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3 ~ ~ ~ ~ 132 Hedley Bull Benedict Kingsbury and Adam Roberts eds. Hugo Grotius and International Relations Oxford Oxford University Press

4 ~ J ~ ~ ~ 155 J. 1990

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9 Paul R. Viotti Mark V. Kauppi International Relations Theory Realism Pluralism Globalism and Beyond 5th edn. Boston MA Longman Tim Dunne Milja Kurki and Steve Smith eds. International Relations Theories Discipline and Diversity Oxford Oxford University Press

10 Larry Laudan Karl Pearson 1857 ~ David A. Lake Why isms Are Evil Theory Epistemology and Academic Sects as Impediments to Understanding and Progress International Studies Quarterly Vol. 55 No pp. 466 ~ Ibid. p Tim Dunne Lene Hansen Colin Wight The End of International Relations Theory European Journal of International Relations Vol. 19 No pp. 416 ~ Gary King Robert O. Keohane and Sidney Verba Designing Social Inquiry Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research Princeton NJ Princeton University Press 1994 p Tim Dunne Lene Hansen Colin Wight The End of International Relations Theory European Journal of International Relations Vol. 19 No p

11 1 2 3 integrative pluralism 3 emergent properties 4 5 middle-range theories Stephen M. Walt International Relations One World Many Theories Foreign Policy Spring 1998 p. 2 Tim Dunne Lene Hansen Colin Wight The End of International Relations theory European Journal of International Relations Vol. 19 No pp. 415 ~ Ibid. pp. 416 ~ ~ 9 5 Tim Dunne Lene Hansen Colin Wight The End of International Relations Theory European Journal of International Relations Vol. 19 No p

12 Ⅰ 9 ~ Peter J. Katzenstein and Nobuo Okawara Japan Asian-Pacific Security and the Case for Analytical Eclecticism International Security Vol. 26 No p David A. Lake Why isms Are Evil Theory Epistemology and Academic Sects as Impediments to Understanding and Progress International Studies Quarterly Vol. 55 No. 2 pp. 468 ~ Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal eds. The Oxford Handbook of International Relations New York Oxford University Press 2008.

13 1 3 1 David A. Lake Why isms Are Evil Theory Epistemology and Academic Sects as Impediments to Understanding and Progress International Studies Quarterly Vol. 55 No. 2 pp. 470 ~

14 power multiple issue-based systems 2 1 J. N. Rosenau J. N. Rosenau The Scientific Study of Foreign Policy New York Free Press 1971 p Donald E. Lampert Lawrence S. Falkowski Richard W. Mansbach Is There an International System International Studies Quarterly Vol. 22 No. 1 Mar p Donald E. Lampert Lawrence S. Falkowski Richard W. Mansbach Is There an International System International Studies Quarterly Vol. 22 No. 1 Mar p. 144.

15 1 1 David A. Lake Why isms Are Evil Theory Epistemology and Academic Sects as Impediments to Understanding and Progress International Studies Quarterly Vol. 55 No. 2 pp. 471 ~

16 John J. Mearsheimer and Stephen M. Walt Leaving Theory Behind Why Simplistic Hypothesis Testing Is Bad for International Relations European Journal of International Relations Vol. 19 No. 3 pp. 427 ~

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20 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS No Contents Feature Article 3 How to Understand the Study on Macro Theories of International Relations Abstract As macro interpretations of the structures trends and elements of international interaction the macro theories of international relations play a guiding role in setting up topics and professional education therefore they are often referred as the paradigms. Because there is no single paradigm in the study of international relations great debates constitute the main line of academic narrative. The inappropriate division of schools and the competition for knowledge hegemony also cause some drawbacks. The pluralistic pattern of macro theories leads people to always face the confusion about pursuing paradigm integration or accepting pluralistic theories. This paper argues that the existence of a pluralistic paradigm is determined by the status quo of the international structure. Foreign policies implemented by the actors of diversified interests and intentions will inevitably create multiple systems with different problems. The different attributes of the pluralistic system require different macro theories to explain so the paradigm warfare is meaningless. As interpretive tools conceived by the theoreticians out of inspiration the macro theories have their specific ranges of interpretation and limitations and they are not the dogmas of faith. To explain the world with complex attributes we need to use the elements of pluralistic theories with a better integration. The stability and inertia of the international system have determined that the study on macro theories will be in dreariness during a certain period of time. As an indispensable part of the knowledge system of international relations the study on macro theories also needs to be developed. Keywords macro theories paradigm great debates international system About the Author Li Shaojun is Member of the Innovation Team of International Relations at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences and Research Fellow at the Institute of World Economics and Politics the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Li Shaojun 153

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特稿 3