九州大学学術情報リポジトリ Kyushu University Institutional Repository 日中間の学生における精神的健康への計画行動理論の予測力橋本, 公雄九州大学健康科学センター胡, 嘉明中国貴州大学外国語学院藤永, 博和歌山大学経済学部 Refer, Lutz Ba

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1 九州大学学術情報リポジトリ Kyushu University Institutional Repository 日中間の学生における精神的健康への計画行動理論の予測力橋本, 公雄九州大学健康科学センター胡, 嘉明中国貴州大学外国語学院藤永, 博和歌山大学経済学部 Refer, Lutz Baylor University 他出版情報 : 健康科学. 30, pp.27-37, 九州大学健康科学センターバージョン : 権利関係 :

2 Vol.30, ), 2), 3), Rafer Lutz 4) Predictive Ability of the Theory of Planned Behavior for Mental Health Outcomes in Japanese vs. Chinese Students Kimio HASHIMOTO 1), Kamei KO 2), Hiroshi FUJINAGA 3) and Rafer LUTZ 4) Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences between Japanese and Chinese students utilizing constructs derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as correlates of mental health outcomes. One hundred ninety nine Japanese and 198 Chinese male and female students participated in this study. Participants completed a questionnaire including Godin's leisure time exercise scale, TPB constructs (behavior, behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control) and the Mental Health Pattern (MHP: Hashimoto, 1992). Results of correlation analysis indicated that there were significant relationships among the TPB constructs for all students, yet the magnitude of these relationships was generally greater for Chinese students in comparison to Japanese students. Of particular interest, the correlation between subjective norm and behavioral intention were higher for Chinese students compared to Japanese students. Results of Gender (2) Nationality (2) ANOVA indicated that Chinese students and male students exhibited greater perceived behavioral control and intention to exercise than Japanese student and female students, but there was no difference between Japanese and Chinese students considering self-reported exercise behavior. Correspondence between behavioral intention and exercise behavior in the questionnaire is discussed. On the MHP, Japanese students indicated lower stress and QOL than Chinese students. In addition, there were no positive correlations between exercise and mental health in Chinese students. Thus, other moderating factors affecting the positive relationship between exercise and mental health in Chinese students are suggested. This study revealed that there are cross-cultural differences between Japanese and Chinese students concerning TPB-derived constructs and their relation to mental health outcomes. 1) Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University 11, Kasuga, Japan * Tel/Fax *Correspondence to: Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, , Japan address: hashimoto@ihs.kyushu-u.ac.jp 2) The Foreign Language Department of Guizhou University, China address: kokamei@hotmail.com 3) Faculty of Economics, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Wakayama, , Japan 4) Baylor University, Waco, Texas, 76798, USA

3 30, Ajzen 1) Fishbein & Ajzen 2) Theory of Reasoned Action: TRA, Theory of Planned Behavior TPB, TRA TPB,,,, TRA TPB, 1, TPB, 3,,, TRA,,, Attitude toward Behavior TRA Subjective Subjective Behavioral Behavioral Behavior Norm Norm Intention Behavior TPB Intention Perceived Behavioral Control Fig. 1. The theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior TRA Riddle 3),, (r=.82, p<.01),, 55.1%(R=.74), TRA 4), TRA,.90(p<.01), %, TRA, TRA,,, Pender & Pender 5), 18 66, TRA,, 5.5%, TRA TPB Gatch Kendzierski 6), TRA TPB,, TRA 25.0% (R=.50, p<.01),, % (R=.55, p<.01), TPB, Kimiecik 7), 332 3, TRA TPB,,, 59%, 66%, TPB,, TPB Hausenblas et al. 8), TPB,,,,, Effect Size, Effect Size, Effect Size 0, TPB

4 ,, TPB,,,, TPB,,, (Chen et al. 9) ; Ezoe & Morimoto 10) ; Smith 11) ; Steptoe & Bulter 12). Smith 11),,, Ezoe & Morimoto 10),, 13), 12), 9),,,, 15), 16) Beck, 1967, 17), 18), 19),,, Mental Health Pattern: MHP,, 20), MHP,, TPB,, TPB 1., K 1 132, 67 G , , 197, 2 =28.905, p<.01,,, ,, 3. R. Lutz Okun et al. 21),,,,, TPB,,, 1) B: Behavior, Godin 22),23) Godin 15, 1,,,, 9, 5, 3 Metz, Godin 22),23) 2) BI: Behavioral Intention, 6,, 6 2, , 6, 6 3) AB: Attitude toward Behavior,,

5 30, 10, , 30, 30 4) SN: Subjective Norm,, 3,, 3 2, , 6, 6 5) PBC: Perceived Behavioral Control,, 2, , 6, 6 6) MHP: Mental Health Pattern, 18),19) MHP,, 40,, SCL: Strss check ListQOL: Quality of Life, ) 4. TPB,, 22, TPB 1) TPB TPB, Table 1 (1) (B) Godin 22),23),, 22, F=10.388, P<.01 Table 1, Fig.2,,, 4,, 3 Table 1. Mean and standard deviations for TPB's and MHP's variables between Japanese and Chinese students and results of ANOVA Variables M SD M SD M SD M SD

6 50 (4) (SN), Japan China 10 male female Fig. 2. Godin's exercise behavior score (2) (BI), 22,, 2,, Table 1, Fig.5 12 Japan China , Table 1, fig male female Fig. 5. Subjective norm Japan China (5) (PBC), 22,,, Table 1, Fig.6 0 male female Fig. 3. Behavioral intention, (3) (AB), 22, Table 1,, Fig.4 60 Japan 55 China Japan China male female Fig. 6. Perceived behavioral control male female Fig. 4. Attitude toward Behavior 2) Fig.7, Fig.8 1,,

7 30, Table 2,, SCL, QOL,, SCL, QOL,,,,,,,,,,, QOL, Japana (male) n=132 Chaina (male) n=78 Japana (female) n=67 Chaina (female) n=120 Vivid type Dull type Resisting type Exhausted type Vivid type Dull type Resisting type Exhausted type =47.543, p<.01 Fig. 7. Percentage of mental health pattern in Japanese and Chainese male =27.417, p<.01 Fig. 8. Percentage of mental health pattern in Japanese and Chainese female Table 2. Mean and standard deviations for TPB's and MHP's variables between Japanese and Chinese students and results of ANOVA Variables M SD M SD M SD M SD Psycho. Socio. Phisio QOL TPB TPB, MHP, Table 3, Table 4 TPB,, B BI.40 p<.01, 4 BI, AB, SN, PBC, PBCr=.19, p<.01, BI AB r=.40, p<.01, SN r=.21, p<.01, PBC r=.41, p<.01, BI AB PBC 1,, B BI

8 .35 p<.01,, B PBC r=.26, p<.01 BI AB r=.59, p<.01, SN r=.46, p<.01, PBC r=.44, p<.01 3 Table 3, Table 4 SCL, B, BI, AB, PBC, TPB Table 3 QOL, B, BI, AB, (PBC), TPB,, SCL TPB, QOL BI Table 4 Table 3. Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations among TPB's and MHP's constructs for Japanese students n=199 Variables BI AB SN PBC SCL QOL M SD.40**.27**.07.19** -.24**.30** **.21**.41** -.20**.16* **.36** -.29**.26* **.13* ** *p<.05, **p<.01 Table 4. Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations among TPB's and MHP's constructs for Chinese students n=198 Variables BI AB SN PBC SCL QOL M SD.35**.30**.33**.26** **.47**.44** ** **.54** ** *p<.05, **p< TPB SCL QOL TPB, Table 5, TPB %,, 10%,,,,, TPB,, TPB %,,,,,, 10%,

9 30 Table 5. Regression analysis of TPB's constracts on mental health for Japanese and Chinese students SCL QOL variables Japan China Japan China n=199 n=198 n=199 n=198 Behavior ** **.091 Behavioral Intention * Attitude ** **.054 Subjective Norm * Perceived Behavioral Control R R F-value ** ** * ** p<.01, * p<.05, p<.10,,,,,,,, K G,,,,,, K 139,, 16,000 11,,, G 350, 42,000 9 K, G,, 17, 37.9%,,, 1. TPB TPB Godin 22),23) TPB TPB 1) TPB r=.35 r=.40 Riddle 3) 4) Biddle 3) r=.82 4 r=.90 Godin 22),23)

10 TPB,, 24), 25),, 26),, G,,,,, 2. 10),13), 20) , QOL, 27), 1, G,,,,,,,, 3. TPB TPB BI B AB SN PBC TPB 3,

11 30,,,, TPB TBP MHP 27) 14), TPB 1) Ajzen I. (1985): From intention to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl and J. Beckman (Eds.), Action control: From cognition to behavior (pp , Heidelberg. Springer. 2) Fishbein M. & Ajzen I.(1975): Belief, attitude, intention and behavior. An introduction to theory and research. Mass: Addition-Wesley. 3) Riddle P. K. (1980): Attitude, beliefs, and behavioral intentions of women and men toward regular jogging. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 51: ),,, (1980): Fishbein,, 25(3): ) Pender, N. J. and Pender, A. R. (1986): Attitude, subjective norms, and intentions to engage in health behaviors. Nurcing Research, 35(1), ) Gatch, C. L. and Kendzierski (1990): Predicting exercise intentions: The theory of planned behavior, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 61(1), ) Kimiecik, J. (1992): Predicting vigorous physical activity of corporate employees: Comparing the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 34: ) Hausenblas H. A., et al. (1997): Application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior to exercise behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of

12 Sport & Exercise Psychology, 19: ) Chen X., Sekine M., Hamanishi S., Wang H., Gaina A., Yamagami T. and Kagamimori S. (2005): Lifestyle and health-related quality of life in Japanese school children: a cross-sectional study. Preventive Medicine, 40: ) Ezoe S. and Morimoto K. (1994): Behavioral Lifestyle and mental health status of Japanese factory workers. Preventive Medicine, 23: ) Smith A. P. (1998): Breakfast and mental health. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition. 49: ) Steptoe A. & Bulter N. (1996): Sport participation and emotional wellbeing in adolescents. The Rancet, 347: ) (2005):.,27: ) International Society of Sport Psychology (1992): Physical activity and psychological benefits: A position statement. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 23: ) Spielberger C. D., Corsuch R. I. & Lushene R. E. (1970): Mannual for the state- trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press. 16) Beck A. (1967): Depression clinical experimental and theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber. 17) Cohen S. & Williamson G. (1988): Perceived stress in an probability sample of the United States. In the Social Psychology of Health, S. Spacapan & S. Oskamp (Eds) Newbury Park. CA: Sage. 18),,, (1994): MHP ), (1999): 1MHP., 21: ) 2006 : ) Okun, M. A., Ruehlman, L., Karoly, P., Lutz, R. S., Fairholme, C., & Schaub, R. (2003): Social Support and Social Norms: Do Both Contribute to Predicting Leisure-Time Exercise? American Journal of Health Behavior, 27, ) Godin (1985): A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Science, 10: ) Godin (1986a): Assessment of leisure time exercise behavior by self-report: A concurrent validity study. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 77: ),,, (1998):., 48(10), ) (1997):. 29: ) 2004 : ) Scully D. (1998): Physical exercise and psychological well-being: A critical review. British Journal of Sport Medicine, 32: ) 2005 : The Japanese Journal of Health Psychology, 18(1):12-23.

金鹏等体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力相关量表的编制及常模的建立 89 此, 本文从探索性研究入手, 对体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力展开研究, 尝试编制一个基于本土化, 具有良

金鹏等体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力相关量表的编制及常模的建立 89 此, 本文从探索性研究入手, 对体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力展开研究, 尝试编制一个基于本土化, 具有良天津体育学院学报研究报道 88~ 88 ~92 Short Comunications 体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力相关量表的编制及常模的建立金摘要鹏 1 刘慧2 以体育锻炼促进心理健康理论为依据在前期访谈和问卷调查的基础上对体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力问题进行了研究结果表明体育锻炼缓解公务员心理压力量表的结构由 4 个维度构成可累计解释总方差的 58.319% 构成 4 个因子的题项分布合理