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1 0 7 Journal of Peking University Philosophy and Social Sciences Vol. No. Jul. 0 郭卫东 0087 K 0 A Nassau Trumball Dorothy Fleet 郭卫东, 男, 山东定陶人, 北京大学历史学系教授

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2 % Gorgoroon E. H. Blair and J. A. Robertson The Philippine Islands Cleveland 90 vol. pp vol. 8 p. 8 vol. 0 pp vol. 7 p. 99.

3 % 7 9% Catherine 78 Commutation Act 8 Privilegetonnage % 9% 9 7 瑠瑏瑠瑏 W. E. Soothill China and West London 9 p David Macpherson The History of the European Commerce with India London 8 p.. Jonas Hanway An Essay on Tea London 7 p.. David Macpherson Annals of Commerce London 80 vol. p.. Jonas Hanway An Essay on Tea p. 8. Kirstin Olsen Daily Life in 8th Century England London 999 p C. Y. Hsu The Rise of Modern China Oxford Oxford University Press 99 p. 8. Public Record Office British Foreign office Records 9 /.

. Jonas Hanway An Essay on Tea London 7 p.. David Macpherson Annals of Commerce London 80

4 0 77 Townshend s Revenue Act 79 Tea Act of Empress of China % 87 % 80 8% % Robert Constant J. Steven Watson The Reign of George Ⅲ 70-8 Oxford Oxford University Press 90 p. 98. Jeremy Gregory and John Stevenson Britain in the Eighteenth Century London and New York Routledge 999 pp Robert Gardella The Antedellum Canton Tea Trade Recent Perspective The American Neptune vol XLVIII No. p.. 99

Jeremy Gregory and John Stevenson Britain in the Eighteenth Century 88-80 London and New York Routledge 999 pp.

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7 % % % % % Catherine Fernand Braudel % H. B. Morse The Chronicles of the East India Company trading to China - 8 Oxford Oxford University 9 vol. pp

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8 Nankeen Richmond % Harrison H. B. Morse The International Trade and Administration of the Chinese Empire London 908 p. 8. H. B. Morse The Chronicles of the East India Company Trading to China - 8 vol. pp. - - vol. pp. 9. H. B. Morse The Chronicles of the East India Company Trading to China - 8 vol. p. 8.

9 0% % b Imperial Maritime Customs Silk comp. China Shanghai 88 p

10 Dupont K. N. Chaudhuri The Trading World of Asia and English East India Company 0-70 Cambridge Cambridge University Press 978 p

11 7 8 Silk Tea and Cotton Historical Change and Replacement of Chinese Goods of Foreign Trade on the Internal Causes of the Decline and Change of Silk Road Guo Weidong Department of History Peking University Beijing 0087 China Abstract The stoppage of the Silk Road which had a history of more than a thousand years was a major event in the history of China s transportation with foreign countries. In addition to the changes of the international situation the extensive use of cotton and its substitution for silk were also the internal causes for the decline of the Silk Road. Fortunately as Chinese tea became goods in great demand in the international market tea century became well-known in place of the Silk Road. The replacement of silk by tea and cotton was a typical representation of the shift of international trade goods in both ancient and modern times which has made great influence on China and the world. Key words silk tea cotton international trade goods substitution

countries. In addition to the changes of the international situation the extensive use of cotton and its substitution for silk were also the internal causes for the decline of the Silk Road.

~ Jason Thompson, A History of Egypt: From Earliest Times to the Present, Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p

2015 3 Mar. 2015 2 Arab World Studies No.2 Margot Badran, Dual Liberation Feminism and Nationalism in Egypt 1870~1925, Spring, 1988, p.24. 77 ~ Jason Thompson, A History of Egypt: From Earliest Times to