1 kcal KJ 1kcal=4.2kJ//1kJ=0.24kcal 3 4.1*98%=4 kcal/g +CO2+ 9.45*95%=9 kcal/g +CO2+H2O (5.65-1.3)*92%=4 kcal/g + 1LO 2 1g 0.81L 5.0 kcal/l/o 2 1g 1.98L 4.7 kcal/l/o 2 1g 4.6 kcal/l/o 2 4.825 kcal/l/o 2 2ATP C~ P ATP ATP ATP NH~ P NH 2 ADP + C=NH C=NH + ATP + 9.5 kcal/mol N-CH 3 N-CH 3 CH 2 -COOH CH 2 -COOH C~ P C
ATP ATP ATP ATP ADP+H 3 PO 4 +8 kcal/mol ADP + C~P C + ATP + 9.5 kcal/mol 3 1 12-14h 20 1 h M 2 BMR kg h 1kcal 1kcal*24h* kg BMR 5% 2 2 3 10% 6% 150-200 kcal 4 5 3 120 kcal/kg3-5 1156-8 1109-11 1051-3 100>3 3 kg 10kcal Q 42kcal/kg BMR 20-39 >40 10 5%10%20%30%
3-1 PAL 75% / 1.55 1.56 25% / / 25% 1.78 1.64 75% 40% 2.10 1.82 60% / / / 45% ATP Pro-Q DRIs 1 2
CHO Southgate 1 2, 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1
CO2+H2O+ 80-120mg/dl >160mg/dl 3-3 2 24h 80-120mg% 1 2 3 1 CO 2 2-3 N ATP AA 4 5 DNARNA 6 CO 2 H 2 CH 4 50%-90%
2-10 1 >130mg% 2 <70mg% G 3 70% 55%-65% 1 98% 90% 2 1
80%-90% 2 3 1) A LDL 2) LDL 3) - 4) - HDL/LDL 1 2 3 4 DHA DHA 5 6 X > > > 2% 8g/d
1 2 3 EPA DHA 1 TCA - CoA TCA CO 2 +H 2 O+Q - - 3-4 2 1 + +
25% 2 500-800mg/d 7-150-280mg/100ml 1 Pro 2 3 4 1 2 3
1 AI 20%-30% 25%-30% 2 2% 3 59.8% 10.2% 2.5% 90.8% 15.3%-28.8% 2.7% 4.5% 3.2% 1 1 2 3 2 20 8 3 80%-90% 70%-75%
1 1 > Pro > 2 < 3 = + + 2AA 92% - 3-5
AA 1 16.3% 2 -NH 2 3 4 5 6 Pro 7 RNA Pro 8 O 2 9 VK Ca2+ 10 40%-45%
1 2 = / *100 =[ - N- N]/ N*100 = N-N/ N N N 3 1 BV BV=N /N *100 N= N- N- N- N- N= N- N- N N= N- N- N N N 2 NPU NPU BV NPU=N /N *100=BV*
3 PER 1g 10% 28d 1g PER= / 4 RPU 3-4 6 / % 100 RPU RPU= /13.09*100 5 AAS AA AA AAS= AAmg/ AAmg*100 AA AA AA AAS AA AA AA AA AA 2 AA 2 1 2 3 50-100g 4
5 6 7 8 20g 9-1 - 2-1 1 N- 2 Pro WHO1985 N N 1-3 Pro 0.63g/d/kg N 1-3 Pro 0.58g/d/kgFAO/WHO 0.60g/d/kg Pro 0.60g/d/kg 25% =0.75g/d/kg 97.5% Pro 0.9-1.2g RNI 80 70g/d
2 10%-20% 3% 11%-14% 20%-40% 15%-30% 2%-3% 6%-10% 1 200-480 / 2 AA 3 >> 4
1 GSH CHON 96% >0.01%, 100mg/d CaPSNaKClMg FeICu ZnSeMoCoCrMnFNiSiSnV 8 1 2 1 Pro 2 3 Na+K+Ca2+Mg2+ 4 Cl- HCl 5MgPK V 1
1200-1500g 99% 1% Pro 2 1 70%-80% 20%-30% ph VD VD VD / <1 1.5:1>1 11 2 D 3 150mg/d 150mg/d 15mg/d 3 1% 1 2 ATP 3 CaMgKNa 7mg% 4 K 5 6 4 1 CaPVD
2 CaPV D 3 50 4 5 200mgCa/d AI 800mg/dUL 2000mg/d 1 1% 600-900gP P 80% 2 1 Pro DNARNA 2 3 ATPC-P 4VB B1B2Vpp 5 3 45%Ca/P 70% 4 AI 700mg/dUL 3500mg/d 1
0.004% 3-5g 60%-75% 3% 1% 2 Fe 2+ Vc AA 10%-20% 1g 120d AA 20-25mg 3 H 4 5 6 1 FeOH3 ProAA A Fe2+ B Pro Vc C D
E F VAVc 2 Vc 4 / AI 1520mg/d 1 1.4-2.3g 2 15min 4h 300-700mg,1mg/L 3 Pro VA 4 5 RNI 15 11.5mg/d
1 25mg 15mg PBI 2 30% T3T4 T4 T3 3 TCA ATP 100 4 ATP 5 NaClKI=10 1 20g/d KI200 g 150 g RNI 150 g/d 1 70kg 14-21mg 1/2 1/4 3h 20%-50% 2 1 2 VE 3 CoACoQ VA VcVEVK 4 AsHg
3 4 RNI 50 g/d 1 Pro 20% 5% 1 50%-70% 2 1 97% 72% 20-35% 25% 10% 2 Pro 3 4 5 6 1gPro 3g 3 1 1000ml/d Pro
1gPro 0.411.07 0.55g 100kcal 12g 2500kcalQ 300ml 1200ml/d 2 40-50g 1500ml 500ml/d 350ml/d 150ml/d VD 1 2 g mg 3 4 A V V A V A1 V A2 3-40% V A V A V A 1VA V A 90% V A RBP V A V A 90% RBP 2 1 VA
2 V A 3 VA 4 V A 5 VA 3 V A V A - 4VA VA 1 1 VA 1-16 2 VA 5 1VA 1 g =1 gre 1 IUA=0.3 gre 1 gre =1/6 g- =1/12 g VA RE g= g+1/6- g+1/12 VA 2 VA 3 VA 300 g/dai 600-1000 gre/d D V 1 VD 10 VD2 VD3 VD VD VD
2 V D V D 25-25-OH-D 3-1 125OH 2 D 3 VD 2%-4% 1- V D 3 125OH 2 D 3 CaBP 1 25OH 2 D 3 4 VD VD 5 V D V V D 6 V D V D V D RNI 5 g/dul 20 g/d VE 1-8 -VE VE VE 2
20%-40% VE - V E VE 3 1V E 2 3 4VE VE 5 VE VE 3 V E V E VE 4 V VE 200-800mgVE/d V E V A V K 5 V E V E V E AI 14mgVE V E 0.4mgVE K K1 K2
K3K4 K1K2 1 Vk - 2 1 II 3 VK 2 VK ATP ATP 3 V K VK VK 3 WHO VK 50-70 gvk/d B1 1 NH 2 S ph 25% 120 VB1 2 V B1 30mg 80%TPP 3 VB1 TPP CoA - CoATPP
PPP TPP 4 VB1 Wernicke 90% VB1 5 1 VB1 2 VB1 3 VB1 6 VB1 VB1 0.5mg/1000kcal RNI 1.4 1.3mg/d B2 1 FMN FAD V Vc 2 VB2 VB2 VB2 VB2 3 VB2 FMNFAD
4 V B2 V B2 V B2 0.5mg/1000kcal RNI 1.4 1.2mg/d -3-1 V 2 CoI Co CoI Co N-CH3-3 CoI Co EMP-TCA 4 Q VB 5 NaHCO 3 60mg 1mgVpp VB2VB6 Vpp VB Pro 5mg/1000kcal AI 14 13mg/d
B6 1 2 VB6 70% - 3 1 2 AA Glu - 3 5- Vpp VB6 4 CoA 5 V B6 ProAA VB6 4 VB6 Pro AI 1.2mg/d 1 PABA Glu >100 B11 Vc FH2 FH4 Vc Vc B11 2 Glu Vc Co FH 4 5-10mg 0.1mg
3 AA 4 5 RNI 400 g/d B12 1 VB12 2 V B12 -Pro Ca2+ B12 - B12 VB6 B12 3 1 B12 B12 2B12 Co V B12 3 B12
4 B12 AI 2.4 g/d C 1 Vc Vc 2 Vc V Vc Vc 1500-4000mgVc <300mg Vc<0.5mg% 1.4mg% Vc Vc 3 1 Vc 2 Fe3+Fe2+ Vc Vc 3 Vc 4Vc 5Vc As PbHgAsCo
6Vc 7 Vc AA 4 Vc RNI 100mg/d VHVB7 CoR 1 CoA CoA DNA II 2 3 AI 30 g/d 1 2 AI 500mg/dUL 3500mg/d B3 - ph4-7 >100
1 CoA 1 2 TCA Q 3 CoA CoA 2 VB3 3 AI 5mg/d bioflavonoids 2-2- 1 OH` 2 3 Vc Vc 4 5 Vc Vc Vc
1 3-4`7-2 3 R OH H O - 2 L- TCA AA G CoA L- L- L- L- L- L- L- L- L- inositol
Terpenes 1-2 taxol Taxus brevifolia 3 4 600 - V A V A - 1 A - 2
2 TB- T 3 nucleic acid ; ; ; ; ; ; caffeine;theophylline;theobromine FAO/WHO1984 200mg/kg 1937 polysaccharides GF >10 1
2 3 1 heparin 2 chondroitin sulfate ABC A 3 hyaluronic acid Q (coenzymesq)(ubiquinones) CoQ VE VE CoQ CoQ 10 n=10, Q Melatonin 1 2 - - 3 4
5 SOD Cu,Zn-SOD Mn-SOD Fe-SOD O -. 2 SOD SOD SOD SOD para-aminobenzoic acid;paba PABA PABA PABA PABA lipoic acid CoA ( )laetvile nitrilosides (HCN)
2%-3% 0.5% VB 15 pangamic acid B - (GABA) (Theanine)