literary literal Roman Jakobson Linguistics and Poetics 20

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "literary literal Roman Jakobson Linguistics and Poetics 20"

梅薛
5 years ago
Views:

1 * literaturnost literariness literarity littérarité Abstract: Chinese term wenxuexing is the Sinicization of a Russian term coined by Roman Jakobson in his Novej aja russkaja poèzija Nabrosok pervyj which was delivered in Moscow in 1919and published in Prague in The original termliteraturnost later translated into English as literariness orto a lesser degree literarity and into French as littérarité has been wrongly attributed to René Wellek because of the latter's well-known distinction of intrinsic versus extrinsic studies of literature. For all the popularity of the termnot many researchers seemed to have felt the need of contextualizing Jakobson's conceptbutin a curious wayhave unwittingly dismissed the original context by equating the term to Wellek's intrinsic study. This essay revisits Jakobson's 1919 essay albeit through the imperfect channels of English and French translationsexamines Jakobson's subsequent writings on poetic language and aphasiaand identifies the two parallel developments surrounding the concept of literaturnostwhich have laid the foundation of his poetics as both a linguistic-literary phenomenon popular in the 1960s and a neuro-cognitive phenomenon that has become the critical focus in the new Millennium. Key words: literaturnost comparative poetics Roman Jakobson neuro-cognitive science I106 A *

2 literary literal Roman Jakobson Linguistics and Poetics 20

3 Moscow Linguistic Circle Opojaz 1921 Viktor Khlebnikov Selected Writings 5 1 Thus the subject of literary scholarship is not literature but literariness literaturnostлитературностъ that isthat w hich makes a given w ork a w ork of literature Alex Preminger Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics Victor Erlich literariness In Jakobson's w ords the subject of literary scholarship is not literature in its totalitybut literarinessi.e.that w hich makes of a 1 Roman Jakobson My Futurist Years. Ed. Bengt Jangfeldt and Stephen Rudy. Trans. Stephen Rudy. New York Marsilio Publishers1997.Russian 1992 pp

4 given w ork a w ork of literature literaturnost littérarité literariness literarity literariness littérarité Caractère littéraire d'un texte ce quidans un textefait qu'il appartient la littérature dialectology Ferdinand de Saussure scientific poetics will become possible only when it refuses to offer value judgments. Wouldn't it be absurd for a linguist to assess values to dialects according to their relative merits 22

5 code message literaturnost / In factthere would be nothing left of the formalist devices. They would be completely absorbed by the ideological material entering into the construction Roman Jakobson Closing Statement Linguistics and Poetics. Style in Language ed. Thomas A. SebeokCambridgeMass. MIT Press1960p

6 literaturnost partignost party literature the socialist proletariat must put forward the principle of party literaturemust develop this principle and put it into practice as fully and completely as possible Parteiliteratur Leon Trotsky Mikhail Bakhtin Victor Zhirmunsky Boris Eichenbaum

7 1 Julia Kristeva / René Wellek the intrinsic study 1 Boris Eichenbaum La théorie de la méthode formelle dans Théorie de la littératureréunispresents et traduits par Tzvetan Todorovédition revue et corrigéeparis Seuil pp Boris Eichenbaum The Theory of the Formal Method. in Russian Formalist Criticism: Four Essays. Trans. and ed.lee T. Lemon and Marion J. Reis. Lincoln and London University of Nebraska Press1965. pp Ukr. Teoriya formalnovometoda 1926 Rus Also in Matejka and Pomorska

8 Austin Warren Theory of Literature literariness 1963 Concepts of Criticism literariness The w ork of art and its specific literariness is resolutely put into the center of literary studiesand all its biographical and social relationships are minimized or considered as purely external Slovo a Slovesnost Roman Ingarden Paul van Tieghem La Littérature comparée 26

9 1 émitteur récepteur intermediarires crénologie mésologie doxologie l'émitteur le récepteur le transmetteur crénologie mésologie ff rapports extérieurs rapports intérieurs context message addresser addressee contact code 27

10 addresser context message 1 addressee 1 addresser context message 2 addressee 2 contact contact code 1 code l'émitteur addresser le récepteur addressee 1 text 1 l'émitteur 3 message code transcoding natural language object-language 28

11 national literature 4 meta-language linguistics poetics object-language language literature language: literature: : linguistics: poetics poetics poetics Poétique de la prose Poetics of Prose 1958 verbal art Poetics deals primarily with the question. What makes a verbal message a work of art? Because the main subject of poetics is the differentia specifica of verbal art in relation to other arts and in relation to other kinds of verbal behaviorpoetics is entitled to the leading place in literary studies

12 Henry H. H. Remak meta-language linguistics poetics object-language language literature natural language national literature langue parole syntagmata paradigmata rapports syntagmatiques rapports associatifs signification communication

13 primary modeling-system secondary modeling-system Itamar Even-Zohar polysystem theory Siegfried J. Schmidt 1935 Boris Pasternak Roman Jakobson Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances in his Studies on Child Language and Aphasia. The Hague and Paris Mouton Roman JakobsonLanguage in Literatureed. Krystyna Pomorska and Stephen Rudy. CambridgeMass. Harvard University Press1987. German Roman JakobsonOn Language. Ed. Linda R. Waugh and Monique Monville-Burston. CambridgeMass. Harvard University Press

14 / / Vladimir Alexandrov 1 Roman Jakobson Studies on Child Language and AphasiaThe Hague and Paris Mouton

15 Roman Jakobson. Novej aja russkaja poèzija. Nabrosokpervyj Viktor K Xlebnikov A. Selected WritingsZ. 8 vols. 1-5The Hague Mouton6-8Berlin Mouton of Ed. Alex Preminger. Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics Z. Princeton Princeton UP Grand Larousse Universel Tome 9 Z. Paris Larousse Roman Jakobson. Modern Russian Poetry Velimir Khlebnikov A. Trans. Edward James Brown. Major Soviet Writers: Essays in CriticismC. Ed. Edward James Brown. New York Oxford University Press M. M. Bakhtin and P. N. Medvedev. The Formal Method in Literary Scholarship: A Critical Introduction to Sociological Poetics M. Trans. Albert J. Wehrle. CambridgeMass. Harvard UP1985. Rus. Formal'nyimetod v literaturovedenii ( Kriticheskoevvedenie v sotsiologicheskuiupoetiku) A. 12 Z Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Party Organisation and Party Literature A. Collected WorksZ. vol. 10Moscow Progress Publishers1962. Novaya Zhizn 12November Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Parteiorganisation und Parteiliteratur A. Band 10. Werke. 43 Bande. InstitütfürMarxismus-LeninismusBeimzk der KpdSu Z. Berlin Dietz Verlag Berlin Julia Kristeva. The Ethics of Linguistics A. Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art M. Trans. Thomas GoraAlice Jardineand Leon S. Roudiezed. Leon S. Roudiez. New York Columbia University Press1980. French Roman Jakobson. Lettre Angelo Maria Ripellino A. Le cercle de Prague Z. 2e nd. ed. Jean Pierre Faye & Léon Robel. Paris Seuil René Wellek and Austin Warren. Theory of Literature M. 3rd ed.new York Harcourt Brace & World René Wellek. The Crisis of Comparative Literature A. Comparative Literature: Proceedings of the Second Congress of the International Comparative Literature AssociationC. vol. 1. ed. W. P. Friederich. Chapel HillN. C. University of North Carolina Press René Wellek. Concepts of Criticism M. ed. Stephen G. NicholsJr. New Haven Yale University Press Paul Van Tieghem. La Littérature comparé M. Paris Armand Colin Roman Jakobson. Closing Statement Linguistics and Poetics A. Style in Language 1 Vladimir E. AlexandrovLiteratureLiterarinessand the BrainComparative Literature Spring

16 M. ed. Thomas A. SebeokCambridgeMass. MIT Press Roman Jakobson. Marginal Notes on the Prose of the Poet PasternakA. Language in Literature M. ed. Krystyna Pomorska and Stephen Rudy. CambridgeMass. Harvard University Press Roman Jakobson. My Futurist Years Z. Ed. Bengt Jangfeldt and Stephen Rudy. Trans. Stephen Rudy. New York Marsilio Publishers1997.Russian literariness 1905 partignost 1919 Opojaz literaturnost literaturnost literariness 1958 literariness literariness 1965 literariness littérarité 1968 littérarité Literarizit t literariness littérarité

中國女性書寫──國際學術研討會論文集

中國女性書寫──國際學術研討會論文集林海音的女性小說與臺灣文學史林海音的女性小說與臺灣文學史應鳳凰 * 一前言林海音長久的寫作歷史, 以及多年的編輯與出版經歷, 使她在臺灣文壇具有相當高的知名度比較於同時代其他作家, 她對戰後臺灣文學發展也有較大影響