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Abstract It seems unthinkable that the more prosperous our society becomes, the more problematic our dietary habits turn. Through the nutrition education instructed by school to the students, there must be obvious improvement in the physical conditions of the citizens. The purposes of this study were to understand the elementary school students nutrition knowledge, attitudes, dietary behavior and relevant factors. The questionnaire was adopted for the research. The sum of 18 public schools was involved in the trial project; the total of 994 fifth and sixth grade students participated in this study, and the number of 970 valid questionnaires was retrieved to assess their nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behavior. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The students nutrition attitudes are not bad, but their nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior are not as good as expected. 2. Different grades, genders, ages, backgrounds, figures consciousness, schoolwork consciousness and dietary types show significant differences in the students nutrition knowledge. 3. Different grades, genders, ages, schoolwork consciousness, dietary types and the amount of pocket money make obvious differences in students nutrition attitudes. 4. Different grades, genders, ages, schoolwork consciousness and the amount of pocket money show significant differences in students nutrition behavior. 5. There was an obvious positive correlation among nutrition knowledge, III

nutrition attitudes and nutrition behavior. (p < 0.001) 6. Some variables such as " grades ", " dietary type ", " schoolwork consciousness "," gender ", " figures consciousness ", " backgrounds " influence students nutrition knowledge the most. 7. Some variables such as " nutrition knowledge ", " grades ", " gender "," the amount of pocket money ", " schoolwork consciousness ", " the lunch supplied by the school " and " if the schools sell snacks or not " influence students nutrition attitudes the most. 8. Some variables such as " nutrition attitudes ", " gender ", " grades ", " the number of all siblings ", " schoolwork consciousness " and " the amount of pocket money " influence students dietary behavior the most. To sum up, the nutrition education for the elementary school students is not popularized and initiated enough. The relevant organizations ought to pay more attention to the implementation of school nutrition education and offer regular curriculum training to enhance teachers specialized knowledge on nutrition education. As this study shows, plenty of factors influence pupils nutrition knowledge, attitude and dietary behavior. But still, these factors could not provide good prediction or explanation for students nutrition knowledge, attitude and dietary behavior. This suggests that other vital factors should be investigated and discussed. This could be the indication for the future research. Keywords: elementary school, fifth and sixth grade students, nutrition education, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitudes, dietary behavior IV

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