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1 Philosophical Analysis Vol. 4 No. 2 Apr Being 俞宣孟 : 中西哲学各有自己的传统它们今后的发展虽然会相互影响但是传统仍然是它们各自发展的底本所谓底本是历史上形成的哲学形态可以从三个方面去考察它的特征 : 语言的特征与语言密切相关的哲学问题的方向和表述方式以及围绕着哲学问题的争论而产生的哲学分支或流派通过重论述 Being 与西方哲学的形态特征并结合评述杨国荣先生的哲学成果可期为总结中国哲学形态总结做准备 : 中西哲学比较 ; Being 问题 ; 底本 ; 杨国荣 :B813 :A : (2013) ; : : 4

哲学形态可以从三个方面去考察它的特征 : 语言的特征与语言密切相关的哲学问题的方向和表述方式以及围绕着哲学问题的争论而产生的哲

2 Being :? ( Being) 1 ontology ontology ; :! ; 2 : ; 1 : : : :

3 2013 2? ( ) ( ) 1 Sein(Being) providence ( ) es gibt das Sein(there is a Being ) Er-eigen ( ) :?? 2 : 3 1 Graham Parkes ed. Heidegger and Asian Thought University of Hawaii Press 1987; Reinhard May Heidegger s Hidden Sources: East-Asian Influences on His Work London and New York: Routledge : : ( ) 6

) 1966 9 23 :?? 2 : 3 1 Graham Parkes ed.

4 Being : ; ; being ;20 80 : being ontology being being 17 : is ; is 1 (A. C. Graham ) : to be 2 1 ( : ) 2 A. C. Graham Disputers of Dao Open Court 1989 p : : :

Graham 1919-1991) : to be 2 1 ( : 1983 41 ) 2 A.

5 being estin (is) on (being) one is : 1 is is 2 :is (ontology) ontology substance being being Being 3 Being ;2003 being : being (existence) (essence) ; 1 : : : : : Being :

Being 3 Being 20 80 1993 ;2003 being : being (existence)

6 Being being existere quiddity existence( ) essence( ) 1 : 2 being beingbeing (existence) being : being being (predicate ) being being ( ) 3 being being ( ) 4 :? : ; to be being being 1 A. C. Graham Unreason within Reason: Essays on the Outskirts of Rationality Open Court 1992 pp :

7 : 英语 : I am glad. 汉语 : 我 ( 很 ) 高兴 It s raining. 下雨了 He is out. 他出去了 to be : Peace is with you. ( ) ; ( ) to be that it is ( ) being ; ( ) 1 : ; ; : ( ) :

8 Being ( ) : ; : (things that are) 1 being am is are was were to be ; being ; : being being : The book is on the table. ( ) being 1 Plato s Parmenides 144a trans. by Samuel Scolnicov CA: University of California Press 2003 p

9 : ; : 1 ontology (on/being) ontologyontology ontology 1 : ( ) : einai (to be) 12

10 Being ( ) ontology? : logos 1 : 2 ; being as being 3 being as being? being 1 Hans-Georg Gadamer The Beginning of Philosophy trans. by Rod Coltman New York: Continuum 1998 p : 23 3 : 56 13

11 : 1 being? : The kinds of essential being are precisely those that indicated by the figures of predication. predication( ) categories( ) ( ) 2 ousia einai(to be) ousia ousia being ; ; ousia substantia( ) ousia ; being 1 : : : 94 on(being) ontological difference [ ( ) ] 14

12 Being aletheia : being is (not being) 1 ( ) (generality) (universality) : ontology 1 : 94 15

13 ontology :? ontology ontology : ontology : ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ontology : to be ( ) (I am) (God is) 2 1 : : : ( ) :

14 Being ontology ontology ontology (ontological difference) ( ) being Sein sein das Seiende( Sein ) Being Sein;das Seiende being entity 1 essent 2 : ; Being as Being Why are there essents rather than nothing? 3 (? ) 1 Heidegger Being and Time trans. by John Macquarrie Edward Robinson San Francisco: Harper Heidegger An Introduction to Metaphysics trans. by Ralph Manheim Yale University Press Heidegger An Introduction to Metaphysics p. 1. Ralph Manheim :essents=existents things that are 17

by John Macquarrie Edward Robinson San Francisco: Harper 1962 2 Heidegger An Introduction to Metaphysics trans.

15 :?? :es bheu wes ; 1 einai(to be) physis aletheia logos ; substance : (1927 ) (existence) (1945 ) 1 Heidegger An Introduction to Metaphysics pp

16 Being? ; ; ; ; 1 : :?? 2 ;? 1 : Hans-Geoerg Gadamer The Beginning of Philosophy p

17 Be- ing? (ontology) :?? 20

18 Being ontology ; ; ; ontology ontology ( : )? :?? ; ;! ( 责任编辑 : 韦海波 ) 21

19 Abstracts Abstracts and Key Words The Problem of Being on the Ground of Western Philosophy YU Xuan-meng Abstract: Chinese philosophy and western philosophy have their own traditions. Although their future developments will interact their grounds are still the traditions. By ground I mean philosophical forms in history. We can investigate their characters from three aspects: the character of language the orientation and explanation forms of philosophical problems that are closely related to language and those philosophical branches and schools resulting from philosophical debates. This paper will put emphasis on the discussion of Being and the morphological character of western philosophy. It will also comment on Yang Guo-rong s achievements in philosophy to prepare for summing up Chinese philosophy. Key words: ground; comparative studies on Chinese and Western philosophy How is It Possible for Metaphysics to be Concrete? Review on Professor Yang Guo rong s Doctrine of Dao CHEN Shao-ming Abstract: This paper affirms that concrete metaphysics is philosophical not only in the form of argument but also in ontological sense. It attempts to discuss the situation of concrete metaphysics in metaphysics family by reference to abstract metaphysics and post-metaphysics. Meanwhile it also raises the question of whether it is possible to construct contemporary metaphysics in Chinese philosophy and puts forward a metaphysical view of looking for contextual analysis. Key words: metaphysics; concreteness; abstraction Problems Horizon and Approaches: Replies to Yu Xuanmeng Chen Shaoming and Zhang Xianglong YANG Guo-rong Abstract: Professor Yu Xuanmeng Zhang Xianglong and Chen Shaoming made significant comments on my books separately which involve various issues. Professor Yu s paper mainly points to two problems: one is the relationship between Western Philosophy and Chinese Philosophy and the other is the issue of being. Professor Zhang mentioned the issue of horizon which is related to the perspective of Dao and that of human beings. The main question which Professor Chen raised is how it is possible for metaphysics to be concrete. In order to resolve this problem we need in certain sense investigate the interaction between thing and history as well as that of Dao and Qi(thing). Key words: problems; approaches; horizon What Does It Mean to Interpret Confucianism from a Gongfu Perspective? NI Pei-min Abstract: The paper explains what it means to interpret Confucianism from a gongfu perspective: 1 it means to take Confucianism as gongfu instructions about how to cultivate people regulate families govern states and bring peace to the world rather than a descriptive theory about the world. 2 it means that the ultimate aim of Confucianism is to master the art of living instead of providing moral norms. 3 it means that the utterances in Confucian classics should be understood according to pragmatics (rather than their literal meanings). 4 it means that some contents of Confucian classics can be fully understood only by personal cultivation practice. Key words: Confucianism; gongfu; philosophy Guo Xiang s Concept of Yinxun and Zhuang Zi WANG Yun-fei Abstract: In the research on Guo Xiang s thoughts such concepts as Yin Sui Shun Ren Xun are 197

We can investigate their characters from three aspects: the character of language the orientation and explanation forms of philosophical problems that are closely related to language and those

A-錢穆宗教觀-171

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