82 1995a&b 1995b: 34 1 2 3 4 5 2003 89 629 6 Degree of tokenism 7 8 Arnstein, 1969 90 88-89 91.09-92.08 9 1995b: 34 2000 planning GilbertSpecht1977: 1

81 108 Journal of Building and Planning National Taiwan University NUMBER 12, Dec. 2004, RESEARCH. pp. 81~108 * Let Community Direct the Planning Efforts: The Wenshan Experience in Taipei by Rosa Shiow-hwa Luo* 91.09-92.08 ABSTRACT Could the community direct the planning efforts to promote the level of autonomy in community living? The answer is yes. Researcher has coordinated the planning actions in the Wenshan District of Taipei City via some workshop learning strategies. First planning target was the District Civic Hall under the public sector s instruction, and the workshop had started at December 24 of the year 1999 with 56 active participants; then, the Wenshan Neo-vista Association was organized by majority of the participants as the representative group in the community. Up to the year of 2002-2003, the Neo-vista group was actively responsible for the planning efforts on Heart ideas to present the comprehensive planning for the near future. Keywords: community planning, citizen power, public affairs, community workshop, autonomy. 93525 9376 * Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei County, Taiwan, Republic of China 81

82 1995a&b 1995b: 34 1 2 3 4 5 2003 89 629 6 Degree of tokenism 7 8 Arnstein, 1969 90 88-89 91.09-92.08 9 1995b: 34 2000 planning GilbertSpecht1977: 1 community planning

Urban Systems Research & Engineering, Inc., 1980 Burke1979 Langton1978 Burke, 1979 1 2 Osborne and Plastrik, 1997: 229 1999 2000 Burke, 1979: 11-16 PorterfieldHall1995A Concise Guide to Community Planning Urban Systems Research & Engineering, Inc., 1980 1997: 20 Wates2000The Community Workshop Planning Handbook 1997 Hester 1999 83

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1998: 22 5 associations Friemman, 1992 6Sherry R. Arnstein1969 the ladder of citizen participation 7 1986: 70 8 1986: 70 9 89.01.24 46 90.04. 20 10 11 1997.06.27-29 1997b 1 85 1999.3.13 1999a 1999.6.21-22 1999b 2000.2.16 2000 2 89 12 13 KJ 14 15 16. local knoweledge 3 4 Greenwood & 103

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2003 316 2003 http://www.ws.gov.tw/ 70-73 2003a 2000 92 50-58 1997a 2003b 92 59-66 1997b 2001a 1999a 2001b 1999b 1997 Workshop 2000 20-22 2003 92 18-31 2003 2003.5.5 92 39-49 1995a 1995 1995b 97-113 1999 96-104 http://www.planning.taipei.gov.tw/nip/ 1986 2001 60: 66-74 2002 1992 91 13-1691.12.28 2000 2001 105

6-8 2002a 91.12. 10 2002b Frank et al. Washington D. C.: The International City. 91 Friedmann, John 1-12 1992 Empowerment: The Politic s of Alterna tive 1997 2003 2002 Greenwood, Davydd J. & Morten Levin 2002 Hester, Randolph T. & 95 2003 Langton, S. ed. 1978 Citizen Participation in America. Lexington. M.A: Lexington Books. 3-109,117 Osborne, D. & P. Plastrik 1999 the Top and Center, in Banishing Bureaucracy: the 92 32-38 2001 OURs II 1-4http://www. ours.org.tw/epaper/011101/. 49-57 Porterfield, Gerald A. & Kenneth B. Hall, Jr. 2003 York: McGraw-Hill. Urban Systems Research & Engineering, Inc. 1998 19-54 Wates, Nick, & Jeremy Brook Arnstein, Sherry R 1969 A Ladder of Citizen Participation, Journal of American Institute of Planners. 35: 216-44. Burke, Edmund M 1979 A Participatory Approach to Urban Planning. New York: Human Sciences Press. Efraim, G.I. & E. Luccehesi 1979 Citizen Participation in Planning, The Practice of Local Government Planning, 552-575. ed. S. So Development. Cambridge, M.A.: Blackwell Publishers. Gilbert, Neil, & Harry Specht 1977 Planning for Social Welfare: Issues, Models, and Tasks. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 1998 Introduction to Action Research: Social Research for Social Change. London: SAGE. 1999 1997 The Control Strategy: Shifting Control Away from Five Strategies for Reinventing Government, 203-240. ed. David Osborue, Mass: Addison-Wesley 2003 Publishing Company, Inc. 2001 1995 A Concise Guide to Community Planning. New 1980 Neighborhood Planning Primer. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 2000 The Community Planning Handbook: How people can shape their cities, towns, and villages in any part of the world. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd. 106

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