原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 001 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 * 章忠信東吳大學法律學系助理教授摘要 96 *

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1 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 001 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 * 章忠信東吳大學法律學系助理教授摘要 96 * ipr@scu.edu.tw

2 關鍵字 :

3 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 003 壹前言

4 貳國際間關於原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之發展 The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples en.pdf Article 11: 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological

5 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 15 1 c 6 7 and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature. 2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spiritual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs Article 31: 1.Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions.2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effective measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights Article 27: In those States in which ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities exist, persons belonging to such minorities shall not be denied the right, in community with the other members of their group, to enjoy their own culture, to profess and practise their own religion, or to use their own language. 7 With regard to the exercise of the cultural rights protected under article 27, the Committee

6 WIPO traditional cultural expressions, TCEs expressions of folklore, TCEs UNESCO WIPO Model Provisions for National Laws on the Protection of Expressions of Folklore Against Illicit Exploitation and Other Prejudicial Actions expressions of folklore observes that culture manifests itself in many forms, including a particular way of life associated with the use of land resources, especially in the case of indigenous peoples. Human Rights Committee, General Comment 23, Article 27 (1994): In, Compilation of General Comments and General Recommendations Adopted by Human Rights Treaty Bodies, U.N. Doc. HRI\GEN\1\Rev.1 at 38 (1994) (c) (C) Article The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone:... (c) To benefit from the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author. 9 WIPO

7 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 007 works of folklore sui generis neighboring rights system WIPO 2000 (the WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, IGC) IGC 19 THE PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS: DRAFT ARTICLES, WIPO/GRTKF/IC/19/4 10 WIPO/GRTKF/IC/28/6 11 IGC 10 WIPO ic_19_4.pdf The Protection of Traditional Cultural Expressions: Draft Articles Rev. 2 wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo_grtkf_ic_28/wipo_grtkf_ic_28_6.pdf

8 一法制依據參台灣關於原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之發展

9 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來二子法訂定

10 三宣導與輔導肆原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之思考與調整

11 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 011

13 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來

14 伍原住民族傳統智慧創作保護面臨之疑義與修正建議一智慧創作專用權之範圍 3 6 ( ) 4 7

15 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來

17 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來二智慧創作專用權之取得

18 三智慧創作專用權之主體

19 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 jw9706/1615_main.html

20 四未登記之原住民族傳統智慧創作之定位

21 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 021 public domain

22 五智慧創作專用權無溯及效果 4 7

23 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 ipso facto uncategorised/126-response /

24 六智慧創作專用權之內容 didgeridoo 33 IGC (THE PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS: DRAFT ARTICLES Rev. 2 (WIPO/GRTKF/IC/28/6) OBJECTIVES 1. To provide Indigenous [Peoples] and [local communities] [and nations] / [beneficiaries] with the [legislative, policy [and]/[or] administrative]/[and practical/appropriate] means, [including effective and accessible enforcement measures/sanctions, remedies and exercise of rights], to: (a) [ [prevent] the [misappropriation and misuse/offensive and derogatory use] of their traditional cultural expressions [and adaptations thereof];

25 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來七原住民族傳統智慧創作保護共同基金之廢止 14 13

26 陸結論

利國際公約執行情形初次報告共計三本以下合稱初次國家人權報告中英文版再接續舉辦初次國家人權報告的審查會議獲得獨立專家提供給臺灣的結論性意見與建議下稱結論性意見共同完成這史無前例的壯舉筆者有幸自 2011 年 1 月間開始參與這段過程成為法務部人權工作團隊的成員之一在總統府人權

利國際公約執行情形初次報告共計三本以下合稱初次國家人權報告中英文版再接續舉辦初次國家人權報告的審查會議獲得獨立專家提供給臺灣的結論性意見與建議下稱結論性意見共同完成這史無前例的壯舉筆者有幸自 2011 年 1 月間開始參與這段過程成為法務部人權工作團隊的成員之一在總統府人權初次國家人權報告之撰寫與審查的初步檢討與展望郭銘禮 1 法務部法制司檢察官摘要本文對於臺灣依據聯合國相關規定撰寫公民與政治權利國際公約經濟社會文化權利國際公約初次報告的過程以及辦理報告審查會議邀請獨立專家與我國政府代表進行建設性對話並應如何以國家行動計畫落實獨立專家所提供給政府的結論性意見與建議做初步檢討與展望這項人權史上的里程碑是由臺灣人民與政府以及獨立專家等國際人士共同完成

原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 001 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 * 章忠信東吳大學法律學系助理教授 摘要 96 *

原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 001 原住民族傳統智慧創作保護之過去與未來 * 章忠信東吳大學法律學系助理教授摘要 96 *