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55

56 The Relationship between Macao and the Catholic Missions in the Chinese Mainland during the Ming and Qing Kaijian Tang Abstract As Macao acted as a bastion of Christianity during the Ming and Qing dynasties, it played a vital role in the spread of Christianity to China. However, so far Macao s importance has been merely mentioned in the general histories of Macao and Sino-Western cultural exchange. In other words, no especial article or monograph about this subject exists. After compiling Chinese documents and materials relating to the history of Macao, a large quantity of materials about the relationship between Macao and Christianity in the Chinese inland was unearthed. In this article, I analyze in detail four points of this problem systematically, making use of some valuable materials in both Chinese and Western languages. This will help us realize clearly the position of Macao in the history of Christianity in China during the Ming and Qing periods. Keywords: Ming and Qing dynasties, Macao, Catholicism, exchange of Sino- Western Culture, Jesuits * Kaijian Tang is a professor at the Research Institute of Chinese History and Culture in Jinan University, Guangzhou.