禪修基本須知及專用詞彙手冊 巴利 - 中文 - 英文 Ven. Dhammasiri 編 台灣法雨道場印行 1
禪修基本須知及專用詞彙手冊 巴利 - 中文 - 英文 目錄 第一章 : 如何修行安般念到入禪第二章 : 如何以其它法門修定第三章 : 如何修行四梵住與四護衛禪第四章 : 如何辨識色法第五章 : 如何辨識名法第六章 : 如何透視緣起法的環結第七章 : 如何培育觀智以透視涅槃參考資料帕奧修程之巴 ~ 中 ~ 英文對照補充 2
回目錄第一章 : 修行安般念到入禪 Chapter 1: Develop Mindfulness-of-Breathing to Absorption Ānāpānassati KAMMAṬṬHĀNA 業處 MEDITATION SUBJECT 安那般那念 ( 入出息念 ) Mindfulness of Breathing Dīghaṁ vā assasanto Dīghaṁ vā passasanto Rassaṁ vā assasanto Rassaṁ vā passasanto Passaṁbhayaṁ kāyasaṅkhāraṁ assasissāmī Passaṁbhayaṁ kāyasaṅkhāraṁ passasissāmī Sabhāva-lakkhaṇa Sāmañña-lakkhaṇa ASSĀSA-PASSĀSA 入出息 BREATH IN AND OUT 入息長 出息長 入息短 出息短 全身入息 全身出息 微細息 Breathing in a long breath Breathing out a long breath Breathing in a short breath Breathing out a short breath Calming the breath body breathe in Calming the breath body breathe out Subtle breath NIMITTA 禪相 THE SIGN OF CONCENTRATION 自相 ( 自性相 ) Individual Characteristics 2 共相 General Characteristics 四種能使氣平息的因 THE FOUR FACTORS MAKE THE BREATH CALM Ābhoga 思惟 Reflecting Samannāhāro 專念 Bringing to mind Manasikāra 作意 Attending Vīmaṁsā 觀察 Deciding 禪相的現象 APPEARANCE OF THE SIGNS Uggaha-nimitta 取相 Taken-up sign 1 即 : 硬 粗 流動 支持 推動等 2 無常 (anicca) 苦(dukkha) 無我(anatta) 的性質 3
or learning sign Paṭibhāga nimitta 似相 Counterpart sign Parikamma-nimitta 預備相 Preparatory sign SAMĀDHI 禪定 CONCENTRATION Upacāra 近行定 Access concentration Appanā 安止定 Absorption concentration Sadisūpacāra 等分定 Similary concentration PAÑCAPACCAYO 平衡五根 BALANCING THE FIVE CONTROLLING FACULTIES Saddhā 信 Faith Vīriya 精進 Effort Sati 念 Mindfulness Samādhi 定 Concentration Paññā 慧 Understanding BHĀVANĀ 兩種禪修法 TWO TYPES OF MEDITATION Samatha 止 ( 奢摩他 ) Tranquillity Vipassanā 觀 ( 毗婆舍那 ) Insight JHĀNA 禪那 ABSORPTION Lokiya-jhāna 世間禪 Mundane jhāna Lokuttara-jhāna 出世間禪 Supramundane jhāna Rūpāvacara-jhāna 色界禪 Fine-material plane jhāna Arūpa-jhāna 無色界禪 Immaterial plane jhāna SATTA BOJJAðGA 平衡七覺支 BALANCING THE SEVEN FACTORS OF ENLIGHTENMENT Sati 念覺支 The Enlightenment Factor of Mindfulness Dhammavicaya 擇法覺支 Investigation of Phenomena 4
Vīriya 精進覺支 Effort Pīti 喜覺支 Joy Passaddhi 輕安覺支 Tranquillity Samādhi 定覺支 Concentration Upekkhā 捨覺支 Equanimity PAÑCA JHĀNAðGA 五禪支 FIVE JHĀNAS FACTORS Vitakka 尋 Applied thought Vicāra 伺 Sustained thought Pīti 喜 Joy Sukha 樂 Bliss Ekaggatā 一境性 One-pointedness PAÑCA VASI-BHĀVA 五自在 THE FIVE KINDS OF MASTERY Āvajjana-vasī 轉向自在 Mastery in Adverting Samāpajjana-vasī 入定自在 attaining Adhiṭṭhāna-vasī 住定自在 resolving Vutthana-vasī 出定自在 emerging Paccavekkhana-vasī 省察自在 reviewing 其他 OTHERS Bhavaṅga 有分心或有分識 Life-continuum consciousness Paṭhamajjhānaṁ 初禪 First jhāna (absorption) Dutiyajjhānaṁ 第二禪 Second jhāna Tatiyajjhānaṁ 第三禪 Third jhāna Catutthajjhānaṁ 第四禪 Forth jhāna Manodvāravīthi 意門心路過程 Mind-door-thought-process Manodvārāvajjana 意門轉向心 Mind-door adverting consciousness 回目錄 第二章 : 其它修定的法門 Chapter 2: Develop Absorption on Other Subjects 三十二身分 THE THIRTY-TWO PARTS OF THE BODY Kesā 髮 Head hairs Lomā 毛 Body hairs Nakhā 爪 Nails 5
Dantā 齒 Teeth Taco 皮 Skin Maṁsaṁ 肉 Flesh Nahārū 腱 Sinews Atthi 骨 Bones Atthi-miñjā 骨髓 Bone marrow Vakkaṁ 腎 Kidneys Hadayaṁ 心 Heart Yakanaṁ 肝 Liver Kilomakaṁ 膜 Membrane Pihakaṁ 脾 Spleen Papphāsaṁ 肺 Lungs Antaṁ 腸 Intestines Antaguṇaṁ 腸間膜 Mesentery Udariyaṁ 胃中物 Undigested food Karisaṁ 糞 Faeces Matthaluṅgaṁ 腦 Brain Pittaṁ 膽汁 Bile Semhaṁ 痰 Phlegm Pubbo 膿 Pus Lohitaṁ 血 Blood Sedo 汗 Sweat Medo 脂肪 Fat Assu 淚 Tears Vasā 膏 ( 皮脂 ) Grease Kheḷo 唾 Saliva Siṅghāṇika 涕 Snot Lasikā 關節滑液 Synovial fluid Muttaṁ 尿 Urine 涅槃的三門 THE THREE ENTRANCES TO NIBBĀNA Vaṇṇakasiṇa 色遍 Colour kasiṇa Paṭikūla-manasikāra 厭惡作意 ( 不淨觀 ) Repulsiveness Suññata 空 ( 無我 ) Voidness of self AṬṬHIKĀ 白骨觀 THE SKELETON MEDITATION Paṭikūla 厭惡 Repulsive Aṭṭhikapaṭikūla 可厭的骨 Repulsive skeleton Aṭṭhika 骨 Skeleton 6
DASA KASIṆA 十遍 THE TEN KASIṆAS Nīla-kasiṇaṁ 青遍 Blue kasiṇa Pīta-kasiṇaṁ 黃遍 Yellow kasiṇa Lohita-kasiṇaṁ 紅遍 Red kasiṇa Odāta-kasiṇaṁ 白遍 White kasiṇa Paṭhavī-kasiṇaṁ 地遍 Earth kasiṇa Āpo-kasiṇaṁ 水遍 Water kasiṇa Tejokasiṇaṁ 火遍 Fire kasiṇa Vāyokasiṇaṁ 風遍 Wind kasiṇa Ālokakasiṇaṁ 光明遍 Light kasiṇa Ākāsakasiṇaṁ 空遍 Space kasiṇa CATU ARæPA-JHĀNA 四無色禪 THE FOUR IMMATERIAL JHĀNAS Ākāsānañcāyatanajhāna 空無遍處 The Base-of-Boundless-Space Viññāṇañcāyatanajhāna 識無遍處 Boundless-Consciousness Ākiñcaññāyatanajhāna 無所有處 Nothingness Nevasaññānāsaññāyatana jhānā 非想非非想處 Neither-Perception -Nor-Non-Perception 回目錄第三章 : 四梵住與四護衛禪 Chapter 3: Develop the Sublime Abidings and Proctective-Meditations CATUBRAHMAVIHARĀ 四梵住 THE FOUR SUBLIME ABIDINGS Metta-bhāvanā 慈心觀 Lovingkindness Karuṇā-bhāvanā 悲心觀 Compassion Muditā-bhāvanā 喜心觀 Appreciative-Joy Upekkhā-bhāvanā 捨心觀 Equanimity METTA BHĀVANĀ 慈心觀 LOVINGKINDNESS 不應當對兩類人修慈心觀 LOVINGKIDNESS SHOULD NOT BE DEVELOPED TOWARDS TWO TYPES OF PERSON Liṅgavisabhāga 異性之人 Someone of the opposite sex Kālakata-puggala 已死之人 Someone not alive 7
應當對四類人修慈心觀 LOVINGKIDNESS SHOULD BE DEVELOPED TOWARDS FOUR TYPES OF PERSON Atta 你自己 Yourself Piya 喜愛者 A person you like and respect Majjhatta 中庸 ( 無愛憎 ) A neutral person Verī 怨敵 An enemy 最初的時候不應當對四類人修慈心觀 IN THE VERY BEGINNING YOU SHOULD NOT DEVELOPED LOVINGKIDNESS TOWARDS FOUR TYPES OF PERSON Appiya-puggala 不喜愛者 An antipathetic person Atippiyasahāyaka 極親愛者 A very dear person Majjhattapuggala 中庸 無愛憎者 A neutral, indifferent person Verī-puggala 怨敵 An enemy 對自己培育慈愛的四種意念 THE FOUR TYPES OF THOUGHTS FOR DEVELOPING LOVINGKIDNESS TOWARDS YOURSELF Ahaṁ avero homi 願我免除危難 May I be free from mental danger Abyāpajjo homi 願我免除精神的痛苦 mental pain Anīgho homi 願我免除身體的痛苦 physical pain Sukhī attānaṁ pariharāmi 願我平安快樂 May I be well and happy 對敬愛的人散發慈愛 EXTENDING LOVINGKIDNESS TOWARDS A PERSON YOU LIKE AND RESPECT Ayaṁ sappuriso avero hotu 願此善人免除危難 May this good person be free from danger Ayaṁ sappuriso 精神的痛苦 mental pain abyāpajjo hotu Ayaṁ sappuriso 身體的痛苦 physical pain anīgho hotu Ayaṁ sappuriso sukhī attānaṁ pariharatu 願此善人平安快樂 May this good person be well and happy 8
3 SĪMĀSAMBHEDA 破除界限 THE BREAKING DOWN OF BOUNDARIES 廿二類遍滿 THE TWENTY-TWO CATEGORIES OF PERVASION Anodhisopharaṇā 五類不限定的遍滿 Five categories of unspecified pervasion Odhiso-pharaṇā 七類限定的遍滿 Seven categories of pervasion Disā-pharaṇā 十類方向的遍滿 Ten categories of directional pervasion 五類不限定的遍滿 FIVE CATEGORIES OF UNSPECIFIED PERVASION Sabbe sattā 一切有情 ( 眾生 ) All beings Sabbe pāṇa 一切有命者 ( 息生 ) All breathing things Sabbe bhūtā 一切生物 All creatures Sabbe puggalā 一切個人 ( 別生 ) All persons Sabbe attabhāvapariyāpannā 一切個體 ( 自生 ) All individuals 七類限定的遍滿 SEVEN CATEGORIES OF SPECIFIED PERVASION Sabbā itthiyo 一切女人 All beings Sabbe purisā 一切男人 All breathing things Sabbe ariyā 一切聖者 All women Sabbe anariyā 一切凡夫 All men Sabbe devā 一切天神 All enlightened beings Sabbe manussā 一切人類 All unenlightened beings Sabbe vinipātikā 一切惡道眾生 All beings in the lower realms 十類方向的遍滿 TEN CATEGORIES OF DIRECTIONAL PERVASION Puratthimāya disāya 東方 To the East Pacchimāya disāya 西方 To the West Uttarāya disāya 南方 To the North Dakkhiṇāya disāya 北方 To the South Puratthimāya anudisāya 東南方 To the South East Pacchimya anudisāya 西北方 To the North West 4 3 你會發現對敬愛者與對親愛者的慈心變成相等, 你可以將他們合為一類 於是只剩下四類人, 即 : 你 自己 ; 喜愛者 ; 中庸者 ; 怨敵 4 將慈愛遍滿到十方, 而每一方有四十八方式, 總共就有 480 種 (10x48) 方式 當我們加上前述的四 十八種時, 總共有五百二十八種 (480 + 48) 遍滿慈愛的方式 9
Uttarāya anudisāya 東北方 To the North East Dakkhiṇāya anudisāya 西南方 To the South West Heṭthimya disāya 下方 Below Uparimya disāya 上方 Above Ayaṁ sappuriso dukkhā muccatu 5 KARUṆĀ BHĀVANĀ 悲心觀 COMPASSION 願此善人解脫痛苦 May this person be released from suffering Ayaṁ sappuriso kammasako UPEKKHĀ BHĀVANĀ 捨心觀 EQUANIMITY 此善人是他自己所造之業的承受者 This being is the heir to his own actions CATURĀRAKKHA BHĀVANĀ 四護衛禪 THE FOUR PROTECTIVE MEDITATIONS Buddhānussati 佛隨念 Recollection of the Buddha Asubha 不淨觀 Repulsiveness Maraṇanussati 死隨念 Recollection of Death Mettā 慈心觀 Lovingkidness BUDDHĀNUSSATI 佛隨念 RECOLLECTION OF THE BUDDHA Itipi so bhagavā 世尊已滅除煩惱 This Blessed One, having des -troyed mental difilements Arahaṁ 堪受尊敬 ( 阿羅漢 ) Is worthy of veneration Sammāsambuddho 他自己證悟圓滿正覺 ( 正遍知 ) He has attained perfect enlighten -ment by himself Vijjācaraṇasampanno 他的智慧與德行達到完美 ( 明行足 ) He is perfect in knowledge and the practice of morality Sugato 他只說利益與正實的話 ( 善逝 ) He speaks only what is beneficial and true Lokavidū 他了解世間 ( 世間覺 ) He knows the world 5 修行一百三十二種遍滿悲憫的方法, 即 : 五類不限定 的遍滿 七類限定的遍滿與一百二十類方向的遍滿( 5+7(10 x 12)= 132 ) 這與修行慈心觀時所 用的方法相同 10
Annuttaro purisadammasārathi Satthā devamanussānaṁ Buddho Bhagavā 他是那些堪受調伏者的無上引導者 ( 無上士調御丈夫 ) 他是天神與人類的導師 ( 天人師 ) 他是覺悟者 ( 佛陀 ) 他是過去生善業福德果報的最吉祥擁有者 ( 世尊 ) He is the unsurpassable leader of men fit to be tamed He is the teacher of devas and men He is an Enlightened One He is the most fortunate poses-sor of the results of previous meritorious action ASUBHA 不淨觀 REPULSIVENESS Uddhumātakaṁ 腫脹 A bloated corpse Vinīlakaṁ 青瘀 A livid corpse Vipubbakaṁ 膿爛 A fastering corpse Vicchiddakaṁ 斷壞 A dismembered corpse Vikkhāyitakaṁ 食殘 An eaten corpse Vikkhittakaṁ 散亂 A scattered in pieces corpse Hatavikkhitta-kaṁ 斬斫離散 A multilated and scattered in pieces corpse Lohitakaṁ 血塗 A bloody corpse Pulavakaṁ 蟲聚 A worm infested corpse Atthikaṁ 骸骨 A skeleton Maraṇaṁ me dhuvaṁ, jīvitaṁ me adhuvaṁ Maraṇaṁ me bhavissati Maraṇapariyosā naṁ me jivitaṁ MARAṆĀNUSSATI 死隨念 RECOLLECTION OF DEATH 我必然會死, 人命是無常的 我一定會死 I am certain to die, life is imper -manent I certainly die 我的生命在死 My life will end in death 亡時斷絕 Maraṇam maraṇam 死, 死 Death, death 回目錄 11
回目錄 第四章 : 如何辨識色法 Chapter 4: How to Discern Materiality CATTĀRO MAHĀBHæTĀ 四界分別觀 THE FOUR ELEMENTS MEDITATION PAÑCA PASĀDA-RæPA 五淨色 THE FIVE TRANSPARENT-ELEMENT Cakkhu-pasāda 眼淨色 The eye trans-parent element Kāya-pasāda 身淨色 The body Sota-pasāda 耳淨色 The ear Ghāna-pasāda 鼻淨色 The nose Jivhā-pasāda 舌淨色 The tongue GHANA 三種密集 THE THREE KINDS OF COMPACTNESS Santati-ghana 相續密集 Compactness of continuity Samūha-ghana 組合密集 Compactness of group Kicca-ghana 功用密集 Compactness of function 如何分析淨色 HOW TO ANALYSE THE TRANSPARENT-ELEMENT MATERIALITY 1. Paṭhavidhātu 2. Āpodhātu 3. Tejodhātu 4. Vāyodhātu 5. Vaṇṇa 6. Gandho 7. Raso 8. Ojā 9. Jīvita 10. Cakkhu-pasāda Cakkhu-dasaka-kalāpa 眼睛色為第十個色法的色聚 Eye as the tenth-factors-kalāpa 地界水界火界風界顏色香味食素命根眼淨色 Earth element Water element Fire element Wind element Colour Odour Taste Nutritive-essence Life-faculty Eye transparent element 12
1-9 same as Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa Kaya-dasaka-kalāpa 身淨色為第十個色法的色聚 Body as the tenth-factors-kalāpa 第 1 至 9 與眼睛 1-9 same as Eye as the tenth-factorskalāpa 色為第十個色法的色聚相同 10. Kaya-pasāda 身淨色 Body transparent element Sota-dasaka-kalāpa 耳淨色為第十個色法的色聚 Ear as the tenth-factors-kalāpa 1-9 same as Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa 第 1 至 9 與眼睛色為第十個色法的色聚相同 13 1-9 same as Eye as the tenthfactors-kalāpa 10. Sota-pasāda 耳淨色 Ear transparent element Ghāna-dasaka-kalāpa 鼻淨色為第十個色法的色聚 Nose the tenth-factors-kalāpa 1-9 same as Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa 第 1 至 9 與眼睛色為第十個色法 1-9 same as Eye as the tenth-factorskalāpa 的色聚相同 10. Ghāna-pasāda 鼻淨色 Nose transpa-rent element 1-9 same as Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa 10. Jivhā-pasāda 舌淨色 Tongue transparent element Jivhā-dasaka-kalāpa 舌淨色為第十個色法的色聚 Tongue the tenth-factors-kalāpa 第 1 至 9 與眼睛 1-9 same as Eye as the tenth-factorskalāpa 色為第十個色法的色聚相同 眼睛裡的 54 種色法 THE FIFTY-FOUR TYPES OF MATERIALITY IN THE EYE Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa 眼十法聚 Eye decad- kalāpa Kāya-dasakakalapa 身十法聚 Body decad-kalāpa Bhāva-dasakakalāpa 性根十法聚 Sex decad-kalāpa Cittajaojaṭṭhamakakalāpa 心生食素八法聚 ( 由心產生 ) Nutritive-essence octad kalāpa (opaque and pro-duced by consciousness) Utujaojaṭṭhamakakalāpa 時節生食素八法聚 ( 由時節產生 ) (opaque and produced by temperature)
Āhārajaojaṭṭhamakakalāpa 食生食素八法聚 ( 由食物產生 ) (opaque and produced by nutriment) 1-9 same as Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa Bhāva-dasaka-kalāpa 性根十法聚 The Sex decad kalāpa 第 1 至 9 與眼睛色為第十個色法的色聚相同 1-9 same as Eye as the tenth-factorskalāpa 10. Bhāva rūpa 性根色 Sex materiality 6 Cittaja-ojaṭṭhamaka-kalāpa 心生食素八法聚 The nutritive-essence-octad kalāpa All the eight 完全相同與眼睛 All the eight factors are same as Cakkhudasaka-kalāpa factors are same as 色為第十個色法 Cakkhu-dasakakalāpa 的色聚的前八項 The first thirtytwo parts are same as the thirtytwo parts of the body Tejodhātu --santappanatejo 四十二身分 THE FORTY-TWO PARTS OF THE BODY 前面的三十二個部份相同於三十二身分 四個火界顯著的部份 : -- 間隔性發燒之火 The first thirty-two parts are same as the thirty-two parts of the body The four outstan -ding parts of the fire element -- --jīraṇa-tejo --ḍahā-tejo --pācaka-tejo Vāyodhātu --uddhaṅgama- -- 導致成熟和老化之火 -- 普通發燒之火 -- 消化之火 六個風界顯著的部份 : -- 上升風 -- -- --fire of digestion The six outstan -ding parts of the wind element --ascend wind 6 時節生食素八法聚及食生食素八法聚相同於心生食素八法聚 14
vātā --adhogama-vātā --kucchisayavātā --koṭṭhāsayavātā --aṇgamaṅgānu sārino-vātā --assāsa-passāsa -- 下升風 -- 腹內腸外風 -- 腸內風 -- 於肢體內循環之風 -- 入息與出息 --descend wind -- --wind in the intestine -- --breath-in and breath-out 廿八種色法 THE TWENTY-EIGHTS MATERIAL PHENOMENA AT A GLANCE Bhūta-rūpa 1.Paṭhavi-dhātu 2. Āpo-dhātu 3. Tejo-dhātu 4. Vāyo-dhātu Pasāda-rūpa 5. Cakkhu 6. Sotaṁ 7. Ghānaṁ 8. Jivhā 9. Kāyo 十八種完成色 The Eighteenth Concretely Produced Matter Great Essentials 元素色地界 Earth element 水界 Water element 火界 Fire element 風界 Air element Sensitive Phenomena 淨色 眼淨色耳淨色鼻淨色舌淨色身淨色 Eye-sensitivity Ear- sensitivity Nose- sensitivity Tongue-sensitivity Body- sensitivity Gocara-rūpa 10. Rupaṁ 11. Saddo 12. Gandho 13. Raso 淨色 顏色聲香味性根色 Objective Phenomena Visible form Sound Smell Taste Bhāva-rūpa Sexual Phenomena 14. Itthattaṁ 女根色 Femininity 15. Purisattaṁ 男根色 Masculinity Hadayarūpa 心色 Heart Phenomenon 16. Hadaya-vatthu 心所依處 Heart-base 15
Jīvitarupa 命色 Life Phenomenon 17. Jīvitindriyaṁ 命根色 Life faculty Kabaḷīkārāhāra 食色 Nutritional Phenomenon 18. Kabaḷīkāro 食素 ( 營養 ) Nutriment Dasa Anipphannarūpa/ 十種不完成色 The Ten Non-Concrete Matter Paricchedarūpa 限制色 Limiting Phenomenon 19. Ākāsadhātu 空界 Space element Viññattirūpa 表色 Communication Phenomena 20. Kāyaviññatti 21. Vacīviññatti 身表語表 Bodily intimation Vocal intimation Vikārarūpa 變化色 Mutable Phenomena 22. Rūpassa lahutā 23. Rūpassamudutā 24. Rūpassa kammaññatā 色輕快性色柔軟性色適業性 Lightness Malleability Wieldiness Lakkhaṇarūpa 相色 Characteristics of Matter 25. Rūpassa upacaya 色積集性 Production 26. Santati 27. Jaratā 28. Aniccatā 色相續性色老性色無常性 Continuity Decay Impermanence 回目錄 第五章 : 如何辨識名法 Chapter 5: How to Discern Mentality 五十二心所 THE FIFTY-TWO FACTORS AT A GLANCE Aññasamānacetasika 十三通一切心所 The Thirteenth Ethically Variables Sabbacittasādhāraṇa--7 七遍一切心心所 Universals 7 1. Phassa 2. Vedanā 3. Sañña 4. Cetanā 5. Ekaggatā 6. Jīvitindriya 觸受想思一境性命根 Contact Feeling Perception Volition One pointedness Life faculty 16
7. Manasikāra 作意 Attention Pakiṇṇaka--6 六雜心所 Occasionals--6 8. Vitakka 9. Vicāra 10. Adhimokkha 11. Vīriya 12. Pīti 13. Chanda 尋伺勝解精進喜欲 Applied thought Sustained thought Decision Energy Joy Desire Akusala Cetasika 14. Moha 15. Ahirika 16. Anottappa 17. Uddhacca Akusala Cetasika 18. Lobha 19. Diṭṭhi 20. Māna 21. Dosa 22. Issā 23. Macchariya 24. Kukkucca 25. Thīna 26. Middha 27. Vicikīcchā Akusala Sādhāraṇa Cetasika 十四不善心所 The Fourteenth Unwholesome Factors Sādhā-raṇa 四通一切不善心 Unwholesome Universals--4 痴無慚無愧掉舉十雜不善心所貪邪見慢瞋嫉妒慳惡作昏沉睡眠疑 Delusion Shamelessness Fearlessness of wrongdoing Restlessness Unwholesome Occasionals 10 Greed Wrong view Conceit Hatred Envy Avarice Worry Sloth Torpor Doubt 17
Sobhanacetasika 廿五美心所 The Twenty-five Beautiful Factors Sobhana-sādhāraṇa--19 十九遍一切美心心所 Beautiful Factors--19 28. Saddhā 29. Sati 30. Hiri 31. Ottappa 32. Alobha 33. Adosa 34. Mettā 35. Tatramajjhattatā 36. Kāya-passaddhi Citta-passaddhi 37. Kāya-lahutā 信念慚愧無貪無瞋慈中捨性身輕安心輕安身輕快性 Faith Mindfulness Shame Fear of wrong Non-greed Non-hatred lovingkindness Neutrality of mind Tranquility of mental body Tranquility of consciousness Lightness of mental body 38. Citta-lahutā 心輕快性 Lightness of consciousness 39. Kāya-mudutā 40. Citta-mudutā 41. Kāya-kammaññatā 42. Citta-kammaññatā 43. Kāya-paguññatā 44. Citta-paguññatā 45.Kāyujjukatā 46. Cittujjukatā 身柔軟性心柔軟性身適業性心適業性身練達性心練達性身正直性心正直性 Malleability of mental body Malleability of consciousness Wieldiness of mental body Wieldiness of consciousness Proficiency of mental body Proficiency of consciousness Rectitude of mental body Rectitude of consciousness Samucchedavirati 三離 The Three Abstinences 47. Sammāvācā 48. Sammākammanta 49. Sammā-ājīva 正語正業正命 Right speech Right action Right livelihood Appamaññā 二無量 Two Illimitables 50. Karuṇā 51. Muditā 悲憫隨喜 Compassion Appreciative joy Amoha 一無痴 Non-delusion 52. Paññā 慧根 Wisdom faculty 心根據它們存在的界之分類 CONSCIOUSNESS WHICH CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR PLANE OF EXISTENCE Kāmāvacara 欲界 Sensual plane Rūpāvacara 色界 Fine-material plane Arūpāvacara 無色界 Immaterial plane Lokuttarā 出世間 Supramundane 18
兩種心 TWO TYPES OF CONSCIOUSNESS 1. Cittavīthi 心路過程心 Consciousness in the thoughtprocess 2. Vīthimutta 離心路過程心 Consciousness outside the thoughtprocess 初禪的意門心路過程由一連串不同功能的六種心組成 A MIND-DOOR THOUGHT-PROCESS OF THE FIRST JHĀNA CONSISTS OF A SEQUENCE OF SIX TYPES OF CONSCIOUSNESS EACH WITH DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS 1. Manodvārāva 意門轉向心 Mind-door-adv-rting conscious-ness -jjana (12 個 ) 2. Parikamma 遍作心 A preparatory consciousness (34 個 ) 3. Upacāra 近行心 An access consciousness 4. Anuloma 隨順心 (34 個 ) A conformity consciousness 5. Gotrabhū 種性心 A change-of-lineage consciousness (34 個 ) 6. Jhānajavana-citta 相續不斷一連串的禪那速行心 (34 個 ) An uninterrupted sequence of jhāna impulsion consciousness 初禪的三十四個名法 THE FIRST JHĀNA CONSISTS OF THIRTY-FOUR MENTALITY 1. Viññāṇa 9 識 Consciousness 2. Phassa 10 觸 Contact 3. Vedanā 11 受 Feeling 4~14 Please 第 4 至 14 項請見 4~14 Please re-fer to Thirteenth refer to 十三通一切心所的 Ethically Varia-bles no. 3~13 Aññasamā 第 3 至 13 項 -nacetasika no. 3~13 8 7 7 二禪的前五者於初禪相似, 禪那速行 ( 除尋 伺 ); 三禪的前五者於初禪相似, 禪那速行 ( 除尋 伺 喜 ); 四禪的禪那速行 ( 除尋 伺 喜, 以 捨 取代 樂 ) 8 以白遍為例 9 識 = 擁有 那白遍似相 ( 根據疏鈔所說的 jānanaṁ nāma upaladdhi) 10 觸 = 接觸白遍似相 ( 相 ); 觸 = 把白遍似相和似 連接 起來 ( 作用 ) 11 受 = 體驗白遍似相之可喜 ( 這是初禪的樂受 ) 19
15~33 Please refer to Sobhanacetasika no. 28~46 第 15 至 33 項請見廿五美心所的第 28 至 46 項 15~33 Please refer to Twenty -five Beautiful Factors no. 28~46 34. Paññā 慧根 Wisdom faculty MANODVĀRA VITHI 欲界的善意門心路過程由一連串不同功能的心組成 CAKKHUDVĀRA VITHI 眼門心路過程由一連串不同功能的七種心組成 AN EYE-DOOR THOUGHT-PROCESS CONSISTS OF A SEQUENCE OF SEVEN TYPES OF CONSCIOUSNESS EACH WITH DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS 1. Paññcadvārāvajjana 五門轉向心 Five-door adverting consciousness 2. Cakkhuviññāṇa 眼識 An eye consciousness 3. Sampaṭicchana 領受心 A receiving consciousness 4. Santīraṇa 推度心 An investigating consciousness 5. Voṭṭhapana 確定心 A determining consciousness 6. Javana-citta 速行心 Impulsion consciousness 7. Tadārammaṇa-citta 被所緣心 Registration consciousness 其他 OTHERS Pañcadvāra-vīthi 五門心路過程 Five-door thought-process Manodvāra-vīthi 意門心路過程 Mind-door thought process Kāmāvacara-vīthi 欲界心路過程心 Sensual plane thought-process A WHOLESOME MIND-DOOR THOUGHT-PROCESS OF THE SENSUAL PLANE CONSISTS OF CONSCIOUSNESS EACH WITH DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS Manodvārāvajjana 意門轉向心 Mind-door-adv-rting consciousness Javana-citta 七個速行心 Seven impulsion consciousness Tadārammaṇacitta 兩個被所緣心 Two registration consciousness Kāmāvacara-kusalamanodvāra-vīthi 欲界的善意門心路過程 Wholesome mind-door thoughtprocess of the sensual plane takes place Rūpa-kammaṭṭhāna 名業處 Discernment of materiality Nāma-kammaṭṭhāna 色業處 Discernment of mentality Jhāna-javana-citta 禪那速行心 Absorption impulsion 20
consciousness Cittaniyāma 心法法則 Natural law Yoniso-manasikāra 如理作意 Wise attention ( 從根源作意 ) Ayoniso-manasikāra 不如理作意 ( 不從根源作意 ) Unwise attention 回目錄第六章 : 如何透視緣起的環結 Chapter 6: How to See the Links of Dependent-Origination 1. Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā 2. Saṅkhārapaccayā viññaṇaṁ 3. Viññaṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṁ 4. Nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyata-naṁ 5. Saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso 6. Phassapaccayā vedanā 7. Vedanāpacca-yā taṇhā 8. Taṇhāpaccaya upādānaṁ 9. Upādānapaccayā bhavo 10. Bhavapaccayā jāti 11. Jātipaccayā jarā-maraṇasokaparidevadukkha-domanass' upāyassā sambhavanti PAṬICCASAMUPPĀDA 緣起 ( 第一法 ) DEPENDENT-ORIGINATION (1 st Method) 緣於無明, 行生起 Dependent on ignorance arise kammic formations 緣於行, 識生起 kammic formation conciousness 緣於識, 名色生起 consciousness mind-and-matter 緣於名色, 六處生起 mind-and-matter the six sense bases 緣於六處, 觸生起 the six sense bases contact 緣於觸, 受生起 contac t feeling 緣於受, 愛生起 feeling craving 緣於愛, 取生起 craving clinging 緣於取, 有生起 clinging existence 緣於有, 生生起 existence birth 緣於生, 老 死 愁 birth decay-and-death, 悲 苦 憂 惱生起 sorrow, lamen-tation, pain, grief, and des-pair PAṬICCASAMUPPĀDA 緣起 ( 第五法 ) 21
DEPENDENT-ORIGINATION (5 th Method) 1. Ñāta pariññā 知遍知 Autological knowledge--comprehension of the nature of things 2. Tīraṇa pariññā 度遍知 Analytical knowledge--comprehension of their characteristics, such as anicca (impermanence), dukkha (suffering), anatta (selfless-ness) 3. Pahāna pariñña 斷遍知 Dispelling knowledge--comprehension culminating in their complete and final cessation 三種輪 THREE KINDS OF ROUND Kilesa-vaṭṭa 煩惱輪 Round of defilement Kamma-vaṭṭa 業輪 Round of kamma Vipāka-vaṭṭa 果輪 Round of results 臨死速行心的對相 OBJECT OF NEAR DEATH IMPULSION CONSCIOUSNESS Kamma 業 Action Kamma-nimitta 業相 Kamma sign Gati-nimitta 趣相 Rebirth sign 其他 OTHERS Cetanā 思 Intention Kusala-cetanā 善思 Wholesome intention Paṭisandhi-citta 結生識 Rebirth-linking consciousness Maraṇāsannajavana-citta 臨死速行心 Near death impulsion consciousness Arahatta-magga 阿羅漢道 Attainment of the Arahant path 第七章 : 如何培育觀智以透視涅槃 Chapter 7: How to Develop the Insight-Knowledges to See Nibbāna CHA VATTHæ 六依處 THE SIX BASES 1. Cakkhu-vathū 眼依處 Eye base 2. Sota-vathū 耳依處 Ear base 3. Ghāna-vathū 鼻依處 Nose base 4. Jivhā-vathū 舌依處 Tongue base 22
5. Kāya-vathū 身依處 Body base 6. Viññāṇa-vathū 識依處 Mind base PAÑCA KHANDHA 五蘊 THE FIVE AGGREGATES Rūpa 色 Materiality Vedanā 受 Feeling Sañña 想 Perception Saṅkhāra 行 Volition Viññāṇa 識 Consciousness 十一種受及想 THE ELEVEN TYPES OF FEELING AND PERCEPTION 1. Atīta 過去 Past 2. Anāgata 現在 Present 3. Paccuppanna 未來 Future 4. Ajjhatta 內 Internal 5. Bahīddha 外 External 6. Olārīka 粗 Gross 7. Sukhuma 細 Subtle 8. Hīna 劣 Inferior 9. Paṇita 勝 Superior 10. Dūra 近 Near 11. Santika 遠 far CHA DVĀRA 六門 THE SIX DOORS 1. Cakkhu-dvāra 眼門 Eye door 2. Sota-dvāra 耳門 Ear door 3. Ghāna-dvāra 鼻門 Nose door 4. Jivhā-dvāra 舌門 Tongue door 5. Kāya-dvāra 身門 Body door 6. Viññāṇa-dvāra 意門 Mind door CHA RAMMAṆA 六所緣 ( 六塵 ) THE SIX OBJECTS 1. Rūpārammaṇa 顏色所緣 (= 色 ) Visible form 2. Saddārammaṇa 聲所緣 (= 聲 ) Sound 23
3. Gandhārammaṇa 香所緣 (= 香 ) Smell 4. Rasārammaṇa 味所緣 (= 味 ) Taste 5. Phoṭṭhabbārammaṇa 觸所緣 (= 觸 ) Tangible 6. Dhammārammaṇa 法所緣 (= 法 ) Mental-object CHA VIÑÑĀṆA 六識 THE SIX CONSCIOUSNESS 1. Cakkhu-viññāṇa 眼識 Eye consciousness 2. Sota- viññāṇa 耳識 Ear consciousness 3. Ghāna- viññāṇa 鼻識 Nose consciousness 4. Jivhā- viññāṇa 舌識 Tongue consciousness 5. Kāya- viññāṇa 身識 Body consciousness 6. Mano- viññāṇa 意識 Mind consciousness DVĀDA ĀYATANA 十二處 THE TWELVE SENSE BASES 1. Cakkhāyatana 眼處 Eye base 2. Sotāyatana 耳處 Ear base 3.Ghānayatana 鼻處 Nose base 4. Jivhāyatana 舌處 Tongue base 5. Kāyāyatana 身處 Body base 6. Manāyatana 意處 Mind base 7. Rūpāyatana 顏色處 Visible form base 8. Saddayatana 聲處 Sound base 9. Gandhāyatana 香處 Smell base 10. Rasāyatana 味處 Taste base 11. Phoṭṭhabbāyatana 觸處 Tangible base 12. Dhammāyatana 法處 Mental-object base AṬṬHĀRASA DHĀTU 十八界 THE EIGHTEENTH ELEMENTS 1. Cakkhu-dhātu 眼界 Eye element 2. Sota-dhātu 耳界 Ear element 3. Ghāna-dhātu 鼻界 Nose element 4. Jivha-dhātu 舌界 Tongue element 5. Kāya-dhātu 身界 Body element 6. Rūpa-dhātu 顏色界 Visible form element 7. Sadda-dhātu 聲界 Sound element 24
8. Gandha-dhātu 香界 Smell element 9. Rasa-dhātu 味界 Taste element 10. Poṭṭhabba-dhātu 觸界 Tangible element 11.Cakkhuviññāṇa-dhātu 眼識界 Eye consciousness element 12. Sota-dhātu 耳識界 Ear consciousness element 13. Ghāna-dhātu 鼻識界 Nose consciousness element 14. Jivhā-dhātu 舌識界 Tongue consciousness element 15. Kāya-dhātu 身識界 Body consciousness element 16. Mona-dhātu 意界 Mind element 17. Dhamma-dhātu 法界 Mental-object element 18. Manoviññāṇa-dhātu 意識界 Mind-conscious-ness element 四個方法闡明究竟法的本質 THE FOUR WAYS TO ELUCIDATE THE NATURE OF ULTIMATE REALITY 1. Lakkhaṇa 相 特相 特徵 Its characteristic 2. Rasa 作用 ( 味 ) Its function 3. Paccupaṭṭhāna 現起 現狀 Its manifestation 4. Padaṭṭhāna 近因 ( 足處 ) Its proximate cause 七清淨 THE SEVEN STAGES OF PURIFICATION 1. Sīla-visuddhi 戒清淨 Purification of Virtue 2. Citta-v. 心清淨 Purification ofmind 3. Diṭṭhi-v. 見清淨 Purification of View 4. Kaṅkhāvitaraṇa-v. 度疑清淨 Purification by Overcoming doubt 5. Maggāmaggañāṇaadassana-v. 道非道智見清淨 The Purification by Knowledge and Vision of What is and What is not Path The Purification by Vision of the Way 6. Paṭipadañāṇa- 行道智見清淨 dassana-v. 7. Ñāṇadassana-v. 智見清淨 The Purification by and Vision 十六觀智 THE SIXTEEN INSIGHT-KNOWLEDGES 1.Nāmarūpa-paricchedañāṇa 名色識別智 The Knowledge of Analysing Mentality-and-Materiality 2.Paccaya-pariggaha-ñāṇa 緣攝受智 Discerning Cause and Condition 3. Sammasana-ñāṇa 思惟智 Comprehension 4. Udayabbaya-ñāṇa 生滅隨觀智 Arising and Passing-away 5. Bhaṅga-ñāṇa 壞滅隨觀智 Dissolution 25
6. Bhaya-ñāṇa 怖畏現起智 Terror 7. Ādīnava-ñāṇa 過患隨觀智 Danger 8. Nibbidā-ñāṇa 厭離隨觀智 Disenchantment 9. Muñcitukamyatā-ñāṇa 欲解脫智 Desire for Deliverance 10. Paṭisaṅkhā-ñāṇa 審察隨觀智 Reflection 11.Saṅkhārupekkhā-ñāṇa 行捨智 Equanimity Toward Forma-tions 12. Anuloma-ñāṇa 隨順智 Conformity 13. Gotrabhu-ñāṇa 種性智 Change-of-lineage 14. Magga-ñāṇa 道智 The Path Knowledge 15. Phala-ñāṇa 果智 The Fruition Knowledge 16.Paccavekkhaṇa-ñāṇa 省察智 Reviewing Knowledge CATTĀRĪSĀKĀRAANUPASSANĀ 四十種思惟法 THE FORTY PERCEPTIONS 無常組有十個 to There are ten ßtoû in the impermanence group 1. Aniccato 無常 Impermanent 2. Palokato 毀 Disintegrating 3. Calato 動 Fickle 4. Pabhaṅguto 壞 Perishable 5. Addhuvato 不恆 Unenduring 6.Vipariṇāma-dhammato 變易法 Subject to change 7. Asārakato 不實 Having no core 8. Vibhavato 無有 Subject to annihilation 9. Maraṇadhammato 死法 Subject to death 10. Saṅkhatato 有為 Formed 苦組有廿五個 -to There are twenty-five ß-toû in the suffering group 1. Dukkhato 苦 Suffering 2. Rogato 病 A disease 3. Aghato 惡 A calamity 4. Gaṇḍato 癰 瘡 A boil 5. Sallato 箭 A dart 6. Ābādhato 疾 An affliction 7. Upaddavato 禍 A disaster 8. Bhayato 怖畏 A terror 9. Ītito 難 A plague 10. Upassaggato 災 A menace 11. Atāṇato 非保護所 No protection 12. Aleṇato 非避難所 No shelter 26
13. Asaraṇato 非皈依處 No refuge 14. Vadhakato 殺戮者 Murderous 15. Aghamūlato 惡之根 The root of calamity 16. Ādīnavato 患 A danger 17. Sāsavato 有漏 Subject to taints 18. Mārāmisato 魔餌 Māra's bait 19. Jātidhammato 生法 Subject to birth 20. Jarādhammato 老法 Subject to aging 21. Byādhidhammato 病法 Subject to illness 22. Sokadhammato 愁法 Cause of sorrow 23. Paridevadhammato 悲法 Cause of lamentation 24. Upāyāsadhammato 惱法 Cause of despair 25. Saṁkilesadhammato 雜染法 Subject to defilement 無我組有五個 -to There are five ßtoû in the non-self group 1. Anattato 無我 Non-self 2. Suññato 空 Void 3. Parato 敵 Independent 4. Rittato 無 Empty 5. Tucchato 虛 Vain DASA-UPAKKILESA 十種隨煩惱 THE TEN IMPERFECTIONS OF INSIGHT 1. Obhāsa 光明 Light 2. Ñāṇa 智 Insight 3. Pīti 喜 Joy 4. Passaddhi 清安 Tranquillity 5. Sukha 樂 Bliss 6. Adhimokkha 勝解 Confidence 7. Paggaha 策勵 Effort 8. Upaṭṭhāna 現起 Mindfulness 9. Upekkhā 捨 Equanimity 10. Nikanti 欲 Attachment 回目錄 參考資料 1. 智慧之光 ; 譯者 : 淨法比丘等 2. 如實知見 ; 中譯者 : 第子合譯 27
3. 菩提資糧 ; 中譯者 : 第子合譯 4. 正念之道 ; 中譯者 : 第子合譯 5. 去塵除垢 ; 中譯者 : 尋法比丘 6. 禪修基本須知 ; 整理者 : 開恩法師 7. 阿毗達摩概要精解 ; 中譯者 : 尋法比丘 8. 緣起-- 第五法 中譯者 : 尋法比丘 9. Knowing and Seing ( 如實知見 ) 英語講述者 : 帕奧禪師 10. A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma ( 阿毗達摩概要精解 ); 著者 :Bhikkhu Bodhi ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 回目錄 帕奧修程之巴 ~ 中 ~ 英文對照補充 Visuddhimagga 清淨道論 The Path of Purification bhante 尊者 venerable kamma-tthana 業處 meditation object anapana-sati 安般念 ( 出入息念 )mindfulness-of-breathing assāsa-passāsa 息 breath parimukkha 人中 ( 及上唇 )upper lip nāsāpuṭa 鼻孔 nostrils sati 覺知 aware sabhava-lakkhana 自性相 individual characteristics samabba-lakkhana 共相 general characteristics anicca 無常 impermanent dukkha 苦 suffering anattta 無我 non-self lakkhaṇa 特徵 ( 特相 ) characteristics paññatti 觀念 施設 概念 假名 concept nīvaraṇa 五蓋 five hindrances kāmacchanda 貪欲 sensual desire byāpāda(=vyāpāda) 瞋恨 ill-will thina-middha 昏沉睡眠 sloth and torpor kukkucca 後悔 remorse uddhacca 掉舉 Restless 妄念 agitated vicikicchā 懷疑 doubt pañcindriyā 五根 five controlling faculties saddha 信 faith vīriya 精進 ( 英雄本色 vīranaṁ bhavo) effort sati 念 mindfulness 28
samādhi 定 concentration paññā 慧 wisdom satta bojjhaṅga 七覺支 SEVEN FACTORS OF ENLIGHTENMENT sati 念 mindfulness dhammavicaya 擇法 investigation viriya 精進 ( 英雄本色 vīranaṁ bhavo) effort piti 喜 joy passadhi 輕安 tranquillity samādhi 定 concentration upekkha 捨 ( 平等 旁觀 )equanimity nimitta 相 ( 禪相 ) sign parikamma 遍作 ( 預備 ) preparatory uggaha-nimitta 取相 taken-up sign(learning sign) patibhaga-nimitta 似相 counterpart sign upacara-samādhi 近行 access concentration appana-samādhi 安止 absorption. concentration bhavavga 有分 life-continuum jhana 禪那 concentration jhanavga 禪支 JHĀNAS FACTORS pañca 五 five vitakka 尋 ( 專注於目標 )applied thought vicara 伺 ( 繼續專注於目標 )sustained thought piti 喜 ( 對 似相 的喜悅,屬於行蘊 ) joy sukha 樂 ( 樂受或體驗 似相 的快樂感受,屬於受蘊 )bliss ekaggata 一境性 ( 對 似相 的心的專一 )one-pointedness paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ 初禪 first jhana( 尋 伺 喜 樂 一境性 ) dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ 第二禪 second jhana( 喜 樂 一境性 ) tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ 第三禪 third jhana( 樂 一境性 ) catutthaṁ jhānaṁ 第四禪 forth jhana( 一境性 捨 upekkhā) pañca vasi 五自在 (five) mastery samapajjana vasi 入定自在 attaining( 有能力隨心所欲地在任何時候入定 ) adhitthana vasi 住定 ( 決意 ) 自在 resolving( 有能力決定入禪的時間多久 ) vutthana vasi 出定自在 emerging( 有能力依照自己決定的時刻出定 ) 29
avajjana vasi 轉向自在 adverting( 有能力在出定後以意門轉向心去省察禪支 ) paccavekkhana vasi 省察自在 reviewing( 有能力以速行心去省察禪支 ) CATTĀRO MAHĀBHŪTĀ 四大 ( 界 ) 分別觀 four element dhātu 界 element paṭhavi 地 Earth āpo 水 water tejo 火 fire vāyo 風 wind lakkhaṇa 特相 characteristics 1) kakkhalaṁ 硬 hardness 2) pharusaṁ 粗 roughness 3) garukaṁ 重 heaviness 4) mudukaṁ 軟 softness 5) saṇhaṁ 滑 smoothness 6) lahukaṁ 輕 lightness 7) paggharaṇa 流動 flowing 8) abandhana 黏結 cohesion 9) uṇha 熱 heat 10) sīta 冷 coldness 11) vitthambhana 支持 supporting 12) samudiraṇa 推動 pushing anupubbato 次第 in order nātisīghato 不太快 not too fast nātisaṇikato 不太慢 not too slow vikkhepapaṭibāhanato kasina 遍 ( 整遍 ) lokiya-jhana 世間禪 mundane lokuttara-jhana 出世間禪 supramundane jhanas rupa-jhana 色界禪 fine-material jhanas arupa-jhana 無色界禪 immaterial jhanas paramattha 勝義 ( 第一義 )ultimate mentality-materiality samatha 奢摩他 ( 止 ) tranquillity vipassana 觀 ( 毗婆舍那 ) insight knowledge rupa kammaṭṭhāna 色業處 rupa 色 ( 物質 ) materiality 30
kalapa 色聚 atom ghana 密集 continuity santati 相續 compactness samūha 組合 group kicca 功用 function pasāda 淨色 transparent element cakkhu 眼 eye sota 耳 ear ghāna 鼻 nose jivhā 舌 tongue kāya 身 body vaṇṇa 顏色 Colour gandho 香 odour raso 味 taste ojā 食素 nutritive-essence jīvita 命根 life-faculty dasaka 第十 tenth decad-kalāpa 十法聚 bhāva 性根 sex cittaja-ojaṭṭhamaka-kalāpa 心生 ( 由心產生 ) 食素八法聚 nutritive-essence octad kalāpa(opaque and produced by consciousness) utuja-ojaṭṭhamaka-kalāpa 時節生 ( 由時節產生 ) 食素八法聚 opaque and produced by temperature) āhāraja 食生 produced by nutriment nama 名 ( 精神 ) mental cetasika 心所 mental factor hadaya-vatthu(hadaya-rūpa) 心所依處 heart-base mano-dvāravīthi 意門心路 mind-door-thought-process mano-dvārāvajjana 意門轉向心 mind-door adverting consciousness votthapanacitta 確定心 determining consciousness phala-citta 果心 fruition consciousness vipassanā-ñāṇa 觀智 insight-knowledges magga-bana 道智 path knowledge dasa parami 十波羅蜜 ten parami 1 dāna 布施 giving 31
2 sīla 持戒 morality 3 nekkhamma 出離 ( 出離欲望 ) forsaking, giving up the world 4 paññā 智慧 ( 聞. 思. 修慧 )wisdom 5 vīriya 精進 ( 英雄本色 vīranaṁ bhavo) effort 6 khanti 忍辱 patience 7 sacca 真實 ( 不妄語 ) true 8 adhiṭṭhāna 決意 ( 不動搖己意 )determination, resolution 9 metta 慈 ( 增益眾生安樂 )loving-kindness 10 upekkha 捨 ( 平等心 旁觀 ) equanity, indifference tisso sikkha 三學 three training sila-sikkha 戒學 training of virtuous samādhi 定學 training of concentration pabba-sikkha 慧學 training of wisdom ariya-aṭṭhaṅgika magga 聖八正道 noble eightfold path sammādiṭṭhi 正見 right view, sammāsaṅkappa 正思惟 right thought, sammāvāca 正語 right speech sammākammanta 正業 right action sammā-ājīva 正命 right livelihood sammāvāyāma 正精進 right effort sammāsati 正念 right mindfulness, sammāsamādhi 正定 right concentration jāti 生 birth jarā 老 ageing gilāna 病 sickness maraṇa 死 death samsara 輪迴 round of rebirths nirodha-samapatti 滅盡定 attainment of cessation 三顛倒 three vipallasa (hallucination, delusion, erroneous observation) sañña-vipallasa 想顛倒 delusion of perception (1) 以無常為常 it perceives impermanence as permanence. (2) 以不淨為淨 Impurity as purity (3) 以不好為好 ill as good (4) 以無我為我 no-soul as soul. 32
citta-vipallasa 心顛倒 delusion of thought diṭṭhi-vipallassa 見顛倒 delusion of views three maññanā 三思惟 ( 思量 ) [fantasy,imagination,feigning to oneself that one is what one is not] 1. taṇhā-maññanā 渴愛思惟 fantasy by lust [ desire of the senses ] 2. māna-maññanā 慢思惟 fantasy by conceit. 3. diṭṭhi-maññanā 邪見思惟 fantasy by error [in beliefs ] two abhinivesa 二執持 [ strong belief set in the mind as stone pillars] 1. taṇhābhinivesa 渴愛執持 firm belief induced by lust. 2. diṭṭhibhinivesa 渴愛執持 firm belief induced by error. two bhumi 二地 [stages, where all creatures find their footing, generate and grow] puthujjana-bhūmi 凡夫地 ordinary being, with diṭṭhi-vipallassa[erroneous view ] ariya-bhūmi 聖地 noble one, knows right view, right apprehension and right understanding. 二諦 two truth sammuti-sacca 世俗諦 conventional or relative truth paramattha-sacca 勝義諦 ultimate truth. the opposite to delusion. ti-ñāṇa 三慧 three knowledge 1.sutamaya-ñāṇa 聞所成慧 knowledge aquired by learning. 2. cintamaya-ñāṇan 思所成慧 knowledge aquired by reasoning. 3.bhāvanāmaya-ñāṇa 修所成慧 knowledge aquired by contemplation. 三遍知 three pariññā [ profound knowledge.] 1. ñāta pariññā 知遍知 [autological knowledge] 由於名色分別智與緣攝受智, 能夠清楚 明顯及正確知道作為觀禪目標的諸法, 此二者亦名為 知遍知 2. tīrāna pariññā 審察遍知 ( 度遍知 )[analytical knowledge] 思惟智 和 生滅隨觀智 的作用是審察與辨明一切名色法及其諸因的無常 苦與無我三相 此二智亦被稱為 審察遍知 3. pahāna pariññā 斷遍知 [dispelling knowledge] 從 壞滅隨觀智 (bhaṅga ñāṇa) 開始的觀智, 只看到一切名色法及其諸因的壞滅, 和這些法的無常 苦與無我三相 由於應斷的煩惱於此暫時受到觀智斷除, 所以它們亦名為 斷遍知 33
回目錄 34