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2 The Abolishment of Family Clans and Family Names Around the May-4 th Campaign Abstract Hsi-mei Hung * The Chinese society is traditionally based on paternity and is thus formed on the long-tested social experience and Confucius' philosophy of life. It is not until recently that the intellectual elites of the society who have taken traditional education and who start to accept Western principles and ideas at the same time began to make comparison, in the hope that they can get rid of the shortcomings and adopt the merits of the two rather different cultural systems. These activities reach the zenith around the days when the May-4 th Campaign happens. Some of the scholars do believe that the biggest difference between Chinese and Western civilization lies in the "Spirit of Criticism". The Chinese people have never been accustomed to finding fault, mainly because they are politically restricted to the absolute monarchy and ideologically to Confucius' ideas of family despotism. Many began to suggest that the Chinese people find some way to rid themselves from the boundary of multi-layered tyranny, leading to the abolishment of family clans. As family clans are built up on the basis of marriages they also begin to initiate another marriage revolution trying to do away with the marriages among big family names, the marriage of rich families and eventually to eliminate the family names. Key words: Anarchism, Abolish Clans, Abolish Marriages, Abolish Family Names * Senior Researcher, Academia Historica
3 * A.Comte 1 family clan 2 * 1 2 2 19 1990 12 1 2 4 5 12 3 13 1991 12 6
4 3 4 5 3 4 5 3 15 1991 12 3-4 17 4 170 70 61
5 6 7 1845 8 9 10 1894 1902 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 70 1 3 132 8 2000 6 47-48 15 5 5-6 1989 13 1994 12 1 7 1961 244 8 25 78-79 12 257-262
6 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 13 278-279 282-288 14 243-253 15 255-352 70 6 135 16 17 18 135 150 1981 348-349 19 303 20 290 21 350-351 22 4 28 2 15 1-12
7 23 24 25 26 27 1904 4 28 Anarchism 1907 23 5 28 3 1 1-11 24 6 28 3 15 4 1 15 1-15 1-8 25 1 67 4 26 27 28 37-44 23 28 12 1 32 1985 9 457-465 429-443 40-41
8 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 3 4 5 7-10 1907 7 10 25 8 10 9 15 1984 5 1 1991 5 2 65-86 7 8 9 1907 9 1 10 30 4 1907 8 2 3 1907 6 29 7 6 7 8 1907 8 3 10 11 1907 8 31 28 29 1908 1 4 11
9 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 11 43 5 7 44 45 36 37 38 39 52 1908 6 20 17 18 20 23 1907 10 12 19 11 2 23 35 1908 2 22 42 44 1908 4 11 5 30 93 97 1909 4 17 5 15 40 1911 1 19 70 175 41 82 152 42 43 1 1913 7 20 249-250 251-252 69 3 33-44 44 176 45 107-114 115-125
10 46 2 4 47 4 9 46 47 1-20 1927 8 102-103 68 1983 193 CZY 1 6 3 10 10 1 3-5 6 4 3 20-5 20 6 20 9 4 28 9 9 12 9 1992 905
11 9 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 8 55 7 5 56 6 6 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 68 9 368 1 5 5 1 15 1 4 4 12 15 5 2 15 2 1 4 5 9 1 12 1 7 2 9 1 1 2 2 8 12 1 2 6 6 2 1 4 1 93 1989 96-97 1998 39 9 2 29 56 1 1996 3 422-433 1 1986
12 57 7 58 1 59 9 60 61 62 8 12 63 7 6 Henrik Ibsen A Doll's House Nora 64 8 3 65 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 3 4 6 6 1 3 5 6 7 1 4 1 7 1 15 5 3 7 9 15 4 5 7 5 15 5 1 7 7 15 5 2 7 8 15 7 2 9 1 1 5 2 7 8 15 27 8 12 7 4 6 7 6 15 6 3 8 3 15
13 66 Ellen Key 67 8 7 68 9 69 70 8 11 71 72 1 66 67 68 69 1900s-1930s 92 1 1 40 1 18 1989 10 8 7 25 16 1919 9 7 404-408 70 1981 4 8 11 4 12 25 71 72 656-657 680-681 22 23 8 11 2 9 6 6 8 11 1
14 73 4 74 75 76 77 78 79 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 31 9 1 3 2 3 9 4 454-455 82 3 15 44 51 1921 8 477-488 9 7 18 4/13 4/15 4/17 4/28 5/5 5/15 6/2 9/6 9 4 9 9 5 3
15 80 9 5 8 82 83 84 81 80 81 82 83 84 9 5 20 21 9 5 11 9 5 13 9 5 14
16 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 9 5 20 23 9 5 20 9 6 1 9 5 23 9 5 17 9 5 23 25 9 5 25 29 9 5 31 9 5 27 9 5 16 22
17 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 95 96 97 98 99 9 5 22 9 5 26 9 5 29 9 6 12 9 5 11 100 9 5 16 101 9 5 22
18 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 102 9 5 23 103 9 5 28 104 9 5 20 105 9 5 8 20 106 9 5 27 107 9 5 20 108 9 5 21
19 109 110 111 9 1 5 7 2187 169578 112 113 109 31 9 1 1 110 9 3 30 111 8 12 25 112 9 1 5-7 113 9 9 6
20 114 115 116 117 118 119 114 9 3 30 115 9 4 4 116 9 4 16 117 9 5 13 118 9 5 5 10 24 119 10 1 31
21 120 11 121 122 123 124 120 8 1 9 1 1 121 2 2 9 3 1 281-284 122 283-284 123 2 4 9 5 1 733-735 124 1 4 8 11 1 836
22 125 10 126 127 128 129 12 9 130 9 131 10 1 125 838 8 11 13 126 7 1 1921 1 79 127 7 5 1921 5 128 3 130-183 1 18 1989 129 184-191 130 9 9 1923 9 131 1920 115
23 132 2 133 12 9 134 135 11 4 136 4 137 138 139 5 6 4.46 5.25 11 5.24 10 14 5.65 140 4 6 132 7 1 1921 1 133 7 2 1921 2 134 9 9 1923 9 135 9 9 1923 9 136 8 4 1922 4 137 8 4 1922 4 138 8 4 1922 4 139 115 140 1992 258-259 103-105
24 141 142 143 144 145 [ ] 146 147 148 141 2 1979 435-439 142 1600-1950 2001 8 23 143 82 3 15 44 51 144 9 2 1923 2 145 1 9 1 9 90 8 166 146 4 2 1928 11 147 1934 13 166 148 1996 7 353
25 8 9 16 1 5 29 41 149 9 3 150 151 152 153 149 2 305 150 9 3 24 151 9 4 1 152 9 4 6 153
26 154 155 156 157 12 158 159 160 154 9 4 6 155 9 6 10 156 C.T. 10 6 6 7 1 3 157 10 8 23 158 1993 11 48 159 1926 1 1995 10 388 160 2 3 9 4 601-603
27 161 162 163 164 165 161 70 1999 6 53 56-62 162 1915-1923 82 6 67-88 163 117 9 2 10 6 1 164 23 1922 10 1999 6 53 56-62 165 2 5 9 6
28 166 167 1 3-5 6 4 3 20-5 20 6 20 1-15 1907 7-1908 1 1 6 3 10 10 9 1908 1 1-9 6 4 9-11 7 1 4 8 11 2 2 3 4 9 3 4 5 8 8 7 27 7 1-2 5 10 1-2 5 8 4 9 11 4 9 9 24 9 12 2 9 1-97 1907 6-1909 5 4-6 23 28 1904 2 15-4 15 12 1 8 12 166 Y.D. 8 9 1922 9 1920 167 1922-23 2 2 3 13 5 1998 6 1998 11
29 8 12 1 18 1989 10 1981 4 1 1996 3 1986 1985 9 82 3 15 1914-1924 78 4 69 4 1 93 1989 3 13 1991 12 1991 6 1979 70 6 1 67 4 1900s-1930s 92 1 3 15 1991 12 1 15 5 1991 69 2 19 1990 12 1981 1994 12
30 1920 1927 8 1989 1 4 8 11 1 70 1 3 31 9 1 1 1600-1950 2001 8 23 3 1 18 1989 2 4 9 5 1 1992 8 2000 6 1999 6 53 1998 6 1998 11 9 2001 8 2 2 9 3 1 1915-1923 82 6