Microsoft Word - 1--张珊_new_.doc

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1 38 5 Vol. 38, No ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA Sep., doi: / 张珊艾庆辉麦康森徐玮韩冰 (, ) : (Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther), 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% (0%CAA 25%CAA 50%CAA 75%CAA 100%CAA), 25% (C-25%CAA), [ (0.094±0.02) g, 35 ], 150, 28d,, (P<0.05), (C-25%CAA) (P>0.05) (P<0.05), 75% 100% (P<0.05), 25% (C-25%CAA) 50% (P>0.05) (P<0.05) (LA) (AP) ( ) (P<0.05), (C-25%CAA) (P>0.05) (GPT/ALT) (GOT/AST) (P<0.05), 50% 75% 100% 25% (C-25%CAA),, 25%,, : ; ; ; ; ; 中图分类号 : S965.3 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2014) (Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther),,,,,, [1, 2],,,,,,,,,, [3, 4] [5, 6] [7],,,, [8 11],, 收稿日期 : ; 修订日期 : 基金项目 : ( : CARS50-G08) 作者简介 : (1987 ),,, ; zhangshan719@126.com 通信作者 :,, qhai@ouc.edu.cn

2 802 38,,, , (0.094±0.02) g 2700, 18, 150,, 24 25, ph , , 7.9 W/m 2 2,,, 15 30, 30 35, 35, 5 (7:00 10:00 15:00 19:00 22:00),, 28d 1.2 [12] 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% (0%CAA 25%CAA 50%CAA 75%CAA 100%CAA), 25% (C-25%CAA) ( 1) 2, (C-25%CAA ), López-Alvarado [13] (63 ), 24h, 2 ml 5 ml AOAC [14], 105, ; (Kjeltec-2300, Sweden) ; (B-801, Switherland) ;, 0.02 g 6 mol/l h, 50 ml (Milli-Q system), 2 ml 5 ml (VD23, Germany), 2 ml, 3, 2 ml loading-buffer, ph (Biochrom 30, GE, England), Ribeiro, et al. [15], 0,, Holm, et al. [16], Nα Benzoyl DL arginine p nitroanilide (BAPNA, B 4875, Sigma) Métais Bieth [17] Bessey, et al. [18] Maroux, et al. [19] Cahu, et al. [20], 50 mmol/l 2 mmol/l Tris, 0.1 mol/l CaCl 2, 9000 g 10min,, g 20min 0.1 mol/l KCl, 5 mmol/l Tris-Hepes 1 mmol/l DTT, (AST/GOT) (GPT/ALT) (mu/mg protein) Bradford [21], (BSA, A 2153, Sigma) 5 (v/w) 0, (Shimadzu, UV 2401PC) 1.4 SPSS 17.0 (ANOVA), (P<0.05), Tukey ± 2 2.1,

3 5 : 803 Tab. 1 Ingredients 表 1 实验饲料配方 (%, 干重 ) Formulation and chemical composition of the experimental diets (%, dry matter) Diet1 (0% CAA) Diet2 (25% CAA) ( %) Diet No.(Substitution level %) Diet3 (50% CAA) Diet4 (75% CAA) Diet5 (100% CAA) Diet6 (C-25% CAA) 1 Fish meal LT-shrimp meal LT-squid meal CAA Fish oil α- α-starch Sodium alginate Vitaminpremix Mineral premix Cholinechloride ( ) Mold inhibitor ( ) Antioxidant ( ) Attractant Lecithin Proximate composition Crude protein Crude lipid Ash : 1., ( ) 71.5%, 5.31 %; 53% 73%, 3.2% 4.6%; 2. (g/kg):, 67.4;, 30.5;, 44.2;, 80.9;, 31.9;, 45.2;, 51.3;, 61.7;, 98.6;, 49.0;, 42.3;, 36.4;, 148.6;, 66.0;, 13.5;, 81.9;, 38.8;, 12.0; 3. [12] Note: 1. Commercially available from Haiyun Biotech Co, LTD. Zhejiang Province, elementary composition (dry matter): White fish meal, crude protein, 71.5%, crude lipid, 5.31%; Krill meal and Squid meal, crude protein53% and 73% respectively, crude lipid, 3.2% and 4.8% respectively; 2. Mixed amino acids (g/kg): Arginine, 67.4; Histidine, 30.5; Isoleucine, 44.2; Leucine, 80.9; Methionine, 31.9; Threonine, 45.2; Valine, 51.3; Alanine, 61.7; Aspartic acid, 98.6; Serine, 49.0; Phenylalanine, 42.3;Tyrosine, 36.4; Glutamic acid, 148.6; Glycine, 66.0; Cystine, 13.5; Lysine, 81.9; Prosine, 38.8; Tryptophan, 12.0; 3. Composition of Vitamin premix and Mineral premix are according to Liu, et al. [12], (C-25% CAA )(22.36 mu/mg protein) (22.17 mu/mg protein) (P>0.05), (P<0.05), (C-25%CAA )(24.16 mu/mg protein) (24.92 mu/mg protein) (P>0.05), (P<0.05), 100%CAA (11.11 mu/mg protein) (P<0.05), 75% 100% (P<0.05), 25% (C-25% ) 50% (P>0.05)( 3),, (C-25%CAA )(1.04 U/mg protein) (1.05 U/mg protein) (P>0.05), (P<0.05), (C-25%CAA )(1.22 U/mg protein) 100% (2.56 U/mg protein)(p<0.05)( 3)

4 Amino acid EAA Tab. 2 Diet1 (0% CAA) 表 2 实验饲料氨基酸组成 (%, 干重 ) Amino acid profiles of the experimental diets (%, dry matter) ( %) Diet No.(Substitution level %) Diet2 (25% CAA) Diet3 (50% CAA) Diet4 (75% CAA) Diet5 (100% CAA) Diet6 (C-25% CAA) Arginine Histinine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Valine EAA NEAA Alanine Asparticacid Cystine Glutamicacid Glycine Serine Tyrosine Prosine NEAA : 3 Note: Values are the mean of triplicate samples (LA), (C-25%CAA )( mu/mg protein) ( mu/ mg protein) (P>0.05), (P<0.05) LA LA, 25% (80.29 mu/mg protein) (C-25%CAA )(95.18 mu/mg protein) (95.09 mu/mg protein) (P>0.05), (P<0.05), (AP) 25% ( U/mg protein) (C-25%CAA )( U/mg protein) ( U/mg protein) (P>0.05) AP AP (C-25%CAA ) ( U/mg protein) ( U/mg protein) (P>0.05), (P<0.05)( 3) 2.2 (GPT/ALT) (AST/GOT) GPT (27.68 U/mg protein), 25% (33.30 U/mg protein) (C-25% CAA )(28.30 U/mg protein) (P>0.05), 50% 75% 100% (P<0.05) GOT (27.75 U/mg protein), 25% (32.75 U/mg protein) (C-25% CAA )(29.50 U/mg protein) (P>0.05), 50% 75% 100% (P<0.05) ( 3)

5 5 : 805

6 , [22], (Trypsin(I) / Trypsin(P)) [19], 75% 100%, 25% (C-25% ) 50% 50%,, [23] [20],,, (C-25% ), [20] [24], (Pagrosomus major),,,, [22, 25 28] (AP) (LA),, [29, 30] Galaviz [31] (Atractoscion nobilis), (LA),,,,, (C-25% CAA ), 25% CAA,,, [20] 25%,,, [32], (GPT/ALT) (AST/ GOT),,, (GPT/ALT) (AST/GOT), 50% 75% 100% 25%,,, [33],,, [34],,,,, [35, 36],,, 25%,,,, 25%, 9%, [1] Li S Z, Wang H M. Fauna Sinica Ostichthyes Pleuronecti forms [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 1995, 68 [,.. :. 1995, 68] [2] Wan R J, Jang Y W, Zhuang Z M. Morphological and developmental characters at the early stages of the tongue

7 5 : 807 fish Cynoglossus semilaevis [J]. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 2004, 50(1): [,,.., 2004, 50(1): ] [3] Carvalho A P, Sa R, Oliva-Teles A, et al. Solubility and peptide profile affect the utilization of dietary protein by common carp (Cyprinus carpio) during early larval stages [J]. Aquaculture, 2004, 234(1 4), [4] Rønnestad I, Conceição L E C, Aragão C, et al. Assimilation and catabolism of dispensable and indispensable free amino acids in post-larval Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 2001, 130C(4), [5] Zambonino-Infante J L, Cahu C. Development and response to a diet change of some digestive enzymes in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae [J]. Fish Physiology Biochemistry, 1994, 12(5): [6] Ji H, Sun H T, Tian J J, et al. Digestive enzyme activity during early larval development of the paddlefish Polyodon spathula [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2012, 36(3): 1 9 [,,,.., 2012, 36(3): 1 9] [7] Zambonino-Infante J L, Cahu C L. Influence of diet on pepsin and some pancreatic enzymes in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 1994, 109A(2): [8] Moyano F J, Cardenete G, De la Higuera M. Nutritive and metabolic utilization of proteins with high glutamic acid content by the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 1991, 100A(3): [9] Fournier V, Gouillou-Coustans M F, Metailler R, et al. Excess dietary arginine affects urea excretion but does not improve nitrogen utilisation in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and turbot Psetta maxima [J]. Aquaculture, 2003, 217(1 4): [10] Gomez-Requeni P, Mingarro M, Kirchner S, et al. Effects of dietary amino acid profile on growth performance, key metabolic enzymes and somatotropic axis responsiveness of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) [J]. Aquaculture, 2003, 220(1 4): [11] Peres H, Oliva-Teles A. The effect of dietary protein replacement by crystalline amino acid on growth and nitrogen utilization of turbot Scophthalmus maximus juveniles [J] Aquaculture, 2005, 250(3 4): [12] Liu F, Mai K S, Ai Q H, et al. Effects of dietary fish protein hydrolysate levels on growth, survival and body composition of larvae in Pseudosciaena crocea [J]. Journal of Fishes of China, 2006, 304(4): [,,,.., 2006, 304(4): ] [13] López-Alvarado J, Langdon C J, Teshima S I, et al. Effects of coating and encapsulation of crystalline amino acids on leaching in larval feeds [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 122(4): [14] Williams S. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). Official Methods of Analysis, 16 th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists [M]. Arlington: VA USA. 1995, 1298 [15] Ribeiro L, Zambonino-Infante J L, Cahu C, et al. Digestive enzymes profile of Solea senegalensis post larvae fed Artemia and a compound diet [J]. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002, 27(1 2): [16] Holm H, Hanssen L E, Krogdahl A, et al. High and low inhibitor soybean meals affect human duodenal proteinase activity differently: in vivo comparison with bovine serum albumin [J]. Nutrition, 1988, 118(4): [17] Métais P, Bieth J. Determination de I α-amylase par une microtechnique [J]. Annales Biologie Clinique, 1968, 26: [18] Bessey O A, Lowry O H, Brock M J. Rapid coloric method for determination of alkaline phosphatase in five cubic millimeters of serum [J]. Biological Chemistry, 1946, 164: [19] Maroux S, Louvard D, Baratti J. The aminopeptidase from hog-intestinal brush border [J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1973, 321(1): [20] Cahu C, Zambonino-Infante J L. Early weaning of sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax larvae with a compound diet: effect on digestive enzymes [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 1994, 109A(2): [21] Bradford M M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding [J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 1976, 72: [22] Cahu C, Zambonino-Infante J L. Maturation of the pancreatic and intestinal digestive functions in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): effect of weaning with different protein sources [J]. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 1995, 14(6): [23] Cahu C L, Zambonino-Infante J L, Barbosa V. Effect of dietary phospholipid level and phospholipids: neutral lipid value on the development of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae fed a compound diet [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 90: [24] Wang C G, Chen P J, Gun Y, et al. Effect of different diets on digestive enzymes activity of Pagrosomus major juvenile [J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 1998, 20(4): [,,,.., 1998, 20(4): ] [25] Liu B Z, Zhu X M, Lei W, et al. Variation of digestive enzymes and mouth width during larval development of Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris günther) feed with Artemia [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2013, 37(1): [,,,.

8 , 2013, 37(1): ] [26] Kurokawa T, Suzuki T. Development of intestinal brush border amino peptidase in the larval Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus [J]. Aquaculture, 1998, 162(1 2): [27] Ribeiro L, Sarasquete C, Dinis M T. Histological and histochemical development of the digestive system of Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858) larvae [J]. Aquaculture, 1999, 171(3 4): [28] Ma H M, Cahu C, Zambonino-Infante J L, et al. Activities of selected digestive enzymes during larval development of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) [J]. Aquaculture, 2005, 245(1 4): [29] Segner H, Rösch R, Schmidt H, et al. Digestive enzymes in larval Coregonus larvaretus L[J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 1989, 35(2): [30] Cahu C, Zambonino-Infante J L, Escaffre A M, et al. Preliminary results on sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax larvae rearing with compound diet from first feeding, comparison with carp Cyprinus carpio larvae [J]. Aquaculture, 1998, 169(1 2): 1 7 [31] Galaviz M A, García-Gasca A, Drawbridge M, et al. Ontogeny of the digestive tract and enzymatic activity in white seabass, Atractoscion nobilis, larvae [J]. Aquaculture, 2011, 318(1 2): [32] Segovia-Quintero M A, Reigh R C. Coating crystalline methionine with tripalmitin-polyvinyl alcohol slows its absorption in the intestine of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus [J]. Aquaculture, 2004, 238(1 4): [33] Lovell R T. Nutrition of aquaculture species [J]. Animal Science, 1991, 69(10): [34] Cowey C B. Protein and amino acid requirements: a critique of methods [J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 1995, 11(3 4): [35] Kim K I, McMillan I, Bayley H S. Determination of amino acid requirements of young pigs using an indicator amino acid [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 1983, 50(2): [36] Ballantyne J S. Amino Acid Metabolism [M]. In: Wright P A, Anderson A J (Eds.), Fish Physiology, 2001, EFFECTS OF FISH MEAL REPLACEMENT WITH CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACID ON DIGESTIVE AND METABOLIC ENZYMES OF TONGUE SOLE (CYNOGLOSSUS SEMILAEVIS GÜNTHER, 1873) LARVAE ZHANG Shan, AI Qing-Hui, MAI Kang-Sen, XU Wei and HAN Bing (Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Certificated by Education Ministry of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao , China) Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of fish meal protein by crystalline amino acids on digestive enzymes and metabolism enzymes in tongue sole larvae. Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated to replace 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% fish meal (0% CAA, 25% CAA, 50% CAA, 75% CAA and 100% CAA) respectively. At the replacement level of 25%, another diet was formulated with amino acids coated with tripalmitin (C-25% CAA). Each micro diet was randomly fed to triplicate groups of fish, and each group had 150 fish. The results showed that the activities of trypsin significantly decreased with increasing dietary crystalline amino acids, but there were no significant differences between C-25% CAA and 0% CAA (P>0.05). The ratio of Trypsin(I) to Trypsin(P) significantly decreased with increasing dietary crystalline amino acids, and 0% CAA was significantly higher than 75% CAA and 100% CAA. The activities of amylase significantly increased with increasing dietary crystalline amino acids. The activities of leucine-amino peptidase and alkaline-phosphatase in intestine and purified brush border membrane of intestine significantly decreased with increasing dietary crystalline amino acids, but no significant differences were observed between C-25% CAA and 0% CAA (P>0.05). Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease significantly increased with increasing dietary crystalline amino acids. In conclusion, crystalline amino acids in the micro diet significantly influenced the digestive and metabolic enzymes of tongue sole larvae. In the replacement level of 25%, Comparing with 25% CAA group crystalline amino acids coated with tripalmitin (C-25% CAA) could promote the development of digestion system in tongue sole larvae. Key words: Tongue sole; Larval; Amino acid; Enzymes; Nutrition; Metabolism

600 现代药物与临床 Drugs & Clinic 第 31 卷第 5 期 2016 年 5 月 were significantly decreased, but the levels of IL-12 in two groups were significantly increa

600 现代药物与临床 Drugs & Clinic 第 31 卷第 5 期 2016 年 5 月 were significantly decreased, but the levels of IL-12 in two groups were significantly increa 现代药物与临床 Drugs & Clinic 第 31 卷第 5 期 2016 年 5 月 599 喘可治注射液联合细辛脑注射液治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床研究唐辉英, 佘定平, 马颐娇深圳市儿童医院呼吸科, 广东深圳 518026 摘要 : 目的探讨喘可治注射液联合

Microsoft Word - 1--张 珊_new_.doc

Microsoft Word - 1--张珊_new_.doc