,,,,,, (William Parish) , 2865, : (1966 ) 20,,, 20, :,, :,, (Destratification) (Parish,1984 :84-120), 1983 (N = 1774) (Xie &Lin, 1986) 19

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1 Abstract :Depending on the data of The Changing of China s Social Structure in 2001, this paper analyses the attainment of Chinese social status of different historical period by linear regression and logistical regression. The paper finds that : ( 1) the Chinese society is becoming opening instead of blocking out ; the achieved factors are much more significant than the ascribed ; but some boundaries of classes need to be opened, such as Hukou system,etc. (2) in the factors of the achieved, educational capital is becoming more important ; ( 3) the attainment of social status for sons and daughters are all affected by their families class origin instead of only sons. :,, ( ),,, ; ( ), ( ),, ( ),,,,, 1967, 16 ( ) ( 20264,N = 20700) ( ),, : ( ),,, :, ;,,,, (eeghley,1996 :70), : 3,,, 76

2 ,,,,,, (William Parish) , 2865, : (1966 ) 20,,, 20, :,, :,, (Destratification) (Parish,1984 :84-120), 1983 (N = 1774) (Xie &Lin, 1986) 1985 (N = 1000) : (,2002 :83-115) :,, ( ),,,?,, : ( ),,,,,, :, ; (Andrew G. Walder),, ;, ,, :, 77

3 , ( ) ; Π,,,,, (,2002), 50,, :,?,? :?,,? 1949,,?,, (,2002 :83-115),,?,??,,,,, ( Konrad & Szel nyi,1979),, % ; % ; % ; % ; % ; % : 8 % ; 2413 % ; 3412 % ; 1617 % ; 7 % 617 % ; 3 % ; 0121 % 21, :, :,,,, : 78

4 , :,,, :,,,,,,,, :, :,, : 31,, :,,,,, ( ),, ( ),, : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) ; (5) 1992, 41 : -,,, (J. H. Goldthorpe), : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) ; (5) ; (6) ; (7),,,, ;, : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) ; (5) ; (6) ; (7) 79

5 :,,,, : ; ( ) ; :,, 1, 0 :,, : (1) ( ) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) : (1) ; (2) ; (3), 0, 1 :, 50?,, 1 1, :, , , ,, 14,, 14,,, ;,?,,,,,, ;,,, 14,,,,,,, 80

6 1 ( ) ( = 1) = ( = 1) = ( = 1) ad R N : :P < ; 3 3 :P < 0101 ; 3 :P < 0105 ; + :P < 0110, 14, , 1960, 64 %( ) 12 %(,2003 :99),,1965,,,,,, ( ), 1956,1949,,,, ; , ,, ,,,,,, ( ) ;,, 81

7 , ,,,, ,, (,2002),,, ,,, 1992,,,,, , ,,,, (14 ),,,,, 2,,,, :, , 14,,,,,,,,, ( ),, , ( ), (,1999 :159) 82

8 , , :, 3412 % ;, 2314 % (,1999 :156 ;,2000 :346), :,,,, ,,, 1949,,,,, ;,, 2 ( ) ( = 1) , ad R N :P < ; 3 3 :P < 0101 ; 3 :P < 0105 ; + :P < : 1 = ; 2 = ; 3 = ; 4 =, ,,,, , 1966, 6 13,, 7 24,,,, , ( ),,,1972,!, ( ),, : 83

9 ,, ,,,,,,,, ,,, , ,, ,,,, : 14, ;,,, 90, 9 ( ) 14, : :, 14,,,, ; 11, , ( = ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,

10 ,, , :, 14 ( ) ; ( 3), 14 (, 14, ),, ;,, 21 4,,, Π 3 ( ) = ( = 1) = ( = 1) LL N : :P < ; 3 3 :P < 0101 ; 3 :P < 0105 ; + :P < 0110 :, , 14,,,, , ,, : ( ), , , 85

11 ,,, ,, 4 ( ) = ( = 1) = ( = 1) ad R N : :P < ; 3 3 :P < 0101 ; 3 :P < 0105 ; + :P < , : ,, :20 90, ( ),,,,, 20 50,, 5,,, ( 5) :,, 14 ( ),,, , 1956, 16 86

12 ,1960,, (,2003 :185),,,, ( ),,,, ( ), ( ),, ( = 1) ( = 1) = ( = 1) ( = 1) ( = 1) ad R N :P < ; 3 3 :P < 0101 ; 3 :P < 0105 ; + :P < ,,,,,,,,,, ( ), ( ), ;,,, 5, ; ;, : FFP (Firm s First Position),,, FFP 87

13 , 1992,, 1992,,, 4,, ,,,, 1978,,,,,, 1992, 20,,,,, ( ), ,,,, :,, (,2002) :,,,,,,,,,, 1992,,,,,, 88

14 , 14,,, ;,,,,,, ( ),,,, 20 90,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 90 ),,, ;,, :,,,,, ( ) ;, :,, ;, :,,,,,,,,,, 89

15 ,, : 9 12 ( ) ( ),, :,2002, :,,2000,,1999,,,2002,, 6,2002,,,2002,,2003,,, ,,2003,, eeghley, Leonard 1996, The Structure of Social Stratification in the United States, Allyn and acon. erry, William D. 1984, Nonrecursive Causal Models, Sage Publications, Inc. lalock, H. M. Jr. (ed. ) 1972, Causal Models in Social Sciences, Aldine Atherton,Inc. lau, Peter & Otis Dudley Duncan 1967, The American Occupational Structure,New York : Wiley. Duncan, Otis Dudley 1972, Socio2economic ackground and Achievement, New York : Seminar Press. 1975, Introduction to Structure Equation Model, New York : Academic Press. Goldthorpe, J. H. 1987, Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern ritain, Oxford University Press. Handel, J. D. 1978, Introductory Statistics for Sociology, New Jersey : Prentice2hall. Hauser, R. M. & D. L. Featherman 1976, Equality of Schooling : Trends and Prospects. Sociology of Education 49. Heise, David R. 1975, Causal Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Konrad, G. & Ivan Szel nyi 1979, The Intellectuals on the Road to Class Power, New York : Harcourt race2jovanovich. Palumbo, D. J. 1969, Statistics in Political and ehavioral Sciences, New York : Appleton2 Century Crofts. Poulantzas,N. 1973, On Social Classes. New left Review 78. Przeworski, A. 1977, Proletariat into A Class : The Process of Class Formation from Karl Kautsky s The Class Struggle to Recent Controversies. Politics and Society 7 (4). Parish William, L. 1984, Destratification in China. in Class and Social Stratification in Post2Revolution China, (ed. ) by J. L. Watson, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Wright, Eric Olin 1979, Class Structure and Income Determination, Academic Press. Xie, Wen &Lin Nan 1986, The Process of Status Attainment in Urban China. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Asociation. : 90

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1999 7 8 63 2599 16 21 Warner 1963 NORC, 1947 Duncan 1961 Blau and Duncan 1967 Laumann and Pappi, 1976 Treiman 1977 1 21 1999 7 8 63 2599 16 PPS 69 5 100 80 60 40 20 1 1 2 1 2599 1 92.9 13.71 36 73.4 14.54