西漢晚期以來，儒家思想對社會已有了深入的影響，當時不論士庶，普遍對孝悌之行抱有由衷的敬意。在此背景下，原本存在於大家庭的治家之法，在士人階層發生了深刻而微妙的變化。士人立身以禮、躬行實踐的結果，推動著家庭內的倫理關係趨向於嚴謹規矩。

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2 B.C B.C. 3 1 Ferdinand de Saussure, linguistic turn signifier signified arbitrary Ferdinand de Saussure, tr. by Wade Baskin, Course in General Linguistics (Beijing: China Social Sciences Publishing House, 1999) Martin Heidegger

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27 165 Leviathan 蘐会

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29 I 会辻 Hans-Georg Gadamer Martin Heidegger

30 168 20/ 徴 1973 蘐 /

31 169 An Analysis of Ogyū Sorai s Method of Interpretation of the Classics Chang, Kun-chiang Abstract This essay is meant to analyze how the influential thinker in the history of Tokugawa Japanese Confucianism, Ogyū Sorai ( ), while interpreting the Confucian Classics, made much of unspeakable hermeneutic traits and the matters which arose therein. First, having analyzed how he based his scholarship on the study of old phrases and syntax in the Six Classics, the essay then points out that Sorai s scholarship lay in the pursuance of the compatibility of the term with the things practiced by the early Confucian sage rulers. The term referred to the old phrases written in the texts prior to the Chin-Han period, namely, the language used in the Six Classics; the things were the objects the term referred to, that is to say, rites, music, law enforcement, and political administration, as noted in the Six Classics. Sorai held that only with the language matching objects it referred to, could one be allowed to discuss the philosophy of the early Confucian sage rulers and Confucius. Second, to explore Sorai s unspeakable hermeneutic traits, the paper expounds (1) Sorai s emphasis on the unspeakable rites and music. The term unspeakable here was used to emphasize the dynamic implications for the practice of rites and music. It was far different from the emphasis laid by Song Confucianists on the static implications in the language education on the basis of Neo-Confucianism; (2) Sorai s use of the term unspeakable as a denial of the critical method for hermeneutics advanced by the later Confucians as out of nothing. He objected to their interpretation of the Classics via their fictional concepts such as good human nature, divine principles and human desires, and inner sagacity and outer kingship. He was opposed to their random interpretation of the Classics; and (3) Sorai s own unspeakable intention to get rid of the tense hierarchical relations and to downplay the role of Yen Hui, in terms of his purposed, selective interpretation of passages in his A Reexamination of the Confucian Analects ( ). Last, the paper, based on the above-mentioned analysis of Sorai s unspeakable hermeneutic traits, further points out the paradox formed in Sarai s method of interpretation and the problems it gave rise to. That is to say, Sorai often nullified his own out-of-nothing principle of interpretation of the Classics and thus confined his interpretation of the Classics to the spectrum of particular meanings, ignoring the universal meaning of the Classics. This possibly stifled openness and innovation inasmuch as the interpretation of the Classics was concerned. Keywords: Ogyū Sorai, unspeakable, Six Classics, term, things, hermeneutic Assistant Professor, Center for General Education, Taipei Medical University.

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<4D6963726F736F667420576F7264202D20B4C2B6A7BEC7B3F8B2C4A451B4C12DA5D8BFFD2E646F63> 朱熹人性本善說的理論結構朱熹人性本善說的理論結構劉振維朝陽科技大學通識教育中心助理教授摘要人性本善, 乃是宋明理學對先秦儒學人性論的發明基本上, 宋明理學家們接受天理流行的宇宙觀, 在理一分殊的思維下, 藉禮記中庸