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Senior Manager of Production Strategies Swine Nutritionist New

1 Considerations in Nutrition and Management for starting Weaned Pigs 断奶仔猪营养和管理要点 Kyle Coble, Ph.D. Senior Manager of Production Strategies Swine Nutritionist New Fashion Pork Jackson, MN, USA Leman China Swine Conference 李曼中国养猪会议 Nanjing, China 中国南京 October 2016

2 Presentation Outline 概要 1) Introduction to NFP System 介绍新时尚养猪体系 2) Impact of weaning age 断奶日龄的影响 3) Management techniques to improve performance 提高生产成绩的管理技术 4) Review of nutrient level considerations 营养水平方面的审核 1) SID Lys 标准回肠可消化赖氨酸 2) Trp:Lys ratio 色氨酸 : 赖氨酸比例 5) Questions 问题

3 New Fashion Pork System 新时尚养猪体系 Home office in Jackson, MN 办公室位于明尼苏达州的 Jackson 市 60,000 sows from Wyoming to Indiana 管理从怀俄明州到印第安纳州的 60,000 头母猪 YTD 1.2 M pigs marketed 上市 120 万商品猪 50% Integrated & 50% Non-integrated sales 一半整合销售, 一半非整合销售 Owner member of Triumph Foods 食品公司所有者成员 Farrow-to-finish production system 断奶到育肥生产体系 Wean >25,000 pigs per week 每周断奶 >25,000 头 Start most pigs in weaned-to-finish barns 大部分猪开始在断奶 - 育肥一体舍饲养

4 Starting pigs is harder today 现在的猪在开始更难饲养 Why? 为什么 Wean age 断奶日龄 Transportation dehydration 运输 - 脱水 Vaccination programs 免疫程序 Health, especially Flu 健康方面, 尤其流感 Genetic selection 基因选择 Removal of animal proteins from diets (debatable) 饲料中去除动物蛋白 ( 争议的 ) Environment 环境

5 Effect of Wean Age on Nursery ADG 断奶日龄对保育平均日增重的影响平均增重 Average daily gain, g/d SEM = 8 Linear, P < 0.01 Quadratic, P < Weaning Age, d 断奶日龄 Main et al., 2002

6 Effect of Wean Age on Mortality 断奶日龄对死亡率的影响百分比 Percentage, % Weaning Age, d 断奶日龄 SEM = 0.95 Linear, P < 0.01 Quadratic, P < 0.39 Main et al., 2002

7 Effect of Wean Age on Final Market Wt. 断奶日龄对最终上市体重的影响上市体重 Market Weight, kg SEM = 1.30 Linear, P < 0.01 Quadratic, P < Weaning Age, d 断奶日龄 Main et al., 2002

8 Effect of Wean Age on Population Weight Distribution 断奶日龄对体重分布的影响群体百分比 Percentage of population Mean BW, lb = 10.9 SD, lb = Mean wt, lb = 12.6 SD, lb = Mean wt, lb = 14.3 SD, lb = Days of age at weaning 断奶日龄 Calculated from Main et al., 2002

9 Effect of waterer type on Commercial Weaned Pig ADG and Removals 饮水器类型对商品断奶猪日增重和淘汰率的影响 ADG 平均日增重 Removals 淘汰率 ADG, g P < Removals, % P < 0.20 P < P < Swing Pan 摇摆式盘式饮水器 d 0 to 7 d 0 to 32 摇摆式盘式饮水器 0 Swing Pan d 0 to 7 d 0 to 32 Adapted from Potter et al., 2010

Management Techniques to Improve Hydration 改善卫生的管理技术 Work

Small does not always equal young 小个并不等同于年幼 Segregate the

Rotecna of Start Boats 使用 Rotecna 公司的弱仔专用料槽 Increases both

10 Management Techniques to Improve Hydration 改善卫生的管理技术 Work to identify the youngest and smallest pigs 努力区分最年幼和最小的猪 Small does not always equal young 小个并不等同于年幼 Segregate the bottom end that need more attention 隔离至尾端, 进行特别照料 Utilizing Rotecna of Start Boats 使用 Rotecna 公司的弱仔专用料槽 Increases both water and feed intake 同时增加饮水和饲料采食量 Increases feeder space 增加饲槽空间

11 Benefits of Mat Feeding Post Weaning 断奶后垫上撒料的好处 Commercial fully slatted WF barn 商业全漏缝断奶 - 保育一体舍 58 pigs per pen58 头每栏 All pens provided a biodegradable mat with supplemental heat 所有栏提供可生物降解和供热 Treatments 处理 No mat feeding 无垫上撒料 Mat feeding 垫上撒料 1.1 lb per feeding 1.1 磅每次 3x daily 一日三次 For first 6-d after weaning 断奶后头 6 天淘汰率 Removals, % P < P < 0.04 d 0 to 11 d 0 to 27 Days after weaning 断奶后天数 None 无 Mat 垫上撒 Adapted from Potter et al., 2010

12 Effect of Mat Feeding Post Weaning 垫上撒料对断奶仔猪的影响 Average Daily Gain, g/d ADG 平均日增重 GF 增重饲料比 325 P < P < Gain:Feed None 无 Mat 垫撒料 0.63 无 None Mat 垫撒料 Adapted from Potter et al., 2010

13 Effect of Vaccination* on Post Weaning Performance 免疫对断奶后生产成绩的影响 ADG, g SEM = 9.2 P = SEM = 10.6 P = SEM = 7.7 P = SEM = 7.7 P = Period after weaning Vaccinated on d 0 Vaccinated d 8 断奶当天免疫断奶 8 天后免疫 *Vaccinated for PCV2 and M. hyo 免疫 PCV2 和喘气苗 Adapted from Potter et al., 2012

14 Effect of Pelleting on Early Nursery Performance (d 0 to 14) 制粒对保育早期的影响 (0 天至 14 天 ) 200 SEM = 9.1 P < 0.05 SEM = 9.0 P > P < grams Gain:Feed ADG, g/d Pellet 制粒 Meal 日粮 ADFI, g/d 0.55 G:F 增重 : 饲料 Adapted from Sawyer et al., 1999

15 Effect of Lactose Level on Nursery Performance 乳糖水平对保育性能的影响 Crystalline lactose is a highly digestible carbohydrate source in the young pig. 结晶乳糖是仔猪高度可消化的碳水化合物来源 Increased enzyme activity - lipase. 增加酶活性 - 脂酶 Low feed intake in young pig hinders protein deposition because of insufficient energy 仔猪低采食量低, 能量不足妨碍蛋白质的沉积 Highly palatable 适口性极好 Sources of lactose would be: 乳糖的来源 : Edible- or feed-grade dried whey 食用级或饲料级乳清粉 Lactose 乳糖 Whey permeate 乳清渗透液 Other dried-whey sources 其他乳清来源的干物质

16 Effect of Lactose Level on Nursery Performance 乳糖水平对保育生长的影响平均日增重 Average daily gain, g/d Quadratic, P < 乳糖水平 Lactose Level, % Adapted from Mahan et al., 2004

17 Effect of Dietary Ca Level on Nursery Performance 日粮钙水平对保育猪生长的影响 Calcium (Ca) is relatively cheap in the U.S. 钙相对便宜 Important for metabolic functions, bone development, etc. 对代谢功能, 骨发育等重要 Limestone is main source, but other contributors in the diet: 石灰石是主要来源, 但日粮中的其他组分也有 Grains 谷物 Phytase release 植酸酶释放 Vitamin and mineral premixes 维生素和矿物质预混料 Medications 治疗药物 Having the incorrect nutrient loadings, or not accounting for the excess Ca, can impact performance. 不正确的营养负荷, 或没有考虑超出部分钙, 会影响生长性能

18 Effect of Dietary Ca Level on Nursery Performance 日粮钙水平对保育猪生长的影响日平均增重 ADG, g STTD Ca, % 标准全肠道消化率 Ca STTD P, % 标准全肠道消化率 P SEM = 20 Linear, P = 0.01 Quadratic, P = 降低 12% 12% decrease Gonzalez Vega et al, 2016

19 Effect of SID Lysine and Tryptophan level on Nursery PerformanceSID 赖氨酸和色氨酸对保育生长性能的影响 First limiting amino acid in swine diets in Lysine (Lys), however tryptophan (Trp) has recently got lots of attention. 日粮中和第一限制氨基酸是赖氨, 然而色氨酸近来已引起关注. Historically fed at a ratio of 16-18% of Lys 以前料中比例是 16-18%. Nemechek et al., 2012 re-evaluated the SID Lys requirements in 7 to 14 kg nursery pigs 重新评估 7-14Kg 保育猪的 SID 赖氨酸的需要量 (2012) Goncalves et al., 2015 re-evaluated the SID Trp requirements for: 重新评估 SID 色氨酸的需要量 (2015) 6 10 kg weanling pigs6-10kg 刚断奶猪 kg nursery pigs11-20kg 保育猪

20 Increasing levels of SID Lys on Weanling Pigs (7-14 kg) Nursery Performance (ADG) 刚断奶猪 (7-14Kg) 增加 SID 赖氨酸水平对保育 ADG 的影响平均日增重 Average daily gain, g/d Linear, P < 0.74 Quadratic, P < SID Lys, % Nemechek et al, 2012

21 Increasing levels of SID Lys on Weanling Pigs (7-14 kg) Nursery Performance (GF) 刚断奶猪 (7-14Kg) 增加 SID 赖氨酸水平对保育 GF 的影响 0.85 增重 : 饲料 Gain:Feed Linear, P < Quadratic, P < SID Lys, % Nemechek et al, 2012

22 Increasing levels of SID Lys on Weanling Pigs (7-14 kg) Nursery Performance 刚断奶猪 (7-14Kg) 增加 SID 赖氨酸水平对保育性能的影响 Broken line analysis provides us with an unbiased approach to determining what the requirement REALLY is. 折线的分析为我们提供了一个不带偏见的方法来确定什么是真正的需求量 ADG = 1.30 to 1.37% GF = 1.39 to 1.54% Nemechek et al, 2012

23 SID Trp:Lys ratios on Weanling Pigs (6-10 kg) Nursery Performance (ADG) 刚断奶猪 (6-10Kg) 料中 SID 色 : 赖比值对保育性能 (ADG) 的影响平均日增重 Average daily gain, g/d Linear, P < Quadratic, P < SID Trp:Lys Ratio SID 色 : 赖比值 Goncalves et al, 2015

24 SID Trp:Lys ratios on Weanling Pigs (6-10 kg) Nursery Performance (GF) 刚断奶猪 (6-10Kg) 料中 SID 色 : 赖比值对保育性能 (GF) 的影响 0.76 增重 : 饲料 Gain:Feed Linear, P < Quadratic, P < SID Trp:Lys Ratio Goncalves et al, 2015

25 SID Trp:Lys on Weanling Pigs (6-10 kg) Nursery Performance (Broken Line) 刚断奶猪 (6-10Kg) 料中 SID 色 : 赖比值对保育性能的影响 ( 断线 ) Broken line analysis provides us with an unbiased approach to determining what the requirement REALLY is. 折线的分析为我们提供了一个不带偏见的方法来确定什么是真正的需求量 ADG = 23.9% GF = 20.4% Goncalves et al, 2015

26 Importance Factors for determining Feed Allocation 确定饲料配给数量的重要因素 Constraints to consider when calculating feed budgets/pig 计算饲料预算 / 猪时要考虑的限制因素 Truck compartment size. 卡车车厢大小 Number of pigs per feed line. 每条料线供给多少猪 Days to fill barn. 多少天装一次料仓 Pigs per feeder. 每个料槽管多少猪 Feeder capacity (tube max or worker max). 料槽容量 ( 最大管和工人最大量 ) Minimum budget targeted for the last pigs placed. 最低饲料预算的猪 ( 最小的猪 ) 放在最后一栏

27 Summary of Considerations 总结要点 Understand the variation in weaning age and know the performance that can be expected. 理解断奶日龄的差异和知识由此带来的生产成绩差异. It is not always the feeds fault. 不总是饲料过错 Work hard to provide plenty of clean water 努力工作提供充足的清洁水源 Mat feed. 垫上给料 Understand nutrient levels and how too much can be harmful (Ca). 理解营养水平和营养过多是有害的 ( 钙 ). Bad place to cut cost is in first nursery diet. 在保育第一阶段削减成本是不好的 Increasing levels of Trp:Lys levels. 提高 Trp:Lys Review feed allocation to make sure pigs get correct amount. 审查饲料配给, 确保猪只得到正确数量的饲料

28 THANK YOU

PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation IMPORTANCE OF LACTOSE IN PIGLET NUTRITION 乳糖在仔猪营养中的重要性 KEVIN M. HALPIN, PH.D. Outline 提纲 I. Background 背景介绍 II. Lactose requirements 乳糖需求 III. Lactose is a unique sugar 乳糖是一种特殊的糖 IV. Impact on gut integrity