2009 1 ( 328 ) 3 30, 10,, 380,, 1.,, (, 2005),,,,, (, 2005), (2002) :,,,, Bhat(2000) R ijkhoff (2000) (, 2005), D ixon ( 1977a: 20; 1982: 2),, D ixon (2004: 1),,, D ixon ( 2004: 43),,, ;,,,, 3 ( 20060400133 ) ( 07CYY019),,! 10
(1942) (1979) L i & Thomp son (1981: 121) McCawley (1992) ( 1997),,, (1999: 157) : 1), ; 2) D ixon (2004) :,, (2006: 411 414),, : (1999) D ixon ( 2004) (2006),?,,,,,,,, ;,,, ( 2006: 384) :,,,,, D ixon (2004), 6, : ( a), ; ( b) ; ( c) ; ( d), ; ( e), ; ( f), ;,, D ixon,,,,, ( intransitive p redicate),, D ixon ( a) ( b) ( c) ( d) ( e),,,,,, D ixon ( b) ( c) ( d) ( f), D ixon, ;, ;,, D ixon,,,,,,, 11
( ), ; ( ), ; ( ), ; ( ), : ( ) ( ), (2006: 384) :,,,,,, ( ) ( ) : 1, 4 4, ; 3 3, ; 2 2, ; 1 1,,,,,, ;,,,,,, ( ) ( ),,,,,, ( ) ( ), 1, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), 2,,,, : (1) ( ) (2) ( 3 ), : (3),, ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ),, ( ) ( ) 2, 4, 6, ( ) ( ) 2, ( ) ( ),,,, 2, 1, 1, 4,,,, 1,, 12
,,,,,,,,, : (4) ( ) (5), ( ), 2,,,,,,,,,,,,, 30 ( ), 380, 2. 2. 1 4,,, 4,, 70, ( ) (, ), 1: (6), ( ) ( ), 1: (7) ( ) ( ), 1: (8) ( ) ( ), 1: (9),, ( ), 70, 4,, 69 : ch ng zh ng 2. 2 3,,,, 112 2. 2. 1,,,,, 100, ( ), 1: (10) ( ) ( ), 1: (11), ( ) 13
( ), 1: (12), ( ),, 100, 1, 99 : 2. 2. 2,,,, 8,, : ( ), 1: (13), ( ) ( ), 1: (14), ( ) ( ), 1: (15) :? ( ) 2. 2. 3,,,, 4,, : ( ), 1: (16), ( ) ( ), 1: (17), ( ) ( ), 1: (18), ( ) 2. 3 2 4 70, ; 3 112,,, 182, 2, 2,, 138 2. 3. 1,,,,, 104, ( ) : (19),, ( ) ( ) : (20), ( ) 14
104,, :,,,, : 1) ; 2) ; 3),,,,, : ( 33 ), ( 25 ), ( ), ( ),, ( ) ( ),, ;,?,,,,?,, ;,,,, 450, 279, 18, : 5; 3; ( ) 2; 2; ; ( ) ; ( ) ; ; ( ) ; ( ),,, 2. 3. 2,,,, 2,, 34 ( ) (21) ( 13 ) ( ) (22),,, ( ) 34,, 33 : ( shu ) 2. 4 1 1 60, 15
2. 4. 1,,,,,,,,, 16 : ( c ),,, : (23), ( ) (24), ( 11 ) (25),, ( ) (1981) (1996) (1998) (1996),, ( salience), (1998),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : (26),,, ( ),,,,,,,,, : (27), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 16,,,, : (28),, ( ) (29) ( ) (30),, ( ) c : 2. 4. 2,,,,, (1994: 14), 44, : : 2. 4. 2. 1 11 :, 16
(31), ( ) (32), ( ) 11,, : (33) ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ( ) ; ; ;,,,,,,,,, : (34) :,, ( ) (35) : ( ) (36) :,,,,, ( 20 ) (37) :,, ( 22 ),,,,, +,,,,,,, 11,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, 2. 4. 2. 2 26 : ( h n, ; ),,, :,,,, : (38),, ( ) (39), ( ) (40), ( ), : (41) ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 17
, 11,, : (42), ( ) : (43), ( ) :, (44), ( ) :, (45), ( 23 ) :, (46),, ( ) :, (47),,,, ( 3 ) : :,,, 2. 4. 2. 3 7,, : (48), ( ) r n, :, (49), ( ) (50) ( ) (51) ( ) ch n, (52),, ( ) (53), ( ) (54), ( ) :, 3. 3. 1, 380, 16, 1,,, 82, 3 4 : 2 34 : 1 44 : ( h n, ; ) ( r n),,,, (1994) A B, A 80,, B 126, ( 76, 50 ) A, B,, :,?,,,,,,,,,,,, 18
,,,,, 3. 2,, : ; ; ;,, ;,,, :,, : (55),,,? ( ) (56),,,, ( ),,,?,, ( ),,,,,,, 1 2; 1 2,?,,,, NP NP NP,,,,,,,,,, 2. 3. 1 104,,,,, ; 2. 4. 2. 1,, 1,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : (57),,? ( ) (58), ( 22 ),?, 19
:,? (57), (58),,,,,,? : (59),? ( 6 ) (60), ( ),,?,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4., 30, 380 10,,,, 70, 4, ; 112, 3, ; 138, 2,,, ; 60, 1,,,, [ ] 14,,,,,,, 1,,,,,,, 1, : (1) :,,,, ; (2), 1,,,,,,, ; (3),, 20
1,, : :,,,,,,,, :,,, ;,, : 1994,, 1999, 1942, 1996, 1 2002, 5 2005, 5 1997, 2 2005, 1 1981, 2 1998, 5 2006, 1979, Bhat, D. N. S. 2000 Word class and sentential functions. In Vogel & Com rie ( eds). A pproaches to Typology of W ord C lass. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. D ixon, R. M. W. 2004 Adjective classes. In R. M. W. D ixon & A lexandra Y. A ikhenvald ( eds. ) A djective C lasses: A C ross2l inguistic Typology. Oxford : Oxford University Press. L i, Charles N. & Thomp son, Sandra A. 1981 M andarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Gramm ar. University of California Press. McCawley, James D. 1992 Justifying part2of2speech assignments in Mandarin Chinese, linguistics, June.,, 1996 R ijkhoff, Jan 2000 W hen can a language have adjectives? An imp licational universal, ( eds. ). A pproaches to Typology of W ord C lass. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Journal of Chinese In Vogel & Com rie,, 1957,, 2001,, 1956,, 1985,, 1998 ( ),, 2000,, 1962,, 1997,, 1984,, 1986,, 2001,, 1974,, 1998,, 1999,, 1959,, 1998,, 1986,, 1988,, 1962,, 1998,, 1976,, 1961,, 1994 No. 202 ( 100871; 100732) 21
ZHO NGGUO YUW EN STUD I ES O F TH E CH IN ESE LANGUAGE January, 2009 Abstracts of Major Papers in This Issue Redouane D JAMO URI, The gramma tica liza tion of yi ( ) in oracle and bronze in scription s The changes involved to the item yi in O ld Chinese have been rather comp lex. Yi is first attested in the inscrip tions (13 th - 11 th c. BC) as the verb to lead, bring. In the 10 th c. BC, the verb yi to lead, bring in the p reverbal adjunct position was reanalyzed as the com itative p reposition with. Once this reanalysis took p lace, yi served to exp ress various relations. The position of the PP headed by yi was postverbal when being an argument, and p reverbal when being an adjunct. A s for the purposive conjunction yi in order to, it resulted from the reanalysis of the verb yi to take, hold which was a later derivation from the original meaning to lead, bring. Key words: O ld Chinese, p reposition, p repositional phrase, conjunction, grammaticalization, reanalysis SO NG Yayun, Cr iter ia for iden tify ing qua lita tive adjectives in O ld Ch inese Based on the analysis of more than 100, 000 clauses in 30 ancient Chinese documents, this paper p rovides four criteria to identify 380 qualitative adjectives. These adjectives form a continuum from the most typ ical to the most atyp ical. The paper also discusses some related issues such as the difference between the non2p redicate adjectives and the non2attribute adjectives and as the relationship of the adjectives with nouns, verbs, and adverbs. Key words: adjective, lexical category, defining criteria, non2p redicate adjectives, non2attribute adjectives L IU Danq ing, Ideophon ic reduplica tion of con ten t words and the rela ted con struction s in M andar in Ch inese The content words in Chinese such as nouns, verbs and adjectives can be redup licated to behave syntactically and semantically like ideophones. The paper refers to this p rocess as ideophonic redup lication. This is a p rocess sim ilar to the use of interjections as ideophones. The basic function of this p rocess is to re2disp lay linguistic form s of utterances, highlighting the signifiant of utterances, in particular their phonetic form s, instead of their signifi. Various parts of speech share this p rocess and its semantic and syntactic consequences while the original differences between these categories are neutralized in this p rocess. For instance, words in such usage no longer take markers for tense, aspect and referentiality, and their syntactic functions are just like those of genuine ideophones, filling in the slots of the adverbial, independent clause, subject and modifier, and denoting the repetition of an utterance and exhibiting the nature of quotation. The paper also attributes several Chinese constructions with redup lication of content words to the p rocess of ideophonic redup lication, associating the structure and semantics of these constructions with the p roperties of ideophonic redup lication. Key words: content words, ideophonic redup lication, ideophones, interjections, constructions HUANG M e i, FENG Shengli, The syn tactic d istr ibution of the m onosyllab ic words used in d isyllab ic tem pla tes A group of monosyllabic words that used in disyllabic temp lates is of unique significance in modern written Chinese. This paper aim s to exp lore the rules that determ ine the syntactic distribution 95