11 : 1899,,,,,, (ERGM, p*),, (da la Haye, Robins, Mohr, & Wilson, 2013),, (Snijders, van de Bunt, & Steglich, 2010),, Snijders (2001) - (Markov Chain

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1 2017, Vol. 25, No. 11, Advances in Psychological Science DOI: /SP.J (Meta-Analysis) * 1, ( 1 ; 2 ; ( 3, ) ( 4, ) 22 (30, ), (1), ; (2),, ;,, (3)(4),,, ; ; ; ; B844 1 (2016), 19.2% 17, 14, 14 16, (2015) 2163, %~34.9% 34.9% 23.9%, 10% (Brechwald & Prinstein, 2011; Veenstra, Dijkstra, Steglich, & van Zalk, : * (15JY54), (14zb15) :, dxp1984@gmail.com 2013), Young (2011), 98%,, (2017), (2016), 0.5,,,,,,,,, 1898

2 11 : 1899,,,,,, (ERGM, p*),, (da la Haye, Robins, Mohr, & Wilson, 2013),, (Snijders, van de Bunt, & Steglich, 2010),, Snijders (2001) - (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) (Stochastic Actor-oriented Model), Siena (Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analysis), (Rulison, Gest, & Loken, 2013) (Schaefer, Kornienko, & Fox, 2011) (Lodder, Scholte, Cillessen, & Giletta, 2016) (van Rijsewijk, Dijkstra, Pattiselanno, Steglich, & Veenstra, 2016), 30 (Burk, Kerr, & Stattin, 2008; Franken et al., 2016),,, Turanovic Young (2016) ,, Knecht, Snijders, Baerveldt, Steglich Raub (2010) Svensson, Burk, Stattin Kerr (2012),,, Dahl van Zalk (2014), Dijkstra, Gest, Lindenberg, Veenstra Cillessen (2012), Logis, Rodkin, Gest Ahn (2013) Weerman (2011),,,, Burk, Steglich Snijders (2007), Haynie, Doogan Soller (2014), Snijders (2010), Molano, Jones, Brown Aber (2013), Haynie (2014),, ;,, 2, Franken (2016) Sijtsema, Rambaran, Caravita Gini (2014), Byrne Nelson (1965)(similarity attraction theory), (McPherson, Smith-Lovin, & Cook, 2001), (Montoya & Horton, 2013),, (Miller, 2010)

3 ,,, (Pratt et al., 2010)McGloin (2009),,,,,,,,,, (Sumter, Bokhorst, Steinberg, & Westenberg, 2009) (Steinberg & Monahan, 2007) Monahan, Steinberg Cauffman (2009),, ; 16 20, ; 20,,, Dijkstra, Berger Lindenberg (2011), Dijkstra, Lindenberg (2010), Dahl van Zalk (2014), Logis (2013),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycARTICLES Education Research Complete delinquen*, devian*, misbehav*, antisocial, aggress*, violen* externalizing, social network, peer, SIENA stochastic actor Snijders 2001,

4 11 : ~2017, (1) ; (2) Siena ; (3) ; (4) 186, , , 5, PRISMA 2.2,,,, (1), ; (2),,, 22, 30, 27746, 236,, 12, 12~14, , 1, 26 50%, 30 11, 19,,,, Ripley, Snijders Preciado (2011) ( ˆ ) se..( ˆ ), 1 2 T 2 0, T 2, 3 t, t, 4 ˆ ˆ ( j /( ˆ s j)) 1/( ˆ s j)) ( 1, ) j 2 2 se( ˆ ) 1 1/( ˆ s j j.. )) ( 2, ) T ( ˆ j / sj ) j 0) 2 2 j ( 3, t ˆ / se..( ˆ ) ( 4, ), 1-4 OLS 2 j 2 1 ˆ OLS ˆ ˆ s, s sj / N, ˆ j j N 1

5 N M % ˆ s.e. ˆ Baerveldt, Völker, & van Rossem (2008) Burk et al. (2008) Burk et al. (2007) Dahl & van Zalk (2014) Dijkstra, Cillessen, Lindenberg, & Veenstra (2010) Dijkstra et al. (2011) Dijkstra et al. (2012) Franken et al. (2016) Franken et al. (2016) Franken et al. (2016) Franken et al. (2016) Haynie et al. (2014) Jose, Hipp, Butts, Wang, & Lakon (2016) Jose et al. (2016) Kerr, van Zalk, & Stattin (2012) Knecht et al. (2010) Logis et al. (2013) Molano et al. (2013) Osgood, Feinberg, & Ragan (2015) Rulison et al.(2013) Sijtsema et al. (2014) Sijtsema et al. (2014) Snijders et al. (2010) Svensson et al. (2012) Svensson et al. (2012) Tilton Weaver, Burk, Kerr, & Stattin (2013) Tilton Weaver et al. (2013) Tilton Weaver et al. (2013) Turanovic & Young (2016) Weerman (2011) N, M, ˆ, s.e.; ; ; s.e. ˆ j / 2 2 N, s. e.( ˆ OLS ) s / N ˆj j, s j = s.e. j,, N Cochran Q, ˆ 2 0Q N-1, Q T t ( 5,,

6 11 : 1903 N1 ) 2 2 t ˆ j / sj 1/ s j, N j j 2.3.3, Ripley (2011) z ˆ ˆ / a b 2 2 se.. ˆ a se.. ˆ b, ˆ a ˆ b, se.. ˆ a se.. ˆ b Ripley (2011), 1/ ˆ 2 s 2 j, w =, t EXCEL 2016 PASW , (t = 3.75, df = 30, p = 0.001), (t = 3.38, df = 30, p = 0.002), (z = 2.06, p = 0.039) (Q = , df = 29, p < 0.001; Q = , df = 29, p < 0.001) 2, 2 K ˆ T 2 se..( ˆ ) t 2 ˆ K Q , ( t = 2.16, df = 8, p = 0.063), 0.43, 0.20; ( t = 2.38, df = 15, p = 0.031), 0.54, 0.23; ( t = 2.70, df = 7, p = 0.031), 0.27, 0.10,, (z = 1.09, p = 0.274),, ( t = 4.53, df = 8, p = 0.002), 1.39, 0.31; ( t = 3.12, df = 15, p = 0.007), 1.07, 0.34; ( t = 1.06, df = 7, p = 0.323), 1.63, 1.54,, (z = 0.68, p = 0.495),,, (z = 1.30, p = 0.194) , ( t = 2.31, df = 11, p = 0.041), 0.34, 0.15; ( t = 3.09, df = 11, p = 0.006), 0.55, 0.18, (z = 0.91, p = 0.365), ( t = 2.25, df = 11, p = 0.046), 2.06, 0.92; ( t = 3.45, df = 11,

7 ˆ se..( ˆ ) ˆ se..( ˆ ) *** *** *** *** p = 0.003), 0.92, 0.27, (z = 1.19, p = 0.23),, (z = 1.85, p = 0.064), (z = 1.16, p = 0.245), , t, ( = 0.06, p = 0.081), ( = 0.12, p = 0.002) ,, Baerveldt (2008) 859,, Montoya Horton (2013) 240,, Montoya, Horton Kirchner (2008),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (Pratt, 2016),, (Dijkstra et al., 4 ˆ se..( ˆ ) ˆ se..( ˆ ) *** *** *** *** 0.27

8 11 : ), (basking in reflected glory) (Dijkstra, Cillessen, Lindenberg, & Veenstra, 2010), Dijkstra, Cillessen Borch (2013),,,, Jose (2016), Pratt (2010),,, Sijtsema (2014), Walters (2016),, 4.2, 30,,,,,,,, Sijtsema (2014) 9~10 11~14, 9~10, Turanovic Young (2016) 16~17, Franken (2016),,,,, Shek Lin (2016), Sumter (2009) 10~18, 10~14, 14,,, Tilton- Weaver (2013), Haynie (2014),,,,,,

9 ,, Kerrt (2012), Osgood (2015) 51 Snijders Baerveldt (2003), 19, 4.3,,,, Sullivan, Ousey Wilcox (2016),,,,, Haynie (2014),,, Dijkstra (2010), Jose (2016),, 5 (1) (2),, ;,,, (3) (4), * C, H,. (2015).., (3), ,,,. (2017).., 33(1), ,. (2016). :., 24(1), (2016) * Baerveldt, C., Völker, B., & van Rossem, R. (2008). Revisiting selection and influence: An inquiry into the friendship networks of high school students and their association with delinquency. Canadian Journal of Criminology & Criminal Justice, 50(5), Brechwald, W. A., & Prinstein, M. J. (2011). Beyond homophily: A decade of advances in understanding peer influence processes. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), * Burk, W. J., Kerr, M., & Stattin, H. (2008). The coevolution of early adolescent friendship networks, school involvement, and delinquent behaviors. Revue Française de Sociologie, 49(3), * Burk, W. J., Steglich, C. E. G., & Snijders, T. A. B. (2007). Beyond dyadic interdependence: Actor-oriented models for co-evolving social networks and individual behaviors.

10 11 : 1907 International Journal of Behavioral Development, 31(4), Byrne, D., & Nelson, D. (1965). Attraction as a linear function of proportion of positive reinforcements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1(6), * Dahl, V., & van Zalk, M. (2014). Peer networks and the development of illegal political behavior among adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(2), de la Haye, K., Robins, G., Mohr, P., & Wilson, C. (2013). Adolescents' intake of junk food: Processes and mechanisms driving consumption similarities among friends. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(3), * Dijkstra, J. K., Berger, C., & Lindenberg, S. (2011). Do physical and relational aggression explain adolescents' friendship selection? The competing roles of network characteristics, gender, and social status. Aggressive Behavior, 37(5), Dijkstra, J. K., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Borch, C. (2013). Popularity and adolescent friendship networks: Selection and influence dynamics. Developmental Psychology, 49(7), Dijkstra, J. K., Cillessen, A. H. N., Lindenberg, S., & Veenstra, R. (2010). Basking in reflected glory and its limits: Why adolescents hang out with popular peers. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 20(4), * Dijkstra, J. K., Gest, S. D., Lindenberg, S., Veenstra, R., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2012). Testing three explanations of the emergence of weapon carrying in peer context: The roles of aggression, victimization, and the social network. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(4), * Dijkstra, J. K., Lindenberg, S., Veenstra, R., Steglich, C., Isaacs, J., Card, N. A., & Hodges, E. V. (2010). Influence and selection processes in weapon carrying during adolescence: The roles of status, aggression, and vulnerability. Criminology, 48(1), * Franken, A., Prinstein, M. J., Dijkstra, J. K., Steglich, C. E. G., Harakeh, Z., & Vollebergh, W. A. M. (2016). Early adolescent friendship selection based on externalizing behavior: The moderating role of pubertal development. The SNARE study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 44(8), * Haynie, D. L., Doogan, N. J., & Soller, B. (2014). Gender, friendship networks, and delinquency: A dynamic network approach. Criminology, 52(4), * Jose, R., Hipp, J. R., Butts, C. T., Wang, C., & Lakon, C. M. (2016). Network structure, influence, selection, and adolescent delinquent behavior: Unpacking a dynamic process. Criminal Justice and Behavior: An International Journal, 43(2), * Kerr, M., van Zalk, M., & Stattin, H. (2012). Psychopathic traits moderate peer influence on adolescent delinquency. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(8), * Knecht, A., Snijders, T. A. B., Baerveldt, C., Steglich, C. E. G., & Raub, W. (2010). Friendship and delinquency: Selection and influence processes in early adolescence. Social Development, 19(3), Lodder, G. M. A., Scholte, R. H. J., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Giletta, M. (2016). Bully victimization: Selection and influence within adolescent friendship networks and cliques. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 45(1), * Logis, H. A., Rodkin, P. C., Gest, S. D., & Ahn, H. (2013). Popularity as an organizing factor of preadolescent friendship networks: Beyond prosocial and aggressive behavior. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(3), McGloin, J. M. (2009). Delinquency balance: Revisiting peer influence. Criminology, 47(2), McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., & Cook, J. M. (2001). Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks. Annual Review of Sociology, 27(1), Miller, H. V. (2010). If your friends jumped off of a bridge, would you do it too? Delinquent peers and susceptibility to peer influence. Justice Quarterly, 27(4), * Molano, A., Jones, S. M., Brown, J. L., & Aber, J. L. (2013). Selection and socialization of aggressive and prosocial behavior: The moderating role of social-cognitive processes. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(3), Monahan, K. C., Steinberg, L., & Cauffman, E. (2009). Affiliation with antisocial peers, susceptibility to peer influence, and antisocial behavior during the transition to adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 45(6), Montoya, R. M., & Horton, R. S. (2013). A meta-analytic investigation of the processes underlying the similarityattraction effect. Journal of Social & Personal Relationships, 30(1), Montoya, R. M., Horton, R. S., & Kirchner, J. (2008). Is actual similarity necessary for attraction? A meta-analysis of actual and perceived similarity. Journal of Social & Personal Relationships, 25(6), * Osgood, D. W., Feinberg, M. E., & Ragan, D. T. (2015). Social networks and the diffusion of adolescent problem behavior: Reliable estimates of selection and influence from sixth through ninth grades. Prevention Science, 16(6),

11 Pratt, T. C. (2016). A self-control/life-course theory of criminal behavior. European Journal of Criminology, 13(1), Pratt, T. C., Cullen, F. T., Sellers, C. S., Thomas Winfree, L., Jr, Madensen, T. D., Daigle, L. E.,... Gau, J. M. (2010). The empirical status of social learning theory: A meta-analysis. Justice Quarterly, 27(6), Ripley, R. M., Snijders, T. A., & Preciado, P. (2011). Manual for RSiena. Oxford: University of Oxford, Department of Statistics; Nuffield College. * Rulison, K. L., Gest, S. D., & Loken, E. (2013). Dynamic social networks and physical aggression: The moderating role of gender and social status among peers. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(3), Schaefer, D. R., Kornienko, O., & Fox, A. M. (2011). Misery does not love company: Network selection mechanisms and depression homophily. American Sociological Review, 76(5), Shek, D., & Lin, L. (2016). Delinquent behavior in high school students in Hong Kong: Sociodemographic, personal, and family determinants. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 29(1), S61 S71. * Sijtsema, J. J., Rambaran, J. A., Caravita, S. C. S., & Gini, G. (2014). Friendship selection and influence in bullying and defending: Effects of moral disengagement. Developmental Psychology, 50(8), Snijders, T. A. B. (2001). The statistical evaluation of social network dynamics. Sociological Methodology, 31(1), Snijders, T. A. B., & Baerveldt, C. (2003). A multilevel network study of the effects of delinquent behavior on friendship evolution. The Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 27(2-3), * Snijders, T. A. B., van de Bunt, G. G., & Steglich, C. E. G. (2010). Introduction to stochastic actor-based models for network dynamics. Social Networks, 32(1), Steinberg, L., & Monahan, K. C. (2007). Age differences in resistance to peer influence. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), Sullivan, C. J., Ousey, G. C., & Wilcox, P. (2016). Similar mechanisms? A comparative longitudinal study of adolescent violence and victimization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(8), Sumter, S. R., Bokhorst, C. L., Steinberg, L., & Westenberg, P. M. (2009). The developmental pattern of resistance to peer influence in adolescence: Will the teenager ever be able to resist? Journal of Adolescence, 32(4), * Svensson, Y., Burk, W. J., Stattin, H., & Kerr, M. (2012). Peer selection and influence of delinquent behavior of immigrant and nonimmigrant youths: Does context matter? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36(3), * Tilton-Weaver, L. C., Burk, W. J., Kerr, M., & Stattin, H. (2013). Can parental monitoring and peer management reduce the selection or influence of delinquent peers? Testing the question using a dynamic social network approach. Developmental Psychology, 49(11), * Turanovic, J. J., & Young, J. T. N. (2016). Violent offending and victimization in adolescence: social network mechanisms and homophily. Criminology, 54(3), van Rijsewijk, L., Dijkstra, J. K., Pattiselanno, K., Steglich, C., & Veenstra, R. (2016). Who helps whom? Investigating the development of adolescent prosocial relationships. Developmental Psychology, 52(6), Veenstra, R., Dijkstra, J. K., Steglich, C., & van Zalk, M. H. W. (2013). Network behavior dynamics. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(3), Walters, G. D. (2016). Friends, cognition, and delinquency: Proactive and reactive criminal thinking as mediators of the peer influence and peer selection effects among male delinquents. Justice Quarterly, 33(6), * Weerman, F. M. (2011). Delinquent peers in context: A longitudinal network analysis of selection and influence effects. Criminology, 49(1), Young, J. T. N. (2011). How do they end up together? A social network analysis of self-control, homophily, and adolescent relationships. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 27(3),

12 11 : 1909 Peer selection and peer influence: A meta-analysis on social network based research on adolescent delinquency DENG Xiaoping 1,2 ; XU Chen 2 ; CHENG Maowei 3 ; ZHANG Xiangkui 4 ( 1 The Research Center of Educational Economics, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou , China) ( 2 School of Education Science, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou , China) ( 3 Ganzhou No.11 Middle School, Ganzhou , China) ( 4 School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun , China) Abstract: Accumulating studies have examined the impact of peer selection and peer influence on adolescent delinquency via longitudinal social network analyses. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize the existing findings. A total of 22 papers that have used longitudinal social network analysis were identified, involving 30 independent samples (N = 27746). The results show that (1) the impacts of both peer selection and peer influence were significant but peer influence exerted stronger impacts; (2) peer selection exerted stronger influences during early stage than during the middle and late stages, whereas peer influence exerted stronger impacts during middle and late stages than during early stage (3) delinquent behavior type did not make a difference. (4) larger number of networks was associated with stronger influence of peer selection and peer influence. Key words: adolescent delinquency; peer selection; peer influence; longitudinal social network analysis; meta-analysis

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