[] - - - Ecology, Aesthetics and Daoist Body Cultivation James Miller Department of Religious Studies Queen s University Kingston ON CanadaK7L 3N6 AbstractThis paper proposes that Daoist body cultivation can be used as a means to develop an ecological sensitivity. It does so by examining Daoist body cultivation in the light of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology of the body, and Richard Shusterman's concept of "somaesthetics." Merleau-Ponty proposed that the body constitutes the basis for phenomenological experience, but did not develop the idea of the inner body. Richard Shusterman proposed the concept of "somaesthetics" or methods of training the body's experience of the world. Using these theoretical approaches to understanding James Miller Published in Journal of Academic Research, 2010.4 1
aesthetic experience, the paper analyzes Daoist body cultivation as a means by which Daoists sought to refine and develop their experience of the inner body and its relation to the world. The paper proposes that some Daoist cultivation methods aimed to dissolve the experiential boundary between the body and the world and create an experience of the mutual interpenetration of the body and the world. Such an experience can form the aesthetic basis for an ecological sensitivity. Keywords: Daoism, ecology, aesthetics, phenomenology, ecophenomenology, somaesthetics, Merleau-Ponty 2002 1 234 2
150 3
4
- 5
- / - - tango et tangor () 6
- 1988 - - - - - - 7
- - - - 8
- - 2002 - -, 9
- 10
-- - 41000 11
existence existence to exist Dasein existence visualize 12
- 13
14
15
/ 16
17
References: Abram, David. Merleau-Ponty and the Voice of the Earth. Environmental Ethics (1988) vol. 10 (2) Bachelard, Gaston. 1942. L Eau et les rêves. Essai sur l imagination de la matière. Paris: Corti.. 1964. The Psychoanalysis of Fire. Trans. Alan C. M. Ross. Boston, MA: Beacon Press. Baudrillard, Jean. 1968. Le Système des objets. Paris: Gallimard. Carey, Seamus. Cultivating Ethos through the Body. Human Studies 23.1: 23 42 Charmaz, Kathy. 1991. Good Days, Bad Days: The Self In Chronic Illness and Time. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press Colombetti, Giovanna and Evan Thompson. 2007. The feeling body: Towards an enactive approach to emotion. Pp. 45 68 in Body in Mind, Mind in Body: Developmental Perspectives on Embodiment and Consciousness edited by Willis F. Overton, Ulrich Müller, and Judith Newman. Lawrence Erlbaum Jung, Hwa Jol. 2002. Enlightenment and the Question of the Other: A Postmodern Audition. Human Studies 25: 297 306. 2007. Merleau-Ponty's Transversal Geophilosophy. Pp. 235-258 in Merleau-Ponty and environmental philosophy: dwelling on the landscapes of thought edited by Sue Cataldi and William Hamrick. Albany: SUNY Press Kaplan, Edward K. 1972. Gaston Bachelard's Philosophy of Imagination: An Introduction. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 33.1: 1-24 Komjathy, Louis. 2008. Mapping the Daoist Body Part One: The Neijing tu in History. Journal of Daoist Studies 1: 67 92 Lane, Jeremy F. 2006. Towards a Poetics of Consumerism: Gaston Bachelard's Material Imagination and Narratives of Post-War Modernisation. French Cultural Studies 17.1: 19-34 Miller, James. 2008. The Way of Highest Clarity: Nature, Vision and Revelation in Medieval China. Magdalena, NM: Three Pines Press Nixon, Denver Vale. The Environmental Resonance of Daoist Moving Meditations. Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 10: 380 403 Sarukkai, Sundar. Inside/Outside: Merleau-Ponty/Yoga. Philosophy East and West 52.4: 459-478 18
Shusterman, Richard. 2009. Body Consciousness and Performance: Somaesthetics East and West. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 67.2:133 145 Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. 1991. The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press Watson, Burton, trans. 1968. The Complete Works of Chuang Tzu. New York: Columbia University Press 19