Alonso 1964 Muth 1969 Mills 1972 bid-rent curve bid-rent function CBD Alonso 1964 Muth 1969 income sorting Wheaton 1977 Zheng et al CBD Clark 19
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1 * JEL R10 R40 Q28 F290 A Anas et al / / / Alonso Muth Mills * zhengsiqi@ tsinghua. edu. cn suncong05@ gmail. com No No Matthew E. kahn Richard B. Peiser Cindy Fan 18
2 Alonso 1964 Muth 1969 Mills 1972 bid-rent curve bid-rent function CBD Alonso 1964 Muth 1969 income sorting Wheaton 1977 Zheng et al CBD Clark 1951 McDonald % Baum-Snow and Kahn % 1 1 Ln Ln Ln Ln *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** Yes Yes Yes No R - square t *** 1% 2006 ~ ~
3 Bertaud Baum-Snow and Kahn Small and Song McMillen 1996 Helsley and Sullivan 1991 Anas et al Glaeser 2007 Song Ln *** *** Ln *** *** R-square Giuliano and Small 1991 Small and Song 1994 Cervero and Wu 1998 Bogart and Ferry ~
4 Craig and Ng 2001 Gordon et al McMillen and McDonald 1998 McMillen Mieszkowski and Mills Hiroka ~ 2008 jobs-housing balance 21
5 Giuliano 1991 Hanson and Pratt Brueckner et al Chen 2008 Crane Straszheim 1998 Rosenthal and Strange Fu Sivitanidou Lucas Rossi-Hansberg Lucas 2001 Lucas and Rossi- Hansberg 2002 Rossi-Hansberg 2004 LRH - LRH 22
6 LRH LRH Zheng et al Ren et al spatial mismatch Kain 1968 Ihlanfeldt and Sjoquist 1998 Brueckner and Zenou 2003 Houston
7 housing affordability 2010 Center for Neighborhood Technology Center for Transit-Oriented Development Center for Real Estate at MIT Anas et al Garrett and Wachs 1996 Voith 1993 Amstrong 1994 Benjamin and Sirmans 1996 McMillen and McDonald 2004 Cervero and Duncan http / /web. mit. edu /cre /research /hai /index. html
8 % 5% % 2 Newman and Kenworthy 1999 Ewing and Rong 2008 Glaeser and Kahn Kahn % http / /www. bjjtgl. gov. cn / http / /news. xinhuanet. com /legal / /31 /content_ htm / 25
9 2010 Zheng et al Kahn 2006 / / / SO GIS - - UrbanSim Tranus Cubeland Waddell UrbanSim COG m 150m 26
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11 Alonso W Location and Land Use Cambridge Published by Harvard University Press. Amstrong R Impacts of Commuter Rail Service as Reflected in Single-family Residential Property Values Transportation Research Record 1406 pp Anas A. R. Arnott and K. A. Small 1998 Urban Spatial Structure Journal of Economic Literature 36 3 pp Baum-Snow N. and M. E. Kahn 2005 Effects of Urban Rail Transit Expansions Evidence from Sixteen Cities Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs pp Benjamin J. D. and G. S. Sirmans 1996 Mass Transportation Apartment Rent and Property Values Journal of Real Estate Research 12 1 pp Bertaud A The Spatial Organization of Cities Deliberate Outcome or Unforeseen Consequence IURD Working Paper Series Paper WP Bogart T. and W. C. Ferry 1999 Employment Centres in Greater Cleveland Evidence of Evolution in a Formerly Monocentric City Urban Studies 36 pp Brueckner K. F. Thisse and Y. Zenou 1999 Why is Central Paris Rich and Downtown Detroit Poor An Amenity-Based Theory European Economic Review 43 1 pp Brueckner K. and Y. Zenou 2003 Space and Unemployment The Labor-Market Effects of Spatial Mismatch Journal of Labor Economics 21 1 pp Cervero R. and K. Wu 1998 Sub-centring and Commuting Evidence from the San Francisco Bay Area Urban Studies 35 7 pp Cervero R. and M. Duncan 2002 Transit s Value-Added Effects of Light and Commuter Rail Services on Commercial Land Values Transportation Research Record 1805 pp Chen F. N Commuting Distances in a Household Location Choice Model with Amenities Journal of Urban Economics 63 pp Clark C Urban Population Densities Journal of Royal Statistical Society A114 4 pp Craig S. G. and P. Ng 2001 Using Quantile Smoothing Splines to Identify Employment Subcenters in a Multicentric Urban Area Journal of Urban Economics 49 pp Crane R The Influence of Uncertain Job Location on Urban Form and the Journey to Work Journal of Urban Economics 39 3 pp Ewing R. and F. Rong 2008 The Impact of Urban Form on U. S. Residential Energy Use Housing Policy Debate 19 1 pp Fu S. H Smart Café Cities Testing Human Capital Externalities in the Boston Metropolitan Area Journal of Urban Economics 61 1 pp Garrett M. and M. Wachs 1996 Transportation Planning on Trial The Clean Air Act and Travel Forecasting Published by Sage Publications. Giuliano G Is Job-Housing Balancing a Transportation Issue Transportation Research Record 1305 pp
12 Giuliano G.. and K. A. Small 1991 Subcenters in the Los Angeles Region Regional Science and Urban Economics 21 2 pp Glaeser E. L The Economics Approach to Cities NBER Working Paper No Glaeser E. L. and M. E. Kahn 2008 The Greenness of Cities Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Urban Development NBER Working Paper No Gordon P. H. W. Richardson and H. L. Wong 1986 The Distribution of Population and Employment in a Polycentric City The Case of Los Angeles Environment and Planning A 18 pp Hanson S. and G. Pratt 1988 Reconceptualizing the Links between Home and Work in Urban Geography Economic Geography 64 4 pp Houston D Methods to Test the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis Economic Geography 4 pp Helsley R. and A. Sullivan 1991 Urban Subcenter Formation Regional Science and Urban Economics 21 2 pp Hiroka H The Development of Tokyo's Rail Net Work Japan Railway & Transport Review Ihlanfeldt R. and L. Sjoquist 1998 Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis A Review on Recent Studies and Their Implications for Welfare Reform Housing Policy Debate 9 pp Kain F Housing Segregation Negro Employment and Metropolitan Decentralization Quarterly Journal of Economics 82 pp Kahn M. E The Environmental Impact of Suburbanization Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 19 4 pp Kahn M. E Green Cities Urban Growth and the Environment Published by Brookings Institution Press. Lucas R. E Externalities and Cities Review of Economic Dynamics 4 2 pp Lucas R. E. and E. Rossi-Hansberg 2002 On the Internal Structure of Cities Econometrica 70 4 pp McDonald J. F Econometric Studies of Urban Population Density A Survey Journal of Urban Economics 26 3 pp McMillen D. P One Hundred Fifty Years of Land Values in Chicago A Nonparametric Approach Journal of Urban Economics 40 1 pp McMillen D. P Nonparametric Employment Subcenter Identification Journal of Urban Economics 50 3 pp McMillen D. P. and J. F. McDonald 1998 Suburban Subcenters and Employment Density in Metropolitan Chicago Journal of Urban Economics 43 pp McMillen D. P. and J. McDonald 2004 Reaction of House Prices to a New Rapid Transit Line Chicago s Midway Line Real Estate Economics 32 3 pp Mieszkowski P. and E. S. Mills 1993 The Causes of Metropolitan Suburbanization Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 3 pp Mills E. S Studies in the Structure of the Urban Economy Published by Johns Hopkins Press. Muth R. F Cities and Housing Published by The University of Chicago Press. Newman P. and J. Kenworthy 1999 Costs of Automobile Dependence Global Survey of Cities Transportation Research Record 1670 pp Ren R. R. Y. M. Fu and H. Y. Liu 2007 Land Price Discovery in a City with Changing Land Uses A Study of Spatial Interactions in Office Market in Beijing The 12th Asian Real Estate Society AsRES International Conference Macau & The 3th International Symposium on Urban Development and Land Policy in China Hangzhou Rosenthal S. S. and W. C. Strange 2004 Evidence on the Nature and Sources of Agglomeration Economies in Handbook of Urban and Regional Economics Eds. by Henderson J. V. and J. Thisse pp Rossi-Hansberg E 2004 Optimal Urban Land Use and Zoning Review of Economic Dynamics 7 1 pp Sivitanidou R Do Office-commercial Firms Value Access to Service Employment Centers A Hedonic Value Analysis within Polycentric Los Angeles Journal of Urban Economics 40 2 pp
13 Small K. and S. Song 1994 Population and Employment Densities Structure and Change Journal of Urban Economics 36 3 pp Song S Modeling Worker Residence Distribution in the Los Angeles Region Urban Studies 31 9 pp Straszheim M The Theory of Urban Residential Location in Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics Eds. by Mills E. S. pp Voith R Changing Capitalization of CBD-Oriented Transportation Systems Evidence from Philadelphia Journal of Urban Economics 33 3 pp Wheaton W. C Income and Urban Residence An Analysis of Consumer Demand for Location The American Economic Review 67 4 pp Zheng S. Q. Y. M. Fu and H. Y. Liu 2006 Spatial Structure and Hindrance to Housing Choice Evidence from Matched Location and Location-Preference Data in Chinese Cities Journal of Urban Economics 60 pp Zheng S. Q. R. B. Peiser and W. Z. Zhang 2009 The Rise of External Economies in Beijing Evidence from Intra - urban Wage Variation Regional Science and Urban Economics 49 pp Zheng S. Q. R. Wang M. E. Kahn and E. L. Glaeser 2010 The Greenness of China Household Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Urban Development Journal of Economic Geography 10 6 pp
14 Urban Spatial Structure Housing Jobs and Related Urban Issues Siqi Zheng Cong Sun Abstract The spatial relationship of jobs and housing in a city is the outcome of firms' and households' location choices and their interactions. This paper examines the spatial distributions of housing prices land prices jobs and population and reviews the classic theories behind. The economic mechanism behind the spatial interaction of agglomeration economies and commuting cost is our focus. This paper also discusses the related policy issues such as traffic congestion air pollution employment problems and housing burdens for low -income households. Good urban policies should consider use of land transportation and environment in an integrated framework and internalize the externalities of individual behaviors correctly. Such good policies can help to improve urban efficiency and quality of life and promote the sustainability of urban development. Keywords Urban Spatial Structure Housing Jobs Transportation 31
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