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9 ISSN 1996-1758

iv v vi vii ix xii xix xx I II III

FAO Delgado 1999Livestock Revolution GAP FAO FAO IFIF Samuel Jutzi FAO

IFIF IFIFFAO WTOSTDF 5 Fred Stephens IFIF 20022008 Dave Cieslak IFIF 2008

IFIF FAOIFIF FAO IFIF Sindiracoes Ariovaldo ZanniFlavia Ferreira de CastroAngela Pellegrino Missaglia Dario RighiAFIA Richard Sellers Dave Bossman CFIA Honjie Yang FEFAC Alexander Doring AFMA DeWitt Boshoff A&M Tim Herrman George KauProvimi Karine Tanan Potash IFIF Steve Auman IFIF Roger Gilbert FAO 2007 FAO STDFOIE WHO WTO

120 25 2.5 8000 6.2 850 HACCP

2004 I II III IFIFFAO FAO STDFOIEWHO WTO

Chemical residues 1 Competent authority Competent body Competent person Contaminant Critical limit Exposure assessment FeedFeedingstuff Feed ingredient 3 Contamination (CCPCritical control point Feed additive 3 (GHPGood Hygienic Practices)

(GMP, Good Manufacturing Practice) HACCP, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points Hazard Hazard identification Codex Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) for veterinary drugs mg/kg g/kg (Medicated feed) 1 Pesticide 2 Hazard characterization 2 MRLMaximum Residue Limit for pesticide mg/kg GAP Quality Assurance QA Quality Assurance system Risk analysisqa Quality Assurance 2 FAO/WHO. 2007. Codex Alimentarius principles for risk analysis, (Procedural Manual of the Codex Alimentarius Commission), Seventeenth Edition. Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme. Rome. (available at http://www.codexalimentarius.net/web/procedural_manual.jsp) 3 FAO/WHO. 2004. Code of practice on good animal feeding (CAC/RCP 54 2004). Rome. (available at http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/10080/cxc_054_2004e.pdf)

Risk assessment (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 2 Risk assessment policy 2 Risk characterization 2 Risk communication 2 Risk estimate Safe for human consumption Traceability/Product tracing Undesirable substances 3 Veterinary drug 2 Risk management 2 Risk profile 2

(Ambient temperature) Applicant Aspirate (to)) Attrition Baffle Balanced (Block (to) 1kg 2 7kg 240kg15 500 Brick 1kg 2 By-product Cake (Can (to) Base Mix Carry-over (Blend (to)) Carrier

(Check (to)) (Chip (to)) Chop (to) Concentrate Condensation Clean (to) Condense (to)) Condition (to)) Clip (to)) Code of Practice Control measure Combustion Commercial feed Complete feed Convection Cook (to)) Cool (to)) Corrective action

Crack (to)) (Crimp (to)) Cross-contamination Crumble (to)) Crumbles roll Cube Cube, Range Cut chop Damper Degree day 18.31 (65 ) Dehull (to)) Density Density factor Diet Diluent Dress (to)) Drug Dry (to)) Evaporate (to)) Expand (to)) Dehydrate (to)) Extract (to))

Extrude (to)) Fan Feed mixture Feed safety assurance Feedingstuff Fines Flake roll Flakes Flour Food Formula feed Free choice Gas Gelatinize (to)) Grind (to)) Heat-process (to)) Homogenize (to)) Hopper (Humidityabsolute) g/cm3 / 3 Humidity, relative Hydrolyze (to)) Kibble (to))

Mash ph ph Meal Pop (to)) Micro-ingredients Mill run Premix Press (to)) Mix (to)) Pallet Palletize (to)) Primary feed 45.5 kg 100 ) Processing aid Pearl (to)) Product Pellet (to)) Pellet, soft Production Puff (to))

Pulverize grind Quality control Roll (to)) Scalp (to)) Radiation Scour clip Range cube Ration 24 Record Returns - - - - - Scratch Screen (to)) Secondary feed Self fed Separate (to)) Separation, magnetic Sift (to)) Site

Solubles Specific gravity 1.0 Supplier Temperature/Dew-point 100% Spray dehydrate Standard air 21.11 70 760mmHg torr29.92 1.2041 kg/m3 (0.075 / ) 1013.25 Toast (to)) Trace Minerals mg/kg Vacuum Standard atmosphere 1atm 2068 Standard conditions 2068 101.325 kpa (14.696 psi) 52% Vitamins Wafer (to)) (Steam (to)) Supplement Wet-mill (to)) Wet-render (to))

Biscuit Groats Chaff Dust Feed additive Grain Grits Hull Protein Raw material Waste - - - -

AAA Animal Agricultural Alliance AIC Agricultural Industry Confederation, UK AAFCO Association of American Feed Control AID Agency for International Development Officials (US State Department), USA AAS Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AKEFEMA Association of Kenya Feed Manufacturers ADI Average Daily Intakes ALOP Appropriate Level of Protection AFBF American Farm Bureau Federation ANAC Animal Nutrition Association of Canada AFDO American Food and Drug Officials AOAC Association of Official Analytical Chemists, USA AFIA American Feed Industry Association, USA APFACA Association Professionnelle des Fabricants d'aliments Composés pour AFMA Animal Feed Manufacturers Association, Animaux / Beroepsvereniging van de South Africa Mengvoederfabrikanten, Belgium AFPWTC The Association of Feed Producers, APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Warehouse-keepers and Trade Service, USA Companies, Slovakia. APPI Animal Protein Producers Industry AFRIS Animal Feed Resources Information System APWMC Animal and Poultry Waste Management AHI Animal Health Institute Center

AQLs Acceptance Quality Levels CMSO_ZZN Ceskomoravské sdružen? organizací zemedelského zásobování a nákupu, Czech Republic ARPAS American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists COCERAL European Committee of the Cereal and Animal Feed Trade ASSALZOO Feed Manufacturers Association, Italy CONAFAB Mexican Feed Manufacturers BSE Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Association CCMAS Codex Committee on Methods of COOL Country-of-Origin Labeling Analysis and Sampling CEN CESFAC CDC European Committee for Standardization Feed Manufacturers Association, Spain Centers for Disease Control and COPA/COGECA Committee of Agricultural Organisations within the European Union/General (Confederation of Agricultural Co-operatives in the European Union) Prevention CREES Cooperative Research Education and Extension Service (USDA) CFA Cyprus Association of Feed Manufacturers CRM Certified Reference Material CFIA Canadian Food Inspection Agency CV-AAS Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry CFIA China Feed Industry Association CWA Clean Water Act DAKOFO Feed Manufacturers Association, Denmark

DDGS Dried Distillers' Grains with Solubles EU European Union DFM Direct-Fed Microbials FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations DGS Distillers' Grains with Solubles FASS Federation of Animal Science Societies DVT Deutscher Verband Tiernahrung ev, Germany FCI Facility Certification Institute ECD Electron Capture Detection FDA Food and Drug Administration, USA EFMC ELISA European Feed Manufactures Guide Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay FEEDLATINA Latin American and Caribbean Feed Industry Association FEDIAF European Pet Food Industry Federation EMFEMA European Manufacturers Association of Feed Mineral Materials FEFAC European Feed Manufacturers Federation (Federation Européenne des Fabricants d'aliments Composés) EPA Environmental Protection Agency FEFANA EU Feed Additives and Premixtures EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act Association FFDCA Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act EPIC Emergency Prevention and Intelligence Centre FFDIF Feed Manufacturers Association, Finland EC European Community

FIFANA European Ingredient Manufacturers GOARN Global Outbreak Alert and Response Association Network FML Feed Feedmill License GPVD Good Practices in the Use of Veterinary Drugs FMT Feed Manufacturing Technology GRAS Generally Recognised as Safe FS Fõ reningen Foder och Spanmal, Sweden GVP Good Veterinary Practices FTAA Free Trade Agreement of the Americas GZS Gospodarrska Zbornica Slovenije, GAP Good Agricultural Practices Slovenia GC/HR-MS Gas Chromatography High Resolution HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Mass Spectrometry Point GF-AAS Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption HAZCOM Hazard Communication Act Spectrometry GFMA Ghana Feed Millers Association HG-AAS Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry GHP Good Hygienic Practices HHS United States Department of Health and Human Services GMO Genetically Modified Organism HPLC High Performance Liquid GMP Good Manufacturing Practices Chromatography

IACA Feed Manufacturers Association, LC MS Liquid Chromatography Mass Portugal Spectronomy ICP-AES Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic LD50 Lethal Dose 50 Percent Emission Spectrometry LGPA Lithuanian Grain Processors Association, IGFA Irish Grain & Feed Association Lithuania IFIF International Feed Industry Federation LQ Limiting quantity IFIS International Feed Ingredients Standard JEFCA Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives FAO/WHO IFSA International Feed Safety Alliance JEMRA Joint Expert Meetings on INFOSAN International Food Safety Authorities Microbiological Risk Assessment Network JMPR Joint FAO/WHO Meetings on Pesticide ISO International Standards Organisation Residues FAO/WHO IPM Integrated Pest Management MPC Milk Protein Concentrates IZP IZBA Gospodarcza, Poland MPL Maximum Permissible Level LANTMANNEN Svenska Lantmännen, Sweden Svenska Lantmännen MRA Microbiological Risk Assessment LC DAD Liquid Chromatography with Diode MRL Maximum Residue Limits Array Detector

MS Mass Spectronomy NRA National Renderers Association MSBC Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Complex NRC National Research Council, USA (Vitamin K) K NZFMA New Zealand Feed Manufacturers MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets Association MSQA Meat Safety Quality Assurance System OIE World Organisation for Animal Health MUMS Minor Use/Minor Species OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration NACA Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific OTC Over-the-counter NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl NCBA National Cattlemen's Beef Association PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction NCC National Chicken Council PDI Pellet Durability Index NEVEDI Nederlandse Vereniging PEL Permissible Exposure Limits Diervoederindustrie, The Netherlands PFI Pet Food Institute, USA NFI National Fisheries Institute PM-2.5 Particulate Matter of 2.5 Micra NGFA National Grain and Feed Association 2.5Micra

PM-10 Particulate Matter of 10 Micra SNIA Syndicat National des Industriels de la 10Mucra Nutrition Animale, France PPE Personal Protective Equipment SPCC Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure PPP Pollution Prevention Plan SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary (Agreement) PQA Pork Quality Assurance Programme SRM Specified Risk Material PT Proficiency Testing STDF Standards and Trade Development QA Quality Assurance Agency QC Quality Control SWPPP Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan QMS Quality Management System TAFMA Tanzania Animal Feed Manufacturers Association RUPP Restricted Use Protein Products TBT Technical Barriers to Trade (Agreement) SEVIZ Hellenic Feed Industry Association, Greece TDI Tolerable Daily Intake SFMCA Stock Feed Manufacturers' Council of TEF Toxicity Equivalence Factor Australia TEQ Toxic Equivalencies (Dioxin) SINDIRAÇÖES Brazilian Feed Industry Association

TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load TQM Total Quality Management TRI Toxic Release Inventory TRQ Tariff Rate Quota TSP Total Suspended Particulate UPA Uganda Poultry Association VFD Veterinary Feed Directive VFÖ Fachverband der Futtermittelindustrie Österreichs, Austria WHO World Health Organisation WRO World Renderers Organisation WTO World Trade Organisation

1 1

3 (i) BSE (ii) (iii) PCBs (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (i) (ii) (iii) DGSDDG 1999 toxicity equivalence factor, TEF Van Eijkeren 2006

4 B1 B1 A B1 T-2 HT-2 B1 B1 M1 B1 A DOM1 B1 DDGS 1. NRC. 2005. Mineral tolerance of animals. Washington DC, National Research Council

5 1 GPVD OIE, 2007 DDGS Panter and James, 1990: James et al. 1994; Riet-Correa and Medeiros, 2009 MRL ADI

6 James L.F., Panter K.E., Molyneux R.J., Stegelmeier B.L. and Wagstaff D.J. 1994. Plant toxicants in milk, In S.M. Colegate and P.R Dorling. eds. Plant associated toxins, p.83-88. Wallingford, UK, CAB International; OIE. 2007. Appendix 3.9.3. Guidelines for the responsible and prudent use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine. Terrestrial Animal Health Code, Sixteenth Edition, pp. 549 556; Panter K.E. and James L.F. 1990. Natural plant toxicants in milk: a review. J. Anim. Sci., 68:892 904; Riet-Correa, F and Medeiros, R.M.T. 2001. Intoxicaçoes por plantas em ruminantes no Brasil e no Uruguai: importância econômica, controle e riscos para a saúde pública pública, Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 21(1); Van Eijkeren, J.C.H., Zeilmaker, M.J., Kan, C.A., Traag, W.A. and Hoogenboom, L.A.P. 2006, A toxicokinetic model for the carry-over of dioxins and PCBs from feed and soil to eggs Food Additives and Contaminants, 23(5): 509 517.

2, GMPsHACCP 1 2

3 4 5 6

7 8 9BSE (CAC/RCP 54 2004). 1 Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point, as defined in the Annex to the Recommended International Code of Practice on General Principles of Food Hygiene (CAC/ RCP 1-1969). 2 Procedural Manual of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. 3 Whether and how to label animal feed and feed ingredients derived from modern biotechnology awaits developments on food labelling, being considered by the Codex Committee on Food Labelling. 4 Development of detailed measures on traceability/product tracing should take into the account: Principles for Traceability/ Product Tracing as a tool within a Food Inspection and Certification System (CAC-GL 60-2006). 5 Principles for Food Import and Export Inspection and Certification (CAC/GL 20-1995). 6 Guidelines for the Design, Operation, Assessment and Accreditation of Food Import and Export Inspection and Certification Systems (CAC/GL 26-1997). 7 CAC/RCP 38-1993. 8 WHO. 2000. Global Principles for the Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance in Animals Intended for Food,June 2000, Geneva, Switzerland. 9 Joint WHO/FAO/OIE Technical Consultation on BSE: public health, animal health and trade, OIE Headquarters, Paris, 11 14 June 2001.

10 Good Agricultural Practices GAP Good Manufacturing PracticesGMP HACCP 5 6 1 TSE CAC/RCP 58-2005 12 3 2 (CAC/RCP 57-2004)

11 7 3 (CAC/RCP 15-1976) 4 1 2 CAC/GL 60-2006 1 2

12 5 1 ( ) CAC/GL 60-2006 1 4 5

13 6 (CAC/GL 19-1995) 6 7 8 7 1 (CAC/GL 26-1997) 1

14 8 HACCP 1 HACCP (CAC/GL 26-1997) 1 HACCP - (CAC/RCP 1-1969) 9 11 MRLs http://www.codexalimentarius.net/ mrls/vetdrugs/jsp/vetd_q-e.jsp. 9 GPVD, 10

15 10 MRLVD mg/kg g/ kg ADI ADI 11 - - - - - - - Codex Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain Antimicrobial Resistance (CAC/ RCP 61-2005)

3,, (GMPs), HACCP,,, (GMPs), HACCPP, :

WHO/FAO/OIE BSE OIE 2001 6 11-14 5 CAC/RCP 54-2004 38. 39. 5.3 40. 5.4 41. 42. 43. 44. 5.5 45. 46. 47. 5.6 48. ( ) ( ) 49. 5.7 50. 4.3 CAP/RCP54-2004

19 HACCP GAPs GMPs HACCP HACCP GMP HACCP GMPs GMP

20 WHO WHO2006

21 2. WHO

22 12 12 540 lux 220 lux 110 lux HACCP HACCP

25 HACCP CAC/RCP 1-1969, Rev. 4-2003 13 HACCP 15 612 HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP 13 HACCP HACCP 1. HACCP 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1 7. 2 CCPs 8. 3 9. 4 10. 5 11. 6 12. 7 : CAC/RCP 1-1969, Rev 4 (2003) HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP

26 1. HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP 2001 HACCP 70 HACCP

27 1 HACCP 3 HACCP CCP HACCP ( 2) CCPs HACCP HACCP 4 HACCP HACCP HACCP 5 HACCP 6 HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP CCP 6

28 HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP 7 HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP HACCP CCP HACCP HACCP HACCP GMPs HACCP

29 6 6 HACCP

30 HACCP HACCP

32 AFIA. 2005. Feed Manufacturing Technology; Behnke, K. C. 2005. Mixing and uniformity issues in ruminant diets, 2005 Penn State Dairy Cattle Nutrition Workshop; Bellaver, C., Nones, K., 2000. A importância da granulometria, da mistura e da peletizaçao da raçao avícola in IV Simpósio Goiano de Avicultura, 27/4/2000, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Bichara, R., 2007. Gestao da qualidade e da segurança na fábrica in Congresso Internacional sobre Nutriçao Animal e Alimentos Seguros, CBNA, 12 a 14 de setembro de 2007, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Boloh, Y., Gill, C., 2006. Measuring cross contamination in feed manufacturing, Feed International, April 2006, pages 28-29; EC 1996. Council Directive 96/25/EC. 1996. On the circulation and use of feed materials; EC-ASEAN. 2005. Guidelines on HACCP, GMP and GHP for ASEAN Food SMEs; EC 183/2005. 2005. Regulation of he European Parliament and of the Council laying down requirements for feed hygiene; EFMC. 2007. European feed manufacturers guide, FEFAC; FAMI QS. 2006. Code of Practice, version 4, 20 October; FAMI QS. 2006. Annexes to FAMI QS Code of Practice, version 4, 20 October; FAO. 2003. Recommended International Code of Practices of Food Hygiene, CAC/RCP 1-1969, Rev 4; FAO. 1998. Food quality and safety systems A training manual on food hygiene and the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system; GLOBALG.A.P., 2005. Integrated Farm Assurance, Compound Feed Manufacturer Module, version 1.0, Dec-05; ISO 22000:2005.2005. Food safety management systems Requirements for any organization in the food chain; ISO 19011:2002. 2002. Guidelines for quality and/or environmental management systems auditing; Harner, J.P., et al. 1996. Avoiding drug carry over during feed processing and delivery at www. oznet. ksu.edu; Herrman T. J. 1997. Quality assurance for on farm feed manufacturing at www.oznet.ksu.edu; Herrman, T. 2002. Micro-Ingredient Optimization: Particle Size and Density Relationship on Mixing Uniformity. GRSI-1001, K-State Research and Extension Service. Kansas State University, Manhattan; Lara, M. A. M. 2002. Mistura em Fábricas de Raçoes, SAPIA Sistema de Aperfeiçoamento da Indústria de Alimentos: Equipamentos na Fabricaçao de alimentos para anmais; National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods. 1998. Hazard analysis and critical control point principles and application guidelines. J. Food Protection. 61:762-775; PDV. 2006. GMP+ Certification Scheme Animal Feed Sector, Appendix 4; Minimum requirements for inspection and audits including protocol for the measurement of carry-over; PDV. 2006. GMP+ Certification Scheme Animal Feed Sector, Appendix 14: Minimum requirements for road transport (version 16 November 2007); Sindirações. 2006. Feed and Food Safety Manual Gestao do Alimento Seguro; WHO. 2006. Guidelines for drinking water quality.

4 4 5 1

( ) (GAP) 2 4.1 5 5.6 4.3

( ) 3 1 FAO 2 3 CAC/RCP 52-2003 CAC/RCP 54 2004

36 15 - - - (CODEX STAN 193-1995) GAP GAP GAPs 14 GMPs GAPs 14 15

37 16 8 9 16 2000

38 ph Excreta Greywater 2006 WHO 17 17 2006 IPM EPA 2007 IPM 18 IPM IPM

39 19 FAO FAO2002 18 IPM i) ii) iii) CB.1 2007 19

40 / 20 20 2000 undecargo.

41 1 Johnston Hawton (1991) 1 Avitech

42 - - FAO2004

44 3.

45 CAC/GL 62-2007. 2007. Codex Working Principles for Risk Analysis for Food Safety for application by Governments. http:// www.codexalimentarius.net/download/ standards/10693/cxp_062e.pdf ; CAC/RCP 45-1997. 1997. Codex Code of Practice for the Reduction of Aflatoxin B1 in Raw Materials and Supplemental Feedingstuffs for Milk-Producing Animals. http:// www.codexalimentarius. net/download/ standards/331/cxp_045e.pdf ; CAC/RCP 51-2003. 2003. Codex Code of Practice for the Prevention and Reduction of Mycotoxin Contamination in Cereals, including annexes on Ochratoxin A, Zeralenone, Fumonisins and Tricothecenes. http://www.codexalimentarius. net/download/standards/405/cxc_050e.pdf ; CODEX STAN 193-1995. 1995. Codex General Standard for Food Contaminants and Toxins in Food. http://www.codexalimentarius.net/ download/standards/17/cxs_193e.pdf ; FAO. 2004. International Dairy Federation and Food Agricultural Organization of the United Nation Guide to good dairy farming practice. www. ipfsaph.org./en/default.jsp; FIFE Trading Standards Service. 2000. Guidance for On-farm Mixers Producing Complete Feeds for their Own Use (also available at www. tradingstandards.gov.uk/fife/feedmix.htm); Hintz, R. W., Koegel, R. G., Kraus, T. J., Mertens, D. R. 1997. Mechanical Maceration of Alfalfa. Journal of Animal Science, 77:187 193; Johnston, L.J.; Hawton, J.D., 1991. Quality Control of On-Farm Swine Feed Manufacturing. University of Minnesota Extension. www.extension.umn.edu/ distribution/ livestocksystems/di5639.html; Jongbloed, A. W., Lenis, N. P.1998. Environmental Concerns About Animal Manure. Journal of Animal Science, 76:2641 2648; OIE Animal Production Food Safety Working Group. 2006. Guide to good farming practices for animal production food safety, Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz., 25(2), 823-836; USDA. 2007. Guidelines for the Control of Aquatic Animal Health Hazards in Aquatic Animal Feeds, March 2007 (also available at www. aphis.usda. gov/import_export/animals/oie/ aquatic.shtml). FAO. 2007. Guidelines Good Agricultural Practices for Family Agriculture. www.ipfsaph.org./en/ default.jsp;

5 15 16 CAC/RCP 54 2004

49 : 4.13cm 10 10

50 0.46m 3 20 0.15m 0.30m 810 0.1 1kg 0.3m 24 Compendio Brasileiro de Alimentacao Animal, 2005, SINDIRACOES 0.5 1kg

51 III III S 1S 2S 3S 4AQLs CAC/GL 50-2004 (FAO/ WHO, 2004) 21

52 21 CAC/GL 50-2004 (FAO/WHO, 2004) ISO ISO 2854:1976: 1. 2. 3. 4. AQL LQ) 5. 6. 7. ( ) ISO 2859-1:1999: 1 AQL ISO 2859-2:1985: 2 (LQ) ISO 2859-3:2005: 3 ISO 2859-4:2002: 4 ISO 2859-5:2005: 5 (AQL) ISO 2859-10:2006: 10 : ISO2859 ISO 3494:1976: ISO 3951-1:2005: 1 (AQL) AQL ISO 3951-2:2006: 2 (aql) ISO 3951-3:2007: 3 (AQL) ISO/WD:3951-4: 4 ISO 3951-5:2006: 5 (AQL) ( ) ISO 5725-1:1994: ( ) 1 : ISO 7002:1986: ISO 8422:2006: CAC/GL 50-2004 (FAO/ WHO, 2004) ISO 8423:1991: ( ) ISO/TR 8550-1:2007:

53 1 : ISO/TR 8550-2:2007: 2 : ISO/TR 8550-3:2007: 3 : ISO 10725:2000: ISO 11648-1:2003: 1 : ISO 11648-2:2001: 2 : ISO 14560:2004: 22 Garfield, F.M. 1994 (Garfield1994)

54 ISO/IEC 17025 FAMI-QS. 2007. EU Guide to Good Practice for Feed Additives and Premixtures Operators, Version 2, 17 January 2007; FAO. 2004. Assessing Quality and Safety of Animal Feeds; FAO/WHO. 2004. The Codex General Guidelines on Sampling CAC/GL 50-2004; FAO/WHO. 2006. Guidelines for Food Import Control Systems; Garfield, F.M. 1994. Quality Assurance Principles for Analytical Laboratories; ISO/IEC 17025:2005. General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Equipment; SINDIRAÇOES. 2005. Compendio Brasileiro de Alimentaçao Animal. Guia de Métodos Analíticos, pages 5 9. 4.

I 57 CAC/RCP 54-2004 1 1. 1 2 2. (GMPs) 3. 4. 5. 3 6. 2 ( ) 1 2

58 4 7. (GAPs) (GMPs) (HACCP) 3 8. 4.1 9. 4.2 4 10. ( ) 11. 5 4.3 12. ( ) 6 3 4 5 6 (CAC RCP-1969) CAC-GL 60-2006

I 59 4.3.1 13. 14. 4.4 15. 7 8 16. 4.5 17. 4.5.1 18. 19. 9 20. 21. 22. 10 4.5.2 23. 7 8 9 CAC/GL20-1995 CAC/GL 26-1997 CAC RCP 38-1993 10 20007

60 24. 4.5.3 25. 11 26. 5 27. 28. 29. (GMPs) HACCP 30. (GMPs) HACCP 5.1 31. 32. 33. 5.2 34. 35. 36. 37. 11 WHO/FAO/OIE pubic healthanimal health andtradeoie 2001 7 11 14

I 61 38. 39. 5.3 40. 5.4 41. 42. 43. 44. 5.5 45. 46. 47. 5.6 48. ( ) ( ) 49. 5.7 50. 4.3

62 6 51. 52. 4 5 53. 12 3 - - - 6.1 54. 6.1.1 55. 6.1.2 56. ( ) 57. 58. 6.1.3 59. 60. (GAP) 13 61. 6.2 6.2.1 62. 4.1 12 FAO 13 ( )

I 63 63. 6.2.2 64. 5 5.6 65. 6.2.3 66. 67. 4.3 6.3 68. 6.3.1 69. 6.3.2 70. 71. 72. 6.3.3 73. 74. ( ) 6.4 75. 6.4.1 76. 77. 78.

64 6.5 14 79. 80. 7 7.1 81. 7.2 82. 15 16 14 15 ( ) 16 ISO17025

II 67 FEFAC EFMC IFSAIFSA IFIS (www.fefac.org/code.aspx) (FEFANA) www.fami-qs.org/documents.htm (IACA) (www.iaca.pt/index. jsp?page=boas_praticas) ( ): GMP+ 2006 GMP+ B1 (EN) (www.pdv.nl/lmbinaries/gmp_b01-nl.pdf) (OVOCOM): GMP (NL) (www.ovocom.be/gmp2008. aspx?lang=fr) (OVOCOM): GMP (www.ovocom.be/gmp2008.aspx?lang=fr) (ASSALZOO): Assalzoo (www.assalzoo.it/default. asp?sez=docu&ssez=cod) (SNIA/SYNCOPAC): (www.nutritionanimale.org/) (QS): QS (www. q-s.info/handbuch.109.0.html) ( ): AIC (UFAS) (www. agindustries.org.uk/content.output/93/93/ Trade%20Assurance/Trade%20Assurance%20 Schemes/UFAS.mspx) (CESFAC): (www.cesfac. com/inf.asp?idi=&id=297) (CMSO ZZN): Pravidla správné výrobnía hygienické praxe pro výrobce premixů a krmiv s použitím premixů nebodoplnkových krmiv urc ených k výživĕ hospodár ských vír at (EN) (www.cmsozzn.cz/praxe/2003%20 Pravidla%20 spravne%20a%20hygienicke%20 praxe.pdf) (DAKOFO): EFMC (www.dakofo.dk) (www.agindustries.org.uk/ content.output/93/93/ Trade%20Assurance/ Trade%20Assurance%20 Schemes/UFAS.mspx) (VFÖ): (http://portal.wko.at/wk/startseite_dst. wk?angid=1&dstid=323) (GZS): (www.gzs.si/eng/article.asp?idpm=501) (IZBA Gospodarcza): EFMC (http:// acn.waw.pl/grain/index.html) (AFPWTC): (www.gzs.si/eng/article.asp?idpm=501) (FFDIF): (www.etl.fi/ english/about/staff.asp) (VSF): SFPS (FR) (www.vsf-mills.ch/de/vsf/ Leitli_1286.asp) : (CFIA): (EFMC (http://www2.hgk.hr/en/contacts.asp)

68 (AFIA) (www.safefeedsafefood.org/main/ home.cfm) HACCP (www.certifiedfacility.org/certification_ Programs/HACCP.cfm) V (www.afia.org) (FDA) 1938 (www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/fdcact/fdctoc. htm) (AAFCO) AAFCO (HACCP) (www.aafco.org) Model Feed Bill (www.aafco.org) HACCP, A&M (http://agonline. tamu.edu/haccp) (NAP): (http://www. nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=0309030226) (SINDIRAÇOES): Sindiraçoes (www.sindiracoes.org.br/index. php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&i d=11&itemid=76) (CONAFAB): NOM 012 ZOO Regulación de productos químicos, farmacéuticos, biológicos y alimenticios NOM 025 ZOO Especificaciones de instalaciones, equipo y operación de establecimientos NOM 060 ZOO Especificaciones de transformación de despojos animales y su empleo en la alimentación animal. NOM 061 ZOO Especificaciones de los alimentos para consumo animal. (www.conafab.org/ legislacion_y_normalizacion.html) (SFMCA): (www.sfmca.com.au/feedsafe/about_feedsafe/) (www.sfmca.com.au/info_centre/documents/185/) (www.nzfma.org.nz/codes/codes_of_practice.php) (AFMA): 2.1 AFMA (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.2 (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.2b 1 to EWS (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.3 (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.3b (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.4 (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.5 (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.6 (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm) 2.7 GMP http://www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm 2.8 (www.afma.co.za/codesofpractice.htm)

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FAO 1. 2004 (E, F) 2. 2006 (E, F, S, Ar) 3. 2006 (E, Ar, Se, Fe, Me) 3. 2009 (E) 4. 2006 (E, F, R, Id, Se, Are, Ce, Ba**) 5. 2007 (E, F, R, Id, Ba, S**) 6. -H5N1 2008 (Ee, Se) 7. AVE 2009 (Ee, Se) 8. 2009 (E) 9. 2009 (E) 2010 1 Ar C E F P S Id Multil * ** e R M Ba FAO FAO FAP Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy FAO 1. 1996 (E) 2. 1998 (E) 3. 1998 4. 1998 5. Recognizing peste des petits ruminant a field manual, 1999 (E, F) 6. 1999 (E) 7. 1999 (E) 8. 1999 (E) 9. 2000 (E, F) 10. 2000 (E) 11. 2001 (E) 12. 2001 (E) 13. 2001 (E, F) 14. 2002 (E, F) 15. 2002 (E, F) 16. 2002 (E) 17. 2003 (E)