Nutrition and Management 营养与管理 Does Nutrition influence the Expression of Genetic Potential and Disease Impact? 是否能通过营养手段调控基因潜能的表达与疫病的影响? Wallace Henr

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1 Nutrition and Management 营养与管理 Does Nutrition influence the Expression of Genetic Potential and Disease Impact? 是否能通过营养手段调控基因潜能的表达与疫病的影响? Wallace Henry Rektify Limited

2 European Sow Population 20,000,000 欧洲母猪头数 2 千万头

3 Raw Materials 原料 BARLEY 大麦 MAIZE 玉米 SOYA BEANS 大豆 WHEAT 小麦

4 Raw Materials 原料 PEAS 豌豆 DISTILLERS 酒糟 RAPESEED MEAL 菜子粕 SOYA HULLS 豆皮

5 IMMUNITY 免疫需要量 REQUIREMENT GROWTH 生长 EFFICIENCY 满足 REPRODUCTION 繁殖 DEFICIENCY 缺乏 NUTRIENT SUPPLY 营养供给

6 I. A. Tsakmakidis, I. A. Lymberopoulos, A. G. Khalifa, T. A. A. J. Vet Sci :

Trial Features 实验设计 7 AI Boars. 7 头公猪 1350 sows inseminated. 1350 头母猪 AI dose 100 ml of 3 X 10 9 spermatozoa.

7 Trial Features 实验设计 7 AI Boars. 7 头公猪 1350 sows inseminated 头母猪 AI dose 100 ml of 3 X 10 9 spermatozoa. 人工授精量 100 ml of 3 X 10 9 Farrowing Rate and Litter Size recorded. 记录受孕率与窝产子数 Semen assessed for Live Morphologically Normal Spermatozoa (LMNS). 精液形态学分析 Tsakmakidis et al. 2010

Relationship between sperm quality traits and fieldfertility of porcine semen 公猪精液中精子质量与农场繁育水平的关系 Boar 公猪 Live Normal Sperm % 正常精力比例 Farrowing

8 Relationship between sperm quality traits and fieldfertility of porcine semen 公猪精液中精子质量与农场繁育水平的关系 Boar 公猪 Live Normal Sperm % 正常精力比例 Farrowing Rate % 受孕率 a ab bc c ab bcd ce Tsakmakidis et al. 2010

9 Sel-Plex vs Inorganic Selenium for young boars 青年公猪饲喂酵母硒 vs 无机硒

10 Priorities for feeding the sow in gestation. 母猪孕期饲喂优先顺序 Maximum survival of quality embryos. 最大胚胎存活率 Muscle fibre development Sow weight/condition, gain Foetal/mammary development 肌肉纤维发育, 母猪体况, 胎儿发育, 乳腺发育 Foetal growth Mammary growth Sow body condition 胎儿发育, 乳腺发育, 母猪体况母猪孕期理想体矿评分 ( 分 )

11 Recommendations for Gestating Gilts and Sows 母猪营养推荐 Nutrient 营养 Unit 单位 Gilt 后备母猪 Herd 畜群 DE 消化能 MJ DE/d DE 消化能 MJ DE/d DE 消化能 MJ DE/d SID Lysine SID 赖氨酸 d 0 90 grams/day d grams/day Total lysine 总赖氨酸 d Gram/day Information from PIC Europe Nutrient Specifications & Feeding Manual Table 7

12 Feed Intake (kg/d) Day of Gestation

13 Litter size and birth weight. 窝产子数与出生重的关系 Beaulieu et al. 2010

14 AFBI 2014

15 P. Cottney, E. Ball, E. Magowan, W.Henry. BSAS (2011) 106 Multi-parous Sows

16 Treatment 处理 Feed Level (kg) 饲喂水平 Day Day Day Day Total Feed 总饲料量

17 1 3 5

18 Treatment 处理 Feed Level (kg) 饲喂水平 Day Day Day Day Total Feed 总产仔数

Treatment 处理 Feed Level (kg) 饲喂水平 1 2 3 4 Day 4-5 2.0 2.7 2.4 2.1 Day 6-28 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.1 Day 29-85 2.

19 Treatment 处理 Feed Level (kg) 饲喂水平 Day Day Day Day Ave Piglet Weight (kg) 初生仔猪评价重

21 Long term effects of colostrum intake in piglet mortality and performance. 初乳采食量对仔猪死亡率与生长性能的长期影响 I. Declerck, J. Dewulf, S. Sarrazin and D. Maes. Journal of Animal Science, 2016, Vol. 94, pp

22 乳期间死亡率初乳采食量, 克哺Probabilities of pre-weaning mortality by colostrum intake. 初乳采食量对断奶前死亡率的影响

23 育期间死亡率初乳采食量, 克保Probabilities of mortality during the nursery period by colostrum intake. 初乳采食量对保育期死亡率的影响

24 奶重初乳采食量, 克断Weaning weights by colostrum intake for male piglets 公仔猪初乳采食量与断奶重的关系

25 宰重初乳采食量, 克屠Finishing weights by colostrum intake for male piglets 公仔猪初乳采食量与屠宰重的关系

Importance of colostrum: 初乳重要性 During the first postnatal day, energy reserves provide some 35 40% of the total energy required by the piglet to survive.

26 Importance of colostrum: 初乳重要性 During the first postnatal day, energy reserves provide some 35 40% of the total energy required by the piglet to survive. 产后第一天, 自身能量储备提供仔猪存活所需的 35-40% 能量 Glycogen reserves sufficient for first hours. 糖原储备足够支撑最初小时 The piglet must consume 150 to 170g colostrum/kg birth weight (220 to 250g for a 1.4 kg piglet) to meet energy needs. 仔猪必须进食克初乳 / 公斤出生重 ( 针对 1.4 公斤仔猪, 需要克 ) 来满足能量需求 Source of immunoglobulins and growth factors. 提供免疫球蛋白与生长因子 Close 2014

27 Before discussing lactation feeding 在讨论泌乳饲喂策略之前 What impact does weaning weight have on growth rate after weaning? 断奶后体重对断奶后续生长速度的影响?

28 Born: 初生 Light 轻 Light 轻 Heavy 重 Heavy 重 Weaned: 断奶 Light 轻 Heavy 重 Light 轻 Heavy 重 Differen ce 差异 Birth 初生 Weaning 断奶 10wks 10 周 20wks 20 周

29 Born: 初生 Light 轻 Light 轻 Heavy 重 Heavy 重 Weaned: 断奶 Light 轻 Heavy 重 Light 轻 Heavy 重 Differen t 差异 Birth 初生 Weaning 断奶 10wks 10 周 20wks 20 周 b 31.2 c 30.4 c 39.2 d Yes 87.6 b 93.8 c 90.0 b 98.6 d Yes

30 u Birth weight is important 初生重很重要 u However, if a good wean weight can be achieved this will also improve lifetime performance 然而, 如果能够达到理想的断奶体重, 那么也会提高其终生生产性能

31 What Problems do we associate with Lactation? 泌乳期问题?

32 Body Weight Loss 体况损失 >10% 0-10% Gained 增重 No Sows 母猪数量 Weaning to Re-mating (d) 断奶到发情配种时间 Sows Bred by Day 7 (%) 7 天内母猪配种比例 Total Born Second Litter 第二胎总产仔数 PIC (2012)

33 Impact of feed restriction on the performance of sows during 28 days of lactation and on next lactation performance. 限饲对母猪 28 天泌乳期以及下一个泌乳期生产性能的影响 Next lactation Parameters 指标 NPL RPL RSD Number of sows 母猪数 Litter size 窝仔猪数 At farrowing 分娩 On day 7 7 天 At weaning 断奶 Bettio et al 2016

100 multiparous Sows 100 头多胎母猪 Sows given 14 piglets to suckle 每头母猪带 14 头仔猪哺乳 3 treatments: 3 个处理 Control (13.5 MJ DE, 0.9% lysine) 对照组 (13.5 MJ DE, 0.9% lysine) Flat (14.4MJ DE, 1% lysine) 高需要量 (14.

34 100 multiparous Sows 100 头多胎母猪 Sows given 14 piglets to suckle 每头母猪带 14 头仔猪哺乳 3 treatments: 3 个处理 Control (13.5 MJ DE, 0.9% lysine) 对照组 (13.5 MJ DE, 0.9% lysine) Flat (14.4MJ DE, 1% lysine) 高需要量 (14.4MJ DE, 1% lysine) Phase feeding 阶段饲喂 Phase 1 (first two weeks of lactation; 14.4 MJ DE, 1% lysine) 阶段 1 ( 泌乳期前两周 ; 14.4 MJ DE, 1% lysine ) Phase 2 (final two weeks of lactation; 15.0 MJ DE, 1.10% lysine) 阶段 2 ( 泌乳期前两周 ; 15.0 MJ DE, 1.10% lysine )

35 Milk Yield Control, 奶产量 - 对照组

36 Milk Yield Control, Flat 奶产量 - 对照组, 高水平组

37 Diet Control 对照组 Flat 高营养组 Phase 阶段饲喂组 Birth weight 体重 Number Weaned 断奶数 Wean Weight 断奶重 8.10 a 8.59 b 8.67 b Weight out of crate 出栏重

38 Trough Management Room Temperature 水槽管理室内温度

40 On Farm Performance 农场生产性能 Magowan, McCann, Beattie, McCracken, Henry, Smyth, Bradford, Gordon and Mayne (2007). Animal Investigation of growth rate variation between commercial pig herds 关于商业猪场猪生产速度变异的调查

42 Birth Weeks

44 Consequences of Immune Activation 免疫激活的后果 Escobar, Van Alstine, Baker and Johnson (2004) J. Nutr Decreased protein accretion in pigs with viral and bacterial pneumonia is associated with increased myostatin expression in muscle 细菌性肺炎猪降低蛋白质沉积和肌肉中肌生成抑制蛋白有关

45 Effect of Mycoplasma and/or PRRS Innoculation on Pig Growth 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗接种对猪生长的影响 Item Control 对照组 M.Plasma 支原体疫苗组 PRRS 蓝耳疫苗组 M.Plasma + PRRS 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗组 Day 8-14 Ave. Daily Gain (g) 平均日增重 771 Ave. Daily Intake (g) 平均日采食量 1219 F.C.R 饲料转化效率 1.56 (Escobar et al, 2004)

46 Effect of Mycoplasma and/or PRRS Innoculation on Pig Growth 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗接种对猪生长的影响 Item Control 对照组 M.Plasma 支原体疫苗组 PRRS 蓝耳疫苗组 M.Plasma + PRRS 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗组 Day 8-14 Ave. Daily Gain (g) 平均日增重 Ave. Daily Intake (g) 平均日采食量 F.C.R 饲料转化效率 (Escobar et al, 2004)

47 Effect of Mycoplasma and/or PRRS Innoculation on Pig Growth 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗接种对猪生长的影响 Item 项目 Control 对照组 M.Plasma 支原体疫苗组 PRRS 蓝耳疫苗组 M.Plasma + PRRS 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗组 Day 8-14 Ave. Daily Gain (g) 平均日增重 Ave. Daily Intake (g) 平均日采食量 F.C.R 饲料转化效率 (Escobar et al, 2004)

48 Effect of Mycoplasma and/or PRRS Innoculation on Pig Growth 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗接种对猪生长的影响 Item 项目 Control 对照组 M.Plasma 支原体疫苗组 PRRS 蓝耳疫苗组 M.Plasma + PRRS 支原体疫苗和蓝耳疫苗组 Day 8-14 Ave. Daily Gain (g) 平均日增重 Ave. Daily Intake (g) 平均日采食量 F.C.R 饲料转化效率 (Escobar et al, 2004)

49 Health status and protein gain of young pigs (6-26 kg) 保育猪的健康状况和蛋白质沉积 (Williams et al, 1997)

50 Is All Immune Activation 所有的免疫激活 Bad News? 是坏消息吗?

51 Can We Influence the Impact of Immune Activation through dietary amino acid Levels? 我们能通过日粮氨基酸水平来影响免疫激活带来的后果吗?

52 Immune System Activation 免疫系统激活 (Pigs 6 to 27 kgs) Item ISA Dietary Lysine % 日粮赖氨酸 Feed 饲料 (kg/d) ADG 日增重 (g/d) FCR 饲料转化效率 Low 低 High 高 Low 低 High 高 Low 低 High 高 (Williams et al, 1997)

53 Immune System Activation 免疫系统激活 (Pigs 6 to 27 kgs) Item ISA Dietary Lysine % 日粮赖氨酸 Feed 饲料 Low 低 (kg/d) High 高 ADG 日增重 (g/d) FCR 饲料转化效率 Low 低 High 高 Low 低 High 高 (Williams et al, 1997)

54 Immune System Activation 免疫系统激活 (Pigs 6 to 27 kgs) Item ISA Dietary Lysine % 日粮赖氨酸水平 Feed 饲料 (kg/d) ADG 日增重 Low 低 High 高 Low 低 (g/d) High 高 FCR 饲料转化效率 Low 低 High 高 (Williams et al, 1997)

55 Impact of Performance on Weight for Age (2014) 断奶日龄体重对生产性能的影响 Live-weight (kg) 活体重 Age (days) 日龄 Good 好 Poor 差 27 (Weaning 断奶 ) (425) 17.6 (375) (725) 35.2 (650) (950) (850)

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前言种猪是猪场生产的命脉! 种猪是猪群健康的源头! 后备母猪是 : 猪场提高生产水平关键的限制因素!

前言种猪是猪场生产的命脉! 种猪是猪群健康的源头! 后备母猪是 : 猪场提高生产水平关键的限制因素! 提高母猪繁殖力的措施 --- --- 第一胎母猪的培育广西柯新源 ( 集团 ) 技术总监麦月仪 TEL:13929060281 2013.03 前言种猪是猪场生产的命脉! 种猪是猪群健康的源头! 后备母猪是 : 猪场提高生产水平关键的限制因素! 母猪繁殖障碍