476 ( ) 2015,55(4) 2/3 ( ( 1),2010 1~2 ( ) ) 2004 [1] 2009, : 6 (2010 ) 2 (2008 ) 1

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1 ISSN CN /N ( ) JTsinghuaUniv(Sci& Technol), 2015,Vol.55, No.4 15/ : 1,2 1,2 1,2,,, 1,2 ( ; ) spatialvariationinthisbalancemeasure.thispaperconstructstwo indicesforthematchofjobsandhousing,andcalculatestheirvalues inbeijing szonesbasedonpopulationcensus,economiccensusanda large-scaletransportationsurveyinbeijing.thekeyfactorsareex- amined whichinfluencethespatialvariation ofthesetwoindices acrossdiferentzonesinbeijing. : Keywords:housing;job;jobs-housingbalance;spatialvariation,, (htp://news.cntv.cn/special/jiaotongyong- du/shouye/),,,,,, [1] : ; ; ; 40km/h :TU2 :A 15~20km/h : (2015) DOI: /j.cnki.qhdxxb , t, Jobs-housingbalanceindexanditsspatial variation:acasestudyinbeijing ZHENGSiqi 1,2,XUYangfei 1,2, ZHANGXiaonan 1,2,YUDu 1,2 (1.HangLungCenterforRealEstate,TsinghuaUniversity, Beijing100084,China; DepartmentofConstruction Management,TsinghuaUniversity, Beijing100084,China) Abstract:Urbanplannersoftentrytoachievejobs-housingbalance sinceitseemstobeasolutionforlargecities traficcongestion. ties,ratherthanunderlyingmechanisms,andtheyalwaysignorethe, PM2.5 22% (htp://news com/11/1220/03/ 7LMHRCIJ00014AED.html) ( ),, However,inmanycasestheyjustemphasizethebalanceinquanti- : : ( , , ); (NCET ) : (1977 ), ( ) zhengsiqi@tsinghua.edu.cn

2 476 ( ) 2015,55(4) 2/3 ( ( 1),2010 1~2 ( ) ) 2004 [1] 2009, : 6 (2010 ) 2 (2008 ) 1

3 , : : 477, (jobs-housingbalance),,, (self-contained),,,,,, [2-3],, ( ), (jobs-housing ( ) ( ) ratio), ( ) [4-5], (, Cervero [4] 1), 80%,,,,Ewing [6],,,, ( ) ( 1 )

4 478 ( ) 2015,55(4) 6, 2010 (2010 ) 2 (2008 ), ), 129,,,, 1 3 ( ( ) EDU PRIVATE HHSIZE KIDS GENDER SUBWAY ( 1 9 ),, (%),, ( ) ~12 (%) (%) , 1000m , : :1 ;2 ;3 ;4 ; 5 ;6 ;7 ;8 ; ), 6 2,, (1) 2010, (jobs- 0.67, housingratio,jhr): JHR i=j i /H i. (1) :JHR 1 i i i,h i i ( ) ,

5 , : : , 9.69 ( ) (, ) ( 10%) 12 2) (jobs-housingbalanceindex,,3 ( JHBI) ),4 CBD ( ),2 ( ) (JHBR H,i ) (JHBR J,i 2 JHBR H,i=MATCH i /H i, (2) JHBR J,i=MATCH i /J i. (3) :JHBR H,i i ;, MATCH i, i ( j 25 ( 20%), 12 );,JHBR J,i i,8,j i i ( ),, 32% ; 17% 17% 3, ,, 18 ( 15%)

6 480 ( ) 2015,55(4) 3 2 ( ), 2.1 [8], [7] 1) (thinjobmarket) [9],,

7 , : : 481 [9] ( ) ;,, ;, [10],,, ( ) [10] [11-13],,,,,,, ;, [14-15], (5) : (4) JHBR H,i=β 0+ β 1EDUH,i+ β 2PRIVATEH,i+ β 3SUBWAYi+ β 4HHSIZEH,i+ : β 5KIDSH,i+ β 6GENDERH,i+ ζ i. (5),EDU H JHBR J,i=β 0+ β 1EDUJ,i+ β 2PRIVATEJ,i+,PRIVATE H β 3SUBWAYi+εi. (4),SUBWAY,EDU J (4), 3, ;HHSIZE H,,, ;KIDS H GENDER H, ;PRIVATE J,,,KIDS, GENDER ;SUBWAY ζ i ε 1) 2) (4) 2 (1) (3) (EDU), (PRIVATE),, (SUBWAY) 3

8 482 ( ) 2015,55(4) (EDU) 40%( 2 (PRIVATE) (1) ), 30% ( 2 (2) ), 5% ( ) 2) (5) 2 (4) (6), 2 : : (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) EDU *** *** *** *** *** *** (0.0297) (0.0279) (0.0299) (0.0186) (0.0192) (0.0204) PRIVATE *** *** *** *** *** (0.127) (0.121) (0.0908) (0.0896) (0.0917) SUBWAY *** ** ** ( ) ( ) ( ) HHSIZE ** (0.0488) KIDS *** (0.186) GENDER * (0.333) *** *** *** *** *** *** (0.164) (0.193) (0.193) (0.143) (0.143) (0.284) R : ; *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10% 3, ( ) ( ), [16],,

9 , : : 483,, 55(2): ( ) 1996,3(3): , [7]. : [M]. :,2012. ; TsinghuaUniversityPress,2012.(inChinese) ( ) 2009,49: Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1992. ( ),, cities[j].econometrica,2002,70(4): [11].,,2007. (References) [1],. urban structure [J]. Urban Studies, 1993, 30(9): [M]//. : ,2013. [13]HansonS,Prat G J.Gender, Work,and Space [M]. FU Zhihuan,ZHU Gaofeng. Research on an integrated PsychologyPress,1995. transportproblemsintheprocessofurbanization [M]//FU [14]EricksenJA.Ananalysisofthejourneytoworkforwomen Zhihuan,et al. Research on the Strategy of China s [J].Soc Probs,1976,24:428. New-Type Urbanization. Beijing: China Architecture & [15]LeeBS,McDonaldJF.Determinantsofcommutingtimeand BuildingPress,2013.(inChinese) distanceforseoulhhsize:theimpactoffamilystatuson [2] KnaapG,TalenE.Newurbanismandsmartgrowth:Afew thecommutingofwomen [J].Urban Studies,2003,40(7): wordsfromtheacademy[j].internationalregionalscience Review,2005,28(2): [16] WaddelP.UrbanSim:Modelingurbandevelopmentforland [3]. : use,transportationandenvironmentalplanning[j].journal [J]..2014(5): of the American Planning Association, 2002, 68(3): ZHENG Siqi, XU Yangfei, GU Yizhen. Rethinking of jobs-housingbalance :Providing morechoicesratherthan imposing constraints [J]. Academic Monthly,2014(5): (inChinese) [4] CerveroR.Jobs-housingbalancingandregionalmobility[J]. Journal of the American Planning Association, 1989, [5] CerveroR,Radisch C.Travelchoicesinpedestrianversus automobileorientedneighborhoods [J].TransportPolicy, [6] Ewing R,Pendal R,Don C. Measuring SprawlandIts Impact [M]. Washington DC: Smart Growth America, ZHENG Siqi.The SpatialStructure of Urban Economy: Housing,Jobs and Related Urban Issues [M].Beijing: [8] ZHENGSiqi,PeiserRB,ZHANG Wenzhong.TheRiseof externaleconomiesin Beijing:Evidencefrom intra-urban wagevariation [J].RegionalScienceand Urban Economics, [9] Simpson W.UrbanStructureandtheLaborMarket:Worker Mobility,Commutingand UnderemploymentinCities [M]. [10]LucasRE,Rossi-HansbergE.Ontheinternalstructureof [M]. : DING Chengri.Urban SpatialPlanning:Theory, Method andpractice [M].Beijing:HigherEducationPress,2007. (inchinese) [12]GiulianoG,SmalK A.Isthejourneytoworkexplainedby

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第 33 卷第 2 期 Vol. 33 No. 2 水摇利摇经摇济 Journal of Economics of Water Resources 2015 年 3 月 Mar. 2015 DOI:10. 3880 / j. issn. 1003 9511. 2015. 02. 014 全生命周期视角下烟草水源工程造价监控管理刘摇波, 付生