Ladeiras-Lopes R Pereira AK Nogueira A et al. Smoking and gastric cancer systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies fruit and vegetables on cancer risk J. Am J Clin Nutr Suppl 559S - 569S. J. Cancer Causes Control Gonzalez CA Pera G Agudo A et al. Smoking and the risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into J Cancer 13 Zhou Y Zhuang W Hu W et al. Consumption of large amounts of Allium vegetables reduces risk for gastric cancer in a meta-analysis J. Gastroenterology Zhang Z Xu G Ma M et al. Dietary fiber intake reduces risk for gastric cancer a meta-analysis J. Gastroenterology e3. 15 Tsugane S Sasazuki S. Diet and the risk of gastric cancer review of epidemiological evidence J. Gastric Cancer You WC Blot WJ Chang YS et al. Diet and high risk of stomach cancer in Shandong China J. Cancer Res Plummer M Vivas J Lopez G et al. Chemoprevention of precancerous gastric lesions with antioxidant vitamin supplementation a randomized trial in a high-risk population J. J Natl Cancer Inst You WC Brown LM Zhang L et al. Randomized double-blind factorial trial of three treatments to reduce the prevalence of precancerous gastric lesions J. J Natl Cancer Inst Ma JL Zhang L Brown LM et al. Fifteen-year effects of Helicobacter pylori garlic and vitamin treatments on gastric cancer incidence and mortality J. J Natl Cancer Inst Watabe K Nishi M Miyake H et al. Lifestyle and gastric cancer a case-control study J. Oncol Rep J J Meta J TNF-α D and Nutrition EPIC J. Int J Cancer Koizumi Y Tsubono Y Nakaya N et al. Cigarette smoking and the risk of gastric cancer a pooled analysis of two prospective studies in Japan J. Int J Cancer Smyth EC Capanu M Janjigian YY et al. Tobacco use is associated with increased recurrence and death from gastric cancer J. Ann Surg Oncol M Toshiro T. T1 M1 J Tramacere I Negri E Pelucchi C et al. A meta-analysis on alcohol drinking and gastric cancer risk J. Ann Oncol Duell EJ Travier N Lujan-Barroso L et al. Alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition EPIC cohort J. Am J Clin Nutr Guilford P Hopkins J Harraway J et al. E-cadherin germline mutations in familial gastric cancer J. Nature Fitzgerald RC Hardwick R Huntsman D et al. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer updated consensus guidelines for clinical management and directions for future research J. J Med Genet Fitzgerald RC Caldas C. Clinical implications of E-cadherin asso-. ciated hereditary diffuse gastric cancer J. Gut Lynch HT Grady W Suriano G et al. Gastric cancer new genetic developments J. J Surg Oncol discussion Capelle LG Van Grieken NC Lingsma HF et al. Risk and epide-. miological time trends of gastric cancer in Lynch syndrome carriers

6 420 Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine Apr Vol. 34 No. 4 in the Netherlands J. Gastroenterology Offerhaus GJ Giardiello FM Krush AJ et al. The risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer in familial adenomatous polyposis J. Gastroenterology Oliveira C Ferreira P Nabais S et al. E-Cadherin CDH1 and p53 rather than SMAD4 and Caspase-10 germline mutations contribute to genetic predisposition in Portuguese gastric cancer patients J. European journal of cancer Kim H Eun JW Lee H et al. Gene expression changes in patientmatched gastric normal mucosa adenomas and carcinomas J. Experimental and molecular pathology Correia M Machado JC Ristimaki A. Basic aspects of gastric cancer J. Helicobacter Suppl McMichael AJ McCall MG Hartshorne JM et al. Patterns of gastro-intestinal cancer in European migrants to Australia Therole of J dietary change J. Int J Cancer Sakamoto H Yoshimura K Saeki N et al. Genetic variation in PSCA is associated with susceptibility to diffuse-type gastric cancer J. Nature genetics Abnet CC Freedman ND Hu N et al. A shared susceptibility locus in PLCE1 at 10q23 for gastric adenocarcinoma and esophageal 62. squamous cell carcinoma J. Nature genetics J D J Eslick GD Lim LL Byles JE et al. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric carcinoma a meta-analysis J. Am J Gastroenterol Uemura N Okamoto S Yamamoto S et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer J. N Engl J Med Loh JT Torres VJ Cover TL. Regulation of Helicobacter pylori caga expression in response to salt J. Cancer Res Herrera V Parsonnet J. Helicobacter pylori and gastric adenocarcinoma J. Clin Microbiol Infect Sun LP Gong YH Wang L et al. Serum pepsinogen levels and their influencing factors a population-based study in 6990 Chinese from North China J. World Journal of Gastroenterology Zheng KC Aoki K Li XQ et al. Serum Pepsinogens Gastrin-17 and Helicobacter pylori Antibody in the Residents of Two Cities in China with Distinct Mortality Rates of Gastric Cancer J. Tohoku J Exp Med He CY Sun LP Gong YH et al. Serum pepsinogen Ⅱ a neglected but useful biomarker to differentiate between diseased and normal stomachs J. J Gastroenterol Hepatol J J J J Takaishi S Okumura T Tu S et al. Identification of gastric cancer stem cells using the cell surface marker CD44 J. Stem Cells 中国医科大学附属第一医院内分泌科拟于 2014 年 5 月 10 日至 11 日举办第三届甲状腺疾病诊治新进展学习班学习班将邀请国内知名内分泌科甲状腺外科核医学科等多学科专家进行讲座, 内容密切联系临床实践, 特别设立以病例为引导的甲状腺癌的诊治专题和自身免疫性甲状腺炎诊治专题, 与多学科专家一起讨论其他专题还包括甲亢的药物治疗 ( 用药实践及不良反应的识别和对策 ),Graves 眼病的治疗进展, 以及不同人群甲状腺疾病的诊治策略 ( 妊产期妇女儿童青少年和老年人等特殊人群 ) 地点: 沈阳华府天地莱星顿酒店 [ 沈阳市沈河区哈尔滨路 128 号 ( 华府天地购物中心 ), 电话 : ] 学习班免收会务费, 食宿自理联系人 : 李玉姝 ( 中国医科大学附属一院内分泌科 ) ; 办公电话 : , 手机 : ; @ qq. com 详情请登录中国医科大学附属第一医院网站( http: / /www. cmu1h. com)

从灵敏度和特异度综合分析, 认为 PGⅠ 60 μg/l PGⅠ/PGⅡ 6 是中国胃癌高发区居民胃癌和慢性萎缩性胃炎筛查较为合适的界定值何宝国等 [8] 应用乳胶增强免疫比浊法进行测

从灵敏度和特异度综合分析, 认为 PGⅠ 60 μg/l PGⅠ/PGⅡ 6 是中国胃癌高发区居民胃癌和慢性萎缩性胃炎筛查较为合适的界定值何宝国等 [8] 应用乳胶增强免疫比浊法进行测胃蛋白酶原测定在胃癌及其癌前病变诊断中的应用关键词胃蛋白酶原测定胃癌癌前病变胃癌是我国死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤, 提高早期胃癌的检出率可大大降低胃癌死亡率, 改善病人生活质量日本早期胃癌较高的发现率及手术率得益于