A Journey to the Room The Chronotopes in Tarkovsky s Stalker Tsung-Huei Hsiung* Abstract Stalker (1979), the last feature film Andrei Tarkovsky comple

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1 * ** Stalker, 1979 Andrei Tarkovsky, Mikhail Bakhtin, chronotope Room * **

2 A Journey to the Room The Chronotopes in Tarkovsky s Stalker Tsung-Huei Hsiung* Abstract Stalker (1979), the last feature film Andrei Tarkovsky completed in the Soviet Union, seemingly depicts a three-man expedition into a surreal Zone, but is actually more concerned about the over-development of material culture and the consequent spiritual loss and mental crisis. How to arrange the time-andspace relationship into a comprehensible narrative in the film that can illustrate this theme becomes the greatest challenge for the director. The end result is a half-true, half-fictional journey that is incredibly tough, mirroring the mental crisis caused by the vacuous state of the characters minds. The present study utilizes Mikhail Bakhtin s concept of the chronotope to analyze this adventurous journey and will show that, through the characters trip to the Room, Tarkorvsky demonstrates the absurdity of the boundary between reality and imagination, achieved coherence in time if not space, and inaugurates his own journey of battling against the spiritual loss of men with the art of film. Keywords: Stalker, Tarkovsky, Bakhtin, chronotope * Assistant Professor, Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, National Taiwan University. 9 6

3 ; Stalker, 1979 Andrei Tarkovsky, The Mirror, 1974 Nostalgia, 1983 The Sacrifice, 1986 Martin 140 Johnson and Petrie 142 Arkady Strugatsky, Boris Strugatsky, Roadside Picnic, 1971 F. Dostoevsky, The Idiot 1982 Voyage in Time Tonino Guerra Solaris, Solaris, 1961 Stanis aw Lem Beres

4 163 chronotope Mikhail Bakhtin, : Skakov

5 The Wish Machine M. Turovskaya minimization asceticism, 295 Prince Myshkin Red Schuhart 128 Zone Room 4 Red Schuhart Arthur

6 264 three unities Hamlet, 1976 Antoine de Baecque

8 Greek adventure novel of ordeal adventure-time 3: 285 adventure novel of everyday life Gaius Petronius, Satyricon 3:

9 Slavoj Žižek The Pervert s Guide to Cinema 1 0 3

10 The Golden Ass Lucius 8 3: 309 3: 280, 291, 302 3:

11 3: Porcupine 351 3:

12 Crime and Punishment Sonya Johnson and Petrie

14 1 Andre Rublev, 1966 Trinity Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius Tretyakov Gallery The Passion According to Andrei 1 0 8

15 109 chronotope of the threshold 3: 450 3:

16 5: 41 3: 444 3:

17 2 2 3:

18 Sergey Bessmertny 2014 AT 1 1 2

19 alien world 3: 293 3: 275 Eduard Artemyev,

20 12 Friedrich Hölderlin, In lieblicher Bläue...Poetically Man Dwells

21 Martin Heidegger, Chris Marker One Day in the Life of Andrei Arsenevich ruin Walter Benjamin, transience irresistible decay Martin Heidegger 15 Walter Benjamin 1 1 5

22 6: Susan Sontag,

23 3: 452 Johnson and Petrie Skakov Ghent Altarpiece 1 1 7

24 Rodion Raskolnikov Arkady Svidrigailov Porfiry Petrovich 1 1 8

25 alter ego 5:

26 Golgotha 1 2 0

27 Joseph Campbell,

29 yurodivy blessed holy fool 1 2 3

30 blessed Olga Surkova 1 2 4

31 Ivan s Childhood, 1962 Alexei Kris Kelvin Gorchakov 1 2 5

32 121 Martyshka 19 Fyodor Tyutchev, Martyshka Martyshka Monkey Martyshka 1 2 6

33 18:

34 1 2 8

35 Domenico Alexander

36 ( ): (Bessmertny). Web. 22. Dec < (Boldyrev). Web. 22. Dec < shtml>. (Yevlampiev) (Zharavina) (Mozhegov). Web. 22. Dec < (Salvestroni).,

37 (Surkova). Oct Web. 22. Dec < article24>. Dir. Andrei Tarkovsky. Perf. Alexander Kaidanovsky, Anatoly Solonitsyn, and Nikolai Grinko. Mosfilm, DVD. (Tarkovsky) (Turovskaya) (Filimonov)., (Shitova)., Bakhtin, M. M. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Trans. Michael Holquist and Caryl Emerson. Austin: U of Texas P, Beres, S. Rozmowy ze Stanislawem Lemem (Conversations with Stanislaw Lem). Krakow: WL, Johnson, Vida T., and Graham Petrie. The Films of Andrei Tarkovsky: A Visual Fugue. Bloomington: Indiana UP, Une Journée d Andrei Arsenevitch (One Day in the Life of Andrei Arsenevich). Dir. Chris Marker. France, Icarus Films, DVD. Martin, Sean. Andrei Tarkovsky. Harpenden: Kamera Books, The Pervert s Guide to Cinema. Dir. Sophie Fiennes. Perf. Slavoj Žižek. Mischief Films, DVD. Skakov, Nariman. The Cinema of Tarkorvsky: Labyrinths of Space and Time. London: I.B Tauris, Voyage in Time. Dir. and Perf. Tonino Guerra and Andrei Tarkovsky. Italy, DVD

(Paul de Man, -) (a plurality of significations) (Murray Krieger, -000) (Roland Barthes, -0) (The Pleasure of the Text) - Paul de Man, Blindness and I

(Paul de Man, -) (a plurality of significations) (Murray Krieger, -000) (Roland Barthes, -0) (The Pleasure of the Text) - Paul de Man, Blindness and I 00 三國志通俗演義中的對話特質及其意義 (Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin, 1895-1975) (RGC) CUHK /0H M. M. Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays, ed. Michael Holquist, trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael