1262 ( ) 13,, (Qianetal.,1997;Jinetal.,2005) :,,, GDP, (, ;, ;, ;, ),,, (, ),, ( ),, ( ),,, ( ), (, ) 2002,,,,,,,

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1 ( ) ChinaEconomicQuarterly Vol.13,No.4 July,2014 陈思霞卢盛峰 * 摘要, :,, ; 关键词, 一引言, 20,,, : %, 0.5% 1,,,, (Musgrave,1959; Oates,1972),, *, ;, :,,430073; : ; sixia chen02@126.com ( ) (12&ZD047),, 1,,1995, ;2010

2 1262 ( ) 13,, (Qianetal.,1997;Jinetal.,2005) :,,, GDP, (, ;, ;, ;, ),,, (, ),, ( ),, ( ),,, ( ), (, ) 2002,,,,,,,,, 2,,,2005 1, ,,,2010 8, , :,,2011 1, ,, ( ), , ,,, , ,,,2011 2, 75 87

3 4 : 1263, :,, 二中国式分权与省直管县基层扩权改革 ( ) Tiebout (1956),, Dethier (1999) Besleyetal. (2003), Baicker (2005),,,,, :, ;, (, ;, ;, ),Weingast (1996) Jinetal. (2005),,,, (2007), ; GDP,, 11 (2011) 8,,,2007 8, ,,,2007 1, , :,,2007 3, ,,,2007 7, 36 50

4 1264 ( ) 13,, 12,, (, ;, ;, ),, (,2011) 15,,,,, (,2011) 5,,,,, (,2007) 16 ( ),,,, (, ;, ), (,2007) 19, ,,,2011 1, ,,,2005 6, ,,,2006 3, ,,, , ,,,2007 3, ,,,2010 8, ,,,2011 1, ,,,2007 4, 22 27

5 4 : 1265 ( ), 2002, 2009, 2012,, ( ),,, (, ; ; ),,, (, ;, ) (2010) 17,,, (,2012) 24 GDP, Oates (1972) Jin Zou (2005), Jinetal. (2005),,,,,,, 20,,,2011 8, ,,,2011 7, ,,, , :,,2011 3, ,,,2012 1, 35 45

6 1266 ( ) 13,,,,,,,, ;,,,, ;,,,,,, 三指标构建及数据说明, ( ), 25 :(1),,, ( ) ;(2), 26, 25 (2010) 26 ( )

7 4 : ( ) ( ) ;,,,, ( ), 35 28, ( ) 286, ( ) 373, ( ) dideco % didfin % % ( ), ( ) 29 ( 30 ), 25%, 25%;,, ( ) , 2008, , 29 : 2003,2007, 30, 31,,

8 1268 ( ) 13,, GDP GDP ; ; ( ) ( ) 2 2 cons edu tech sant GDP agdp invest infras phone rcomm emp urbanemp hos shos pop popindens rpop spop 四实证结果分析 DID,, ( ), , 2007,

9 4 : 1269, Hoynesetal.(2011) (2011) 21,,,,,,, Di ( / ) Dt ( / ), DID 33 :,, ( ),,, : yit =c+α1did it +αkx kit +η c +λt + st +εit (1),yit ;did, i t 1, 0; η c ; λt, GDP,X kit,,, st, 34 ( ), 3 ( ) ( ), 33 Di Dt 34,

10 1270 ( ) 13, ( ), ( ), 3 T T T T * *** :, ; *** ** * 1% 5% 10%,,,,, ( ), ( ) 4, ( ) 1 5, 6 10,, ( ) ( ), 11%;, 0.8%, 95% ( ),,, GDP,

11 4 : 1271 "#" $%&& """ % " () ($%*)" + """ %,+" ( " (&%,*" * $%)" - "" %&&" (-"" ( % $" (+ "" ( %$)" (* (&% *" () "" (&%)-"./"0 $%+ " ( ($%&1" $% *" ( ($% +" ( ($%$-" $%++" ( ($%&1" $%1&" &%$$" $%&+" #23456 $%*)" $%&" ( """ (1%-" """ )%$-" ( "" ( %$1" $%,+" ( ($%*" ( """ (*%,*" """ 1%,*" ( (&%**" #278.5 ( ($%&+" & &%$$" (& (&%$-" ( (&%*)" & $%&" $%1&" & $%--" (& "" ( %$+" ( " (&%-," ( ($%*+" 09:24 1 $%1" $%$& $%)+" ($%$&&& (&% " * "" %&" $%$& $%1)" & $%$+", $%11" ($%$& (&%+" & &% $" & $%$1" 8;:<< * $%" $% " & """ %- " ( """ (,%&&" & &% )" $%&$" &% &" & &%-" ( """ (*%$*" & &%+$" 0:0 ( """ ( %*+" & $%+*" (& ($%-" &%+)" $% " ( " (&%)*" $%+ " $%&" &% $" $%+" 0:0#2"425 & "" %&," ($%**" $%*1" (&%&" ( ($%&*" " &%1-" ( ($%$" ( ($%&$" ( (&%&" ( ($%*" 80:0 + $%$+" ($%$& (&%1&" ($%$& (&%+ " * """ %, " ($%$&, (&%1+" ( ($%1" ($%$&* (&%+-" ( ($% " $%* " ($%$&* (&% )" 50:0 ($%$, "" ( %1&" $%$* &%," $%$+ &%+" 1 &% " $%$ &%++" ($%$*- (&%$,", $%*+" $%$** &%$&" & $%*1" $%$& $%+*" 4<0 $%$& &%$" 1 $%++" (+ ($%1)" & &%," $%* " $%$& &%+ " + $%+$" ($%$&$ (&%+&" & " &%- " & $%$)" =8>.24<0 $%$& &%&," + $%++" ($%$&* (&%1$" * """ *% )" " $%$ """ %-1" (1 ($%+&" + $%+)" & $%-$" ( ($% +"

12 1272 ( ) 13 " "# " &% (" )$%**" )&%&+" """ (%,-" ) )&%&$" $%*$" ) )$%($" ) )&%$," "" (%$," ) )$%-*" #"# "" )(%&*" "" (%. " &%.*" """ (%//" """ (%/(" $%*$" $%*-" """ *%$/" ) )$%--" &%+ " ) )$%(&" $%(. """ *.%* " $%&+ """ (&%&$". """.%&(" $%* / """..%*+" )$%$*. )$%/," $%(+& *+%*&" $%&.( """ (&%$" """ &$%&&" $%*- """..%-(" 0" # 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# # 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# "# 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 56# 56# 56# 56# 56# $% +%$( """.(% - """ *--%+$ """ (+$%( "" &*-%-, """,%(. """ &(%- """ &+*%++ "" &*&%&* """ * %,. """ & $%$*./ $%&* ( $%,*, $%+*** $%*.*+ $%&.(& $%&/,/ $%/(+* $%,--* $%* -- ":# *+-$,(&( +&-& +$,&,(&( *+-$,(&( +$,, +$,&,(&( # """ $ "" " &;$+; &$; %

13 4 : 1273,,,,,, 1%,,,,, ;, 5%,,,, ( ),,, DID ,,,,, 36, GDP,,,,, ( ),,,, 35, DID,, 36,,

14 1274 ( ) 13,, (,2009) 37,,,,, ( ),,, : ( ),dideco 1, 0; ( ),didfin 1, 0 X, 4 ( ) 5 5 dideco (0.08) didfin c 0.02 *** (3.43) (-0.45) ** (-2.01) (-0.67) *** (43.97) * (-1.86) (-1.27) *** (34.66) (-1.37) (1.32) *** (20.68) * (-1.69) (0.14) *** (10.14) X Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes county Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes time Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes st Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes F- 值 6.29 *** *** *** *** *** R obs : *** ** * 1% 5% 10% 5,,, 37, :,,2009 7, 21 33

15 4 : 1275,,,,,,,,,,, 38, (,2006) 39,,,,, ; ( ),, ( ), GDP,, ( 6) 38, 39,,,2006 2, 49 55

16 1276 ( ) 13 6 did ** (-2.06) (-0.39) (-1.20) c 0.33 *** (5.67) 0.33 *** (12.16) 0.29 *** (12.16) X Yes Yes Yes county Yes Yes Yes time Yes Yes Yes st Yes Yes Yes F- 值 *** 1.78 *** 3.56 *** R obs : *** ** * 1% 5% 10%,,,, : ( ) ; ( ), ( ),, 2007 ( ), GDP, ATT, , ATT 10%, ( ) ( ) ( ),,,,, 5, ( ) 200i 1, 0,

17 4 : 1277 (, ), : yit =c+α1did it2002+α2did it2003+α3did it2004+α4did it2005 +α5did it2006+α6did it2007+αkx kit + s,t +η (k =7,,n) (2) c +λt +εit 1 4, α1 α6,,,, ;,, ;, 1 : *** ** * 1% 5% 10% ; 2 3 4, 2 ( ),,

18 1278 ( ) ,, ( ),, 7 7 Did C *** (2.62) 0.01 (0.04) *** (-3.54) 0.20 *** (19.26) ** (-2.50) 0.16 *** (32.52) * (-1.85) *** (16.62) X Yes Yes Yes Yes state Yes Yes Yes Yes time Yes Yes Yes Yes st Yes Yes Yes Yes F- 值 *** *** *** *** R obs : *** ** * 1% 5% 10%

19 4 : ,,, 0.8%; 1.2%; 0.02% 0.4% 五结论及政策建议,, :, ( ) ;,, ( ),,,,, GDP,,,, ( ),,, 参考文献 [1] BaickerK., TheSpiloverEfectsofStateSpending,Journalof Public Economic,2005,89, [2] Bardhan,P.,andD.Mookerjee, ExpenditureDecentralizationandtheDeliveryofPublicServicesin DevelopingCountries,Typescript,1998. [3] Besley,Timothy,and C.Stephen, Centralized versus Decentralized Provision of Local Public Goods:APoliticalEconomyApproach,Journalof Public Economic,2003,87, [4] CaiG.W.,X.Z.Zhang,andG.W.Deng, DoestheReform of CountyDirectly Administratedby Province DamagetheCity sinterests,economic Research,2011,7,65 77.(inChinese)

20 1280 ( ) 13 [5] CaiG.W.,andL.X.Huang, StudyonCausesandEconomicPerformanceoftheGovernmentLevel Reform,Management World,2010,8,73 83.(inChinese) [6] Dethier,andJ.Jearr, GovernanceandEconomicPerformance:ASurvey,ZEF Discussion Paperon DevelopmentPolicy,1999,Bonn:CenterofDevelopmentResearch. [7] FuY., FiscalDecentralization,GovernanceandNon-EconomicPublicGoodsProvision,Economic Research,2010,8,4 15.(inChinese) [8] FuY.,andY.,Zhang, ChineseFiscalDecentralizationandFiscalExpenditureStructure:ThePrice ofcompetitionforgrowth,management World,2007,3,4 22.(inChinese) [9] HeH.J.,Y.Y.QianandR.W.Barry, RegionalDecentralizationandFiscalIncentives:Federalism, ChineseStyle,Journalof Public Economics,2005,89, [10]Hoynes.H.,M Page,and A.H.Stevens, CanTargetedTransfersImproveBirthOutcomes Evi- dencefromtheintroductionofthe WICProgramme,Journalof Public Economics,2011,95, [11]Hoynes,H.W.,andSchanzenbach,D.Whitmore, Consumption Responsestoin-kind Transfers: EvidencefromtheIntroductionoftheFoodStampProgram,Applied Economics,2009,1(4), [12]Huang W.L.,and Y.Yao., TheImpactofSOE Reform onemployment,economic Research, 2007,3,57 69.(inChinese) [13]JingJ.,andH.F.Zou, FiscalDecentralization,RevenueandExpenditureAssignments,andGrowth inchina,journalof Asian Economics,2005,16, [14]LiuJ.,J.N.Wu.,andJ.S.Wu, TheInfluenceoftheProvince-Managing-CountyReformonPublic GoodsProvisionofCounties:AnEmpiricalAnalysisofPanelDatafrom136CountiesandCitiesin HebeiProvince,Comparative Economicand SocialSystem,2012,1,35 45.(inChinese) [15]Lu H.Y.,andF.Gong, GovernmentCompetitionandtheBenefitSpiloverofBudgetExpendi- ture,management World,2007,8,12 22.(inChinese) [16]MaoJ.,D.H.Wang.,and C.E.Bai, Intergovernmental Transfersfor Ethnic Regions,Public SpendingDiferenceandEconomicDevelopmentGap,Economic Research,2011,2(plus), (inchinese) [17]Musgrave,R.A.,The Theoryof Public Finance.New York:McGraw Hil,1959. [18]Oates,W.,FiscalFederalism.New York:HarcourtBrace,1972. [19]Philippe W.,andPeterZ., FiscalEqualization,TieboutCompetitionandIncentivesforEficiencyin afederalistcountry,public Finance Review,2012,40(1),3 29. [20]PingX.Q.,andJ.Bai, FiscalDecentralizationandLocalPublicGoodProvisioninChina,Finance and Trade Economics,2006,2,49 55.(inChinese) [21]QiaoB.Y.,J.Y.Fan,andX.Y.Feng, FiscalDecentralizationandCompulsoryPrimaryEducation inchina,socialsciencesin China,2005,6,37 47.(inChinese) [22]QiaoB.Y.,J.Y.Fan,andJ.M.Peng, IntergovernmentalTransfersandLocalFiscalEfect,Man- agement World,2006,3,50 56.(inChinese) [23]Qian,Y.,and B.R.Weingast, Federalism asa Commitmentto Reserving MarketIncentives, Journalof Economic Perspective,1997,11(40),83 92.

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22 1282 ( ) 13 DoesDecentralizationIncreasethe PublicServicesExpenditures:AQuasi-Experiment of CountyAdministratedbyProvince inchina SIXIA CHEN * (Zhongnan Universityof Economicand Law) SHENGFENG LU (Wuhan University) Abstract Classictheoryhaspointedoutthatthedecentralizationcouldimprovethepub- licwelfarebybetermatchingthedemandoflocalneeds.applyingwithdid methodchecking with countyadministratedbyprovince event,theresultshowedthatthedecentralization hadmadethecountiesenhancingtheinfrastructureexpenditureobviously,butdecreasingthe welfareexpenditurejustaseducation.theexpenditurepropensityof moreoninfrastructure, lessonpublicservice wasmuchobviousinpoorercounties.thespatialefectisweakening throughyears.setinginputlineofexpendituresforpublicservicesandputingupanaccount- abilitymechanismbasedonitisnecessary. JELClasification H41,H77,P35 * CorrespondingAuthor:SixiaChen,PublicFinanceandTaxationDepartment,ZhongnanUniversityof Economicand Law School,Postdoctoralof Applied Economics, Wuhan,430073,China;Tel: ; sixia chen02@126.com.

614 ( ) 11 Naughton (1988) Bo (1998) Su andyang (2000) Xu (2011) LiandZhou (2005) (2007) Huang (1996) SuandYang (2000)

614 ( ) 11 Naughton (1988) Bo (1998) Su andyang (2000) Xu (2011) LiandZhou (2005) (2007) Huang (1996) SuandYang (2000) 11 2 2012 1 ( ) ChinaEconomicQuarterly Vol.11No.2 January2012 * 1985 2007 (2007) (2007) (2007) (20082009) Xu (2011) ( ) * 985 ; ; 985 : 600 200433; :13564812081;E-mail:zpwhu@163.com 985 ( :2011SHKXZD003)