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郭段
7 years ago
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3 % 1978 SSPA Secondary School Places Allocation System

4 4 17 blocks SSPA randomness degree of mixed-ability % post-compulsory education 1978

5 % % 5% % 7% 1 socio-economic composition

6 segregation indexes Lo et al., 1997; Tsang, between-school sum of square total sum of square Willms, 1986, p

7 % 40% 50%

8 8 5 30% 25%

9 % % % % % % % % % % % % Ho & Willms, 1996 Ho, 1997 Willms, 1993

10 % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Willms, 1992

11 11 disadvantage 1996 p

12 12 20% band five p. 5-4 critical and effective compensatory education student-intakes homogeneous accumulative or even amplifying effects educational input-process-output self-perpetuating mechanism Lo et at., 1997

13 13 rational choice theory prisoner s dilemma Parfit, 1986 self-

14 14 defeating public goods

15 15 A C SSPA SSP A B D SSPA SSPA

16 SSPA D B C SSPA A A SSPA

17 17 representations

18 18 homogeneous

19 19 dropout talent

20 20 the intensiveness of selection the extensiveness of selection mixed ability 2 high stake banding

21 21 continuous assessment multiple attempts

22 22 3 accommodating social engineering

23 a Robins & Webster, 1999, Ch a Ho, S. C., & Willms, J. D. (1996). The effect of parental involvement on the achievement of eighth grade students. Sociology of Education, 69,

24 24 Ho, S. C. (1997). The contribution of cultural capital and social capital on parental involvement in British Columbia elementary schools. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Canada. Lo, N. K. L. et al. (1997). A survey of the effectiveness of Hong Kong secondary school system. Final Report of Earmarked Grant Project submitted to Research Grant Council, Hong Kong. Parfit, D. (1986). Prudence, morality, and the prisoner s dilemma. In J. Elster (Ed.), Rational choice (pp ). Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Robins, K., & Webster, F. (1999). Times of the technoculture: From the information society to the virtual life. London: Routledge. Willms, J. D. (1986). Social class segregation and its relationship to pupils examination in Scotland. American Sociological Review, 51(2), Willms, J. D. (1993). Training of ministry researchers on monitoring performance. An extensive workshop organized for the Ministry of Education, Singapore. Willms, J. D. (1992). Monitoring school performance: A guide for educators. Washington, DC: The Falmer Press.

25 Where Do We Start? Where Are We Heading? In Search of an Empirical Foundation for the Framework for Education Reform 25 Tsang Wing-kwong (Abstract) In the document entitled Review of Education System: Framework for Education Reform, the Education Commission has outlined a comprehensive proposal for the reform of the Hong Kong education system. However, to my surprise, the Education Commission has not provided any empirical diagnosis or evidence to justify why Hong Kong education system should be reformed according to their design and not otherwise. As in most public policy reform, it should begin with a diagnosis of the status quo of the policy environment, which the reform is about to intervene. To this aim, this paper will provide an empirical diagnosis of the Hong Kong schooling system. Based on empirical findings generated in local research in recent years, I shall highlight that there are three salient features in Hong Kong schooling system, which must be addressed by the reform-prone Education

26 26 Commission. These features are (1) the segregated elitistic secondary school system, (2) the accumulating and amplifying differentials in students academic achievement, and (3) an intensive examination-drilling culture. I shall argue that these three features have formed a triangular vicious cycle, which has caused devastating effects on the schooling process and more importantly on the well beings of students and teachers for the last twenty years. Based upon these empirical findings, I shall put forth my proposal for the reform of the Hong Kong education system.

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content Hong Kong Teachers Centre JournalVol. 6 Hong Kong Teachers Centre 2007 (1994-2005) Learning experience in public-exam-oriented "Liberal Studies" an analysis of AS Liberal Studies examination reports (1994-2005)