Microsoft Word tb170119苏小菱-高校教改纵横

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1 微生物学通报 Microbiology China Oct. 20, 2017, 44(10): DOI: /j.microbiol.china 高校教改纵横生物技术专业三位一体实习模式探索与实践 * 苏小菱王向军黄华宏郭恺张心齐林海萍 ( ) 摘要 : 为提高生物技术专业实践教学效果, 本文针对当前存在的校内实习多校外实习少, 参观实习多顶岗实习少, 集中实习多分散实习少这三大主要问题, 进行大胆的改革探索与实践, 构建了生产实习 + 毕业实习 + 就业的三位一体实习模式, 实施了对接就业的包括创新型管理型创业型的分类实习方法, 形成了学校实习单位学生三方共赢的实习机制, 取得了较为满意的实习效果研究成果可为高校本科生实践教学提供参考关键词 : 生物技术, 实习模式, 三位一体, 分类实习, 三方共赢 Exploration and practice on a triune exercitation mode in biotechnological specialty SU Xiao-Ling WANG Xiang-Jun HUANG Hua-Hong GUO Kai ZHANG Xin-Qi LIN Hai-Ping * (National Demonstration Center for Experimental Forestry Education, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang , China) Abstract: In order to improve the effectiveness of practical teaching in Biotechnological Specialty, exploration and practice of a reform on exercitation mode was boldly performed to solve the three major problems existing currently, including few outside-school internship, specific-job training and scattered practice while too many inside-school exercitations, visits and centralized practice. A triune exercitation mode comprising production practice+graduation practice+obtain employment was established. A classified practice method containing three types of exercitations, which is designated innovative, administrative, entrepreneurial type, was implemented to join the employment of graduates. Moreover, an exercitation system achieving the tripartite win-win situation of school, internship units and students has been formed, and showed satisfactory effects in practice. These research results can provide reference for the practical teaching of undergraduates in universities. Keywords: Biotechnology, Exercitation mode, Trinity, Classified practice, Tripartite win-win situation Foundation item: Higher Education Teaching Reform Program of Zhejiang Province (No. jg ); National Teaching Team of Forestry Protection (No. 10td148) *Corresponding author: Tel: ; zjlxylhp@163.com Received: February 15, 2017; Accepted: May 18, 2017; Published online ( May 31, 2017 基金项目 : (No. jg ) (No. 10td148) * 通讯作者 :Tel zjlxylhp@163.com 收稿日期 : 接受日期 : 优先数字出版日期 (

2 : [1] [2] 2006 ( ) 5 [3-4] [5] [6] 当前高校生物技术专业实习中存在的主要问题 1.1 校内实习多, 校外实习少 [6] [7] [8] 1.2 参观实习多顶岗实习少 ( ) [9]

3 2472 微生物学通报 Microbiol. China 2017, Vol.44, No GMP [10] 1.3 集中实习多分散实习少 2017 [11] 2 我校生物技术专业教学实习改革探索与实践构建了生产实习 + 毕业实习 + 就业的三位一体实习模式 4 3+1

4 : 实施了对接就业的包括创新型管理型创业型的分类实习方法 2010 [11] 60%

5 2474 微生物学通报 Microbiol. China 2017, Vol.44, No ( )( ) 0 ( ) % % 表 1 三位一体分类实习对学生职业规划的影响 Table 1 Influence of triune and classified practice on occupational planning of undergraduates Items 2009 ( ) Grade 2009 (control) 2010 ( ) Grade 2010 (control) 2011 Grade Grade 2012 ( ) Number of students ( ) Number of internship units ( ) Number of internship positions Proportion of students having clear occupational planning (%) 29.0b 29.6b 80.7a 80.0a a b Note: : No data available because no practice was implemented; Data labeled with a or b in the same line were those whose divergence was significant at the level of 0.05.

6 : 2475 表 2 三位一体分类实习对学生就业的影响 Table 2 Influence of triune and classified practice on obtain employment of undergraduates Items 2009 ( ) Grade 2009 (control) 2010 ( ) Grade 2010 (control) 2011 Grade Grade 2012 ( ) Number of students Proportion of students choosing innovative practice (%) Proportion of students choosing administrative practice (%) Proportion of students choosing entrepreneurial practice (%) 32.3 b 33.3 b 50.9 a 33.3 b Post-graduate enrollment rate (%) ( ) 0 c 0 c 7.0 a 6.7 b Civil servant acceptance rate (including village officials) 0 b 0 b 5.3 a 0 b Admission rate of public service unit (%) ( ) 3.2 c 0 d 3.5 b 4.4a Flexible employment rate (including independent entrepreneurial rate) (%) ( ) 61.3 a 63.0 a 33.3 c 55.6 b Agreed employment rate (Sign three parties agreement) (%) 3.2 b 3.7 a 0 c 0 c Nonemployment rate (%) Total (%) a b c d Note: Data labeled with a, b, c or d in the same line were those whose divergence was significant at the level of 形成了学校实习单位学生三方共赢的实习机制 + +

7 2476 微生物学通报 Microbiol. China 2017, Vol.44, No.10 3 三位一体分类实习成效与改进 3.1 三位一体分类实习成效明显 ( ) ( ) % 100% 4 100%

8 : 2477 Items Design of practice program Arrangement of practice base Organization and management of practice Improvement in professional knowledge and skills Training of social integrated ability Guidance of occupational planning Training of innovative ability Training of coordination and communication skills Training of practical ability Training of writing skills Training of independent learning ability Training of self-management Practice effect 表 3 三位一体分类实习问卷调查结果 Table 3 Results of questionnaire to the triune and classified practice (%) Innovative practice A B C D. Entrepreneurial practice Administrative practice A B C D A B C D A B C D Note: A: Completely satisfied; B: Satisfied; C: Mostly satisfied; D: Dissatisfied ( 500 ) QC ( ) 3 QA ( ) ( 10 ) 1

9 2478 微生物学通报 Microbiol. China 2017, Vol.44, No 三位一体分类实习存在主要问题与改进措施 3 100% 4 84% 10% 6% % 10% 3% % 7% 3% % 参考文献 [1] Cao XY, Kang JF. Exploration and practice of diversified productive practice mode in biotechnological specialty[j]. Education Teaching Forum, 2016(47): (in Chinese),. [J]., 2016(47): [2] Guo AY. The measure to improve quality of graduation paper in biotechnological specialty[j]. Learning Weekly, 2017(4): 7-8 (in Chinese). [J]., 2017(4): 7-8 [3] Han XC, Xiong Y, Wang CW. Examples and exercitation of production on practical base off university campus in biotechnological specialty[j]. Education Teaching Forum, 2013(15): (in Chinese),,. [J]., 2013(15): [4] Shen DL, Li J, Jiang X. Status quo and development of microbial fertilizer industry in China[J]. China Agricultural Information, 2014(18): 41-42,64 (in Chinese)

: 2479,,. [J]., 2014(18): 41-42,64 [5] Jin AJ, Jiang H, Zheng YL. Exploring and practicing the training of talents of agricultural biotechnology industry on the national base[j].

10 : 2479,,. [J]., 2014(18): 41-42,64 [5] Jin AJ, Jiang H, Zheng YL. Exploring and practicing the training of talents of agricultural biotechnology industry on the national base[j]. Journal of Biology, 2015, 32(4): (in Chinese),,. [J]., 2015, 32(4): [6] Wu N, Chen J. Study on the development strategy of human resource size and structure of Chinese biological industry[j]. Management and Technology of Small and Medium Enterprise, 2014(36): (in Chinese),. [J]., 2014(36): [7] Han LM. Deliberate and practice on improving quality of production practice in biotechnological and applied specialty[j]. Chinese Power Education, 2014(24): (in Chinese). [J]., 2014(24): [8] Cai B, Chen WG, Ya HY, et al. Production practice for biotechnology majors in local universities[j]. Research and Exploration in Laboratory, 2014, 32(6): ,390 (in Chinese),,,. [J]., 2014, 32(6): ,390 [9] Lin HP, Zhang LQ, Zhang X, et al. Application of discuss-based teaching methods for microbiology teaching[j]. Microbiology China, 2010, 37(7): (in Chinese),,,. [J]., 2010, 37(7): [10] Li T, Qu XY, Lin WY, et al. Opinions and practice on improving the quality of production practice of biotechnology specialty: Taking Shaanxi Normal University for example[j]. Value Engineering, 2011, 30(1): (in Chinese),,,. [J]., 2011, 30(1): [11] Lin HP, Huang JQ, Si JP, et al. Exploring and practicing the classification training of undergraduate student in university[j]. China Education Innovation Herald, 2013(34): (in Chinese),,,. [J]., 2013(34): 邀请您关注微生物学通报公众微信号编辑部公告 1 wswxtb ; 2

Microsoft Word - 793-797 tb20150504赵宏宇s-高校教改纵横.doc

Microsoft Word - 793-797 tb20150504赵宏宇s-高校教改纵横.doc 微生物学通报 Microbiology China tongbao@im.ac.cn Apr. 20, 2016, 43(4): 793 797 http://journals.im.ac.cn/wswxtbcn DOI: 10.13344/j.microbiol.china.150504 高校教改纵横生物工程专业发酵课程群建设探索 * 赵宏宇