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1 A 18 * A 18 A D A Bennett 1976 Cell 1977 Whyte 1974 * chennabo@ mail. sysu. edu / 12YJC YJA

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25 2007b http / /news. qq. com /a / / htm S S http / /news. qq. com /a / / htm Bennett G. A Yundong Mass Campaigns in Chinese Communist Leadership. Berkeley Center for Chinese Studies University of California. Cell C. P Revolution at Work Mobilization Campaigns in China. New York Academic Press. Whyte M. K Bureaucracy and Anti - Bureaucracy in the People' Republic of China. in Britan G. & Cohenzz R. Eds. Hierarchy and Society Anthropological Perspectives on Bureaucracy. Philadelphia Institute for the Study of Human Issues. 46

26 JPA Journal of Public Administration Vol. 8 No SYMPOSIUM Introduction Campaign - style Governance Supervision Mechanism The Channel for Bureaucracy Mobilization Abstract Nabo Chen Jiajian Chen After researching the Chinese administrative system many scholars argue that two different patterns exist - bureaucracy and mobilization - in practical administrative process. However there's no definite analysis of the symbiotic relationship between these two administrative patterns. For the local government mobilizing the bureaucracy system is the key to effective administration. So there must be some special mechanism to coordinate the two patterns. Through empirical studies the author finds that the supervision department in most local governments is a channel for coordinating and integrating the two administrative patterns. In the process of informing important policy coordinating conflicts between bureaucracy departments managing key projects and solving difficult problems the supervision mechanism may be activated. Through the supervision mechanism the horizontal relationships between bureaucracy departments are coordinated and the vertical powers are realized. In this process the administrative resources are reconstructed and concentrated to make preparation for mobilizing the bureaucracy system. Keywords Supervision Bureaucracy Mobilization Mobilizing Bureaucracy Legitimacy Loading A New Explanation for the Political Campaign in China 18 Years of Creating a National Sanitary City in a Chinese City Yan Xu Nana Fan & Nabo Chen Abstract To govern by campaign is generally treated as an alternative to govern by bureaucracy in China. This is a case study of the 18 year campaign in a Chinese city known as Creating a National Sanitary City Chuangwei. The campaign was learned adopted and routinized by the bureaucracy all of which led to the failure of the campaign for the first 16 years. The campaign regained its power and finally succeeded because years of failure led to the legitimacy loading of the campaign which triggered a real campaign. Further this study argues that legitimacy loading should be the key to understanding the inter - transformational mechanism between the campaign and bureaucracy. Keywords Governance Political Campaign Legitimacy Loading 179

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~ ~ ~ 36 4 2015 385 ~ 397 The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology Vol. 36 No. 4 2015 1951 ~ 1956 100049 100190 1951 ~ 1966 1951 ~ 1956 N092 P62-092 A 1673-1441 2015 04-0385-13 1951 ~ 1966