: 1035 strate culture. Keywords: Watermelon, Fusarium resistant, Rhizosphere microbial, Microbial culture, (Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. niveum),,, [1,2

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1 微生物学通报 JUL 20, 2008, 35(7): 1034~1038 Microbiology 2008 by Institute of Microbiology, CAS 研究报告抗感枯萎病西瓜根际微生物比较研究 * 雷娟利寿伟松董文其徐志豪 ( ) 摘要 : 本文通过传统微生物培养方法, 研究了在土培和基质培条件下, 抗感枯萎病西瓜不同生育期根际和非根际微生物数量的变化结果表明, 微生物数量在根际显著高于在非根际微生物, 且随西瓜生长发育的阶段不同而变化, 苗期根际微生物数量最少, 以后随西瓜生长发育, 根际微生物数量不断增加, 至生长旺盛的开花结果期, 微生物数量达到最高, 在西瓜生长发育后期, 根际微生物数量又有所回落西瓜抗枯萎病性与根际细菌的数量具有相关性, 在生长发育各个阶段, 无论是土培还是基质培, 均表现为抗病材料的根际细菌数量高于感病材料的根际细菌数量根际真菌与放线菌数量与西瓜的抗感枯萎病性没有相关性非根际微生物数量在整个生育期变化辐度较小非根际细菌数量在土培条件下几乎保持在同一水平, 在基质培条件下迅速增加, 至生长后期有所回落非根际真菌与放线菌数量在土培和基质培条件下均于生长后期达到最高关键词 : 西瓜, 枯萎病抗性, 根际微生物, 微生物培养 Comparison of Rhizosphere Microorganisms Between Fusarium Wilt Resistant and Susceptible Watermelon LEI Juan-Li SHOU Wei-Song DONG Wen-Qi XU Zhi-Hao * (Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou ) Abstract: In this paper, the number of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere microbial organisms of fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible watermelon under soil culture and soilless substrate culture was studied by traditional culture methods. The results showed that, the number of rhizoshpere microorganisms was significantly higher than non-rhizosphere, and the number was changed with the stage of watermelon grow, the number was the lowest in seedling stage and increased with the watermelon grow, and achieved highest at the flowering and fruiting stage, decreased with the watermelon ageing. The fusarium wilt resistant of watermelon was correspondence with number of rhizosphere bacteria; the number of rhizosphere bacteria of resistant watermelon was higher than that of susceptible watermelon in each stage under soil culture and soilless culture. The fusarium wilt resistant of watermelon is no correspondence with number of rhizosphere fungi and actinomycete. The number of non-rhizosphere microbial organisms was changed in a small range in the whole growing stage. The non-rhizosphere bacteria have no significant change in the whole stage under soil culture and increased quickly under soilless substrate culture and decreased at the later stage. The non-rhizosphere fungi and actinomycete reached highest at the later stage under soil culture or soilless sub- 基金项目 : (No. Y305626) * 通讯作者 : : xuzhihao@sohu.com.cn 收稿日期 : ; 接受日期 :

2 : 1035 strate culture. Keywords: Watermelon, Fusarium resistant, Rhizosphere microbial, Microbial culture, (Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. niveum),,, [1,2] [3] Yoshitaka, [4] [5,6],, 1 材料与方法 1.1 试验材料 Calhoun Gray( ), sugar baby 1.2 田间试验 2006, 10 cm 10 cm, 3~4 50, 1.3 取样方法 , ( ) ( ) ( ),, ( ), ( ) ( ) 6 ( ) 1, 3, ; ( ), 5 cm~15 cm ( ) ( ), 6 1, 3, 1.4 微生物的培养, -, [7] 2 结果与分析 2.1 抗感枯萎病西瓜不同生育期根际与非根际细菌比较 1, 9 5 1,, ,, ,,,, 1 2, 2,,, 4 10~13,, 4,,, 3, 4,,,,

3 1036 微生物学通报 2008, Vol.35, No.7 图 1 不同生育期抗感枯萎病西瓜根际细菌数量的比较 Fig. 1 Comparison of rhizosphere bacteria quantity between 图 3 不同生育期抗感枯萎病西瓜根际真菌数量的比较 Fig. 3 Comparison of rhizosphere fungi quantity between 图 2 不同生育期抗感枯萎病西瓜非根际细菌数量的比较 Fig. 2 Comparison of bulk bacteria quantity between 2.2 抗感枯萎病西瓜不同生育期根际非根际真菌比较 3, 3, 4, 4, 1 3,, 3, ( 3, 4), 1 2, 3 4, 3, 4 图 4 不同生育期抗感枯萎病西瓜非根际真菌数量的比较 Fig. 4 Comparison of bulk fungi quantity between Fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible watermelon 2.3 抗感枯萎病西瓜不同生育期根际非根际放线菌比较 5, 1, 2 3,, ,, 3, 5 6,, 3,, 4,, 3,, 4

4 : 1037 图 5 不同生育期抗感枯萎病西瓜根际放线菌数量的比较 Fig. 5 Comparison of rhizosphere actinomycete quantity between 图 6 不同生育期抗感枯萎病西瓜非根际放线菌数量的比较 Fig. 6 Comparison of bulk actinomycete quantity between 3 讨论, [8],,, > > [9], 10 2, 10 1,,,,,,,,, [10],,, 4~5,,, [11], [12 14] 15,,, [ 15],,,,, [16], 参考文献 [1],.., 2002, 19(9): [2] Whipps JM. Microbial interactions and biocontrol in the rhizosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2001, 52(special issue):

5 1038 微生物学通报 2008, Vol.35, No.7 [3],,,.., 2002, 21(5): [4] Yoshitaka S, Masaya N, Tomoko O, et al. Comparison of bacterial community structures in the rhizosphere of tomato plants grown in soils suppressive and conducive towards bacterial wilt. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1999, 65(9): [5],.., 2000, 134(5): 60. [6].., 2000, 3: [7],.. :, [8],,,.., 2007, 38(1): [9],,,.., 1999, 19(2): [10] Herndl GJ, Mueller-Niklas G, Frick J. Major role of ultraviolet-b radiation in controlling bacterioplankton growth in the surface layer of the ocean. Nature, 1993, 361(6414): [11] Larkin RP. Effect of successive watermelon plantings on Fusarium oxysporum and other microorganismms in soils suppressive and conductive to Fusarium wilt of watermelon. Phytopathology, 1993, 83(10): [12],.., 2001, 32(6): [13],,,.., 1998, 12(6) [14],,,.., 2002, 5(2): [15],.., 1994, 21(3): [16],,,.,., 1998, 28(4): 稿件书写规范论文中计量单位的表示方法, GB ( ),, : d; h; min; s : mol/l, M ( ) N( ) : r/min, rpm : Pa kpa MPa : OD( ) : D kd, bp kb :,, : t(h) (, ) :, ( % ) : 20 cm 0.3 cm, cm; 3 ~5 3~5 ; 3 ~6 3~6

第期李伟等用方法对中国历史气温数据插值可行性讨论

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