2012 4 349 * 0. 1. 1. 1 Bakhtin 1929 speech genre * 2009JJD740001 2010 9 356

1 2 3 4 1. 2 2012 4 357

1995 discourse marker 1. 2. 1 A 5 6 7 8 B 9 10 11 12 358

13 14 15 16 17 / 17 18 + 19 20 21 22 2012 4 359

23 24 25 26 1. 2. 2 1992 27 28 29 30 31 360

32 33 34 1992 1991 generic 35 36 37 the Himmelmann 1996 37 37 37 1 semantic persistence 2008 38 39 2011 complementizer 2012 4 361

2 2009 pragmaticalization 2002 2010 1. 2. 3 40 362

41 42 1. 2. 4 43 44 2. 2. 1 A A B B C C D 45 46 47 48 B A B C D B E D F E G F H 2012 4 363

49 50 51 52 Halliday 1994 Halliday 1994 topical theme 2001 53 Outside my window is a big lawn. In the middle of the lawn is a flower bed. This bed is full of daffodils. A. 3 54 55 56 364

B. 57 A B B C C D 2. 2 58 59 60 61 1999 1999 1999 3. 2012 4 365

1 2011 2 2009 NP VP 3 2007 1995 1992 2008 2002 4 2007 12 2010 1991 1 2011 2 1999 5 2009 4 Bakhtin 1929 2007 2001 1998 Halliday M. A. K. 1994 An Introduction to Functional Grammar. London Edward Arnold. Himmelmann N. P. 1996 Demonstratives in narrative discourse A taxonomy of universal uses. In Barbara A. Fox ed. Study in Anaphora. John Benjamins. Hinds John V. 1973 Japanese Discourse Structure Some Discourse Constraints on Sentence Structure. Ph. D. dissertation of University of Buffalo. 100871 366

cluster of phenomena which involve a pair of ziji. The doubling construal can be either predicational as in the case of topicalization or quantificational as in the case of bare conditionals. By analyzing the reflexives in question as variables the paper is able to account for a variety of syntactic and semantic restrictions they observes. The findings not only lend further support to the idea that Chinese constructs operator-variable pairs on a sentential scale due to its analyticity but also call for a cartographic analysis of Chinese reflexives in general. These studies will hopefully lead us to the discovery of more fundamental ingredients across the fine line between predication and quantification. Key words reflexive doubling predicational structure quantificational structure Chinese syntax cartographic approach ZHANG Bojiang The nominal effect of disyllablization The theories of verb as a subcategory of noun and of monosyllable-verb and disyllable-noun pairing in Chinese proposed by Shen 2009 2011 2012 have a considerable explanatory potential. In Modern Chinese numerous disyllable nouns originate from verbs through semantic metonymy and reanalysis. The assimilation of disyllable verbs into nouns is the underlying cause for a great deal of phenomena esp. the shift from adverbial-verb constructions to modifier-noun ones. Additionally the paper discusses the awareness of parts of speech of chinese speakers. Key words disyllable metonymy reanalysis awareness of parts of speech WU Fuxiang Selection versus innovation of word order Some observations and reflections on the word order change in Chinese Word order change in Chinese is divided in this paper into selection and innovation and the change is primarily accounted for by the former rather than the latter. The motivations behind the selection could be the diffusion of the grammatical structures of the Standard Chinese or Chinese Mandarin and the influence from the non-chinese languages in the North. Key words selection of word order innovation of word order word order change historical syntax DONG Xiufang Structures and features of the argumentative texts in Old Chinese A discourse analysis of fu and jin The function of fu and jin in Old Chinese argumentative text should be considered from the perspective of discourse structure. As discourse markers in argumentative texts fu introduces the thesis of the speaker and jin introduces a fact which becomes the subject of argumentation. The paper also discusses some characteristics of the argumentative texts in Old Chinese such as the use of chain-topic structures parallel sentences etc. Key words Old Chinese argumentative texts genre function word discourse marker LI Yuming Features of language life in China today In China today the language life exhibits some noticeable features multi-language and multi-dialect phenomena are coming into being internet-based language use is rocketing the Chinese language atlas is susceptible to constant redrawing the rampant urbanization makes the overall language planning necessary growing domestic demand for learning foreign languages and the promotion of Chinese abroad are calling for a balanced planning etc. The main tasks of the state language planning include a full and deep understanding of the language situation a proper treatment of the relationship between languages an efficieat promotion of language competence of the people and the state a maximal use of multiple language resources and undertaking international obligations. Key words language life current features language planning 384