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1 , 22(6): Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 研究论文 DOI: /SP.J , 蒋明 2, 黄凤 1, 文华 1, 王卫民 2, 吴凡 1, 刘伟 1 1,, 田娟 2 1, 杨长庚 1.,, ; 2.,, 摘要 :, (ZnSO 4 7H 2 O) Zn, 7 Zn (7.4 mg/kg 20.3 mg/kg 32.1 mg/kg 51.0 mg/kg 84.4 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg), (3.6±0.1) g (Megalobrama amblycephala)12, Zn, Zn, Zn, Zn ; (P<0.05), Zn Zn, Zn, (P<0.05),, ( 3.6~26.7 g) Zn 32.6 mg/kg, Zn Zn 47.6 mg/kg Zn, : ; ; ; 中图分类号 : S963 文献标志码 : A 文章编号 : (2015) (Zn), Zn, [1] Zn,, Zn [2 3] [4], [5] Zn Zn Zn,,, (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [5] (Cyprinus carpio) [6] Zn 15~30 mg/kg 鮰 (Ictalurus punctatus) [7] 20 mg/kg (Ctenopharyngodon idella) 55.1 mg/kg [8] (Oreochromis niloticus) 37.2 mg/kg [9] (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) [10] 17.12~20.86 mg/kg, (Salmo salar) [2] 37~57 mg/kg (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) [11] 59.6 mg/kg (Megalobrama amblycephala), (50~122 g) Zn 收稿日期 : ; 修订日期 : 基金项目 : (CARS-46); 2010 ( ) ( ); (2013JBFM22). 作者简介 : (1979 ),,,. jiangm.hb@163.com 通信作者 :,. wenhua.hb@163.com

2 mg/kg [12] 20, [13] L16(4 5 ) (4.9~18.6 g) Zn 20 mg/kg, 2 Zn, Zn 12,, Zn, (, 1.. 1), (ZnSO4 7H 2 O) Zn, 7, 1, Zn 0 10 mg/kg 20 mg/kg 40 mg/kg 80 mg/kg 160 mg/kg 320 mg/kg (ZnSO 4 7H 2 O ) Zn 7.4 mg/kg 20.3 mg/kg 32.1 mg/kg 51.0 mg/kg 84.4 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mm,,,, Φ 0.5~1.0 mm, , (500 L),, 4 [ (3.6±0.1) g] 21, 40, 7, 3, 7, 3 (8:30~9:30, 12:30~13:30, 16:30~17:30), 8 1, 1/3 12, 25~32, ph 7.1~7.3, 5.0 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l, Zn 1.4~1.7 μg/l, 1.3, 24 h, (initial body weight, IBW) (final body weight, FBW), (weight gain rate, WGR) (survival rate, SR), (feed conversion 表 1 基础饲料配方及其基本营养组成 ( 干重 ) Tab. 1 Formulation and proximate analysis of the basal diet (on dry weight basis) % ingredient content proximate composition casein 32 moisture 9.7 glutin 8 crude protein 31.0 dextrine 36 crude lipid 7.9 corn oil 3.5 ash 2.9 soybean oil 3.5 choline chloride ) vitamin premix 1) 1 2) mineral premix 2) 5 micro-cellulose : 1) (IU mg kg 1 ): A 4500 IU; D 1000 IU; E 100; K 3 5; B 1 10; B 2 20; B 6 10; B ; 25; C 400; 100; 5; 1; ) [14],. Note: 1) Vitamin premix (IU or mg kg 1 dry diet): vitamin A 4500 IU; vitamin D 1000 IU; vitamin E 100; vitamin K 3 5; thiamine 10; riboflavin 20; pyridoxine 10; cyanocobalamin 0.05; Niacin 25; vitamin C 400; calcium pantothenate 100; folic acid 5; biotin 1; inositol ) Mineral premix refers to Literature [14] without Zn.

3 6 : 1169 rate, FCR); 5, [15] ; 3, (condition factor, CF);, 4 2 h, 3000 r/min 10 min, Sysmex (Chemix-800) (albumin, ALB) (total protein, TP) (alkaline phosphatase, ALP) (urea nitrogen, BUN) (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDLC) (total cholesterol, TCHO) (triglyceride, TG) ; 3,, (hepatosomatic index, HSI) (viscerosomatic index, VSI), 80, (superoxide dismutase, SOD) (catalase, CAT) (malonaldehyde, MDA) 1.4 ±, SPSS 18.0 One-Way ANOVA Tukey s, P<0.05, Zn 12, Zn, Zn, ( 2) Zn 32.1 mg/kg, Zn, Zn 32.1 mg/kg, Zn (P>0.05) Zn,, mg/kg (P<0.05) (P<0.05), (P>0.05), 100%, (P>0.05) Zn,, Zn 32.6 mg/kg( 1) Tab. 2 表 2 投喂不同 Zn 含量饲料的团头鲂幼鱼 12 周生长性能和形体指标 Weight gain, feed efficiency and body indices of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala fed different Zn diets for 12 weeks item Zn /(mg kg 1 ) dietary zinc level /g IBW 3.6±0.0 a 3.6±0.0 a 3.6±0.0 a 3.6±0.1 a 3.7±0.0 a 3.7±0.0 a 3.6±0.1 a /g FBW 21.2±0.4 a a 26.0±1.3 b 25.7±0.9 b 26.7±0.2 b 26.7±0.2 b 26.6±1.2 b /% WGR 485.2±23.6 a 545.4±17.7 b 624.9±26.8 c 609.9±35.0 c 605.7±11.7 c 630.2±8.4 c 637.7±24.3 c /g FT 21.7±1.2 a 23.7±1.2 ab 28.1±2.3 c 27.9±1.2 c 27.3±1.5 bc 27.3±0.6 bc 28.0±0.7 c FCR 1.2±0.0 a 1.2±0.0 a 1.3±0.0 a 1.2±0.1 a 1.2±0.0 a 1.2±0.0 a 1.2±0.0 a /(% d 1 ) SGR 2.1±0.0 a 2.2±0.0 b 2.3±0.0 c 2.3±0.1 c 2.3±0.0 c 2.4±0.0 c 2.4±0.0 c /(g cm 3 ) CF 1.9±0.1 ab 1.9±0.1 ab 1.9±0.1 ab 1.9±0.2 ab 1.9±0.1 ab 2.0±0.1 b 1.8±0.1 a /% HSI 1.4±0.2 a 1.2±0.2 ab 1.1±0.2 abc 1.0±0.3 bc 1.0±0.1 bc 0.8±0.1 c 1.0±0.1 bc /% VSI 7.1± ± ± ± ± ± ±1.4 : (P>0.05, Tukey s );, (P<0.05). Note: Values in the same line sharing a same superscript letter are not significantly different determined by Tukey s test (P>0.05), and values with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).

4 mg/kg 7.4 mg/kg, Zn, 51.0 mg/kg Zn Zn, 47.6 mg/kg Zn Zn ( 2) 1 Zn Fig. 1 Broken-line analysis of the relationship between dietary Zn level and specific growth rate of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala 2.2 Zn Zn ( 3), (P>0.05), Zn Zn (P<0.05) 7.4 mg/kg mg/kg (P<0.05), (P>0.05) 20.3 mg/kg 2 Zn Zn Fig. 2 Broken-line analysis of the relationship between dietary Zn level and fish Zn content of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala Tab. 3 表 3 投喂不同 Zn 含量饲料 12 周团头鲂幼鱼体成分组成 Proximate composition of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala fed different Zn diets for 12 weeks item Zn /(mg kg 1 ) dietary zinc level /% moisture 73.3±1.0 a 70.5±0.4 b 70.3±0.4 b 70.3±0.3 b 70.7±0.2 b 70.4±0.7 b 70.3±1.8 b /% crude lipid 6.8±0.3 a 7.6±0.1 b 7.6±0.3 b 7.8±0.1 b 7.8±0.1 b 7.8±0.2 b 6.7±0.2 a /% ash 3.7±0.2 a 4.0±0.1 b 3.9±0.1 ab 4.0±0.2 ab 3.9±0.1 ab 4.0±0.2 b 4.0±0.1 ab /% crude protein 14.4±0.7 a 16.8±0.2 b 17.0±0.4 b 16.7±0.3 b 16.4±0.5 b 16.7±0.8 b 16.3±0.6 b Zn/(μg g 1 ) whole body zinc 94.8±2.9 a 105.0±2.0 b 113.9±2.4 b 132.1±3.5 c 128.3±3.3 c 125.9±3.6 c 128.1±5.1 c : (P>0.05, Tukey s );, (P<0.05). Note: Values in the same line sharing a same superscript letter are not significantly different determined by Tukey s test (P>0.05), and values with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05). 2.3 Zn Zn,, 51.0 mg/kg 32.1 mg/kg (P<0.05)( 4) (P>0.05) 2.4 Zn (P>0.05), (P<0.05)( 5) 20.3 mg/kg, (P<0.05); 32.1 mg/kg mg/kg 7.4 mg/kg (P<0.05) 2.5 Zn Zn (P>0.05),

5 6 : 1171 (P<0.05)( 6), 51.0 mg/kg, 7.4 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg (P<0.05), 51.0 mg/kg, (P<0.05) mg/kg,, 51.0 mg/kg (P<0.05) Zn,, (P<0.05) Tab. 4 表 4 投喂不同 Zn 含量饲料 12 周团头鲂部分抗氧化指标含量 Some hepatic antioxidant indices of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala fed different Zn diets for 12 weeks item Zn /(mg kg 1 ) dietary zinc level /[nmol (mgprot) 1 ] MDA 8.6±0.4 a 9.0±0.7 a 9.4±0.9 a 4.2±0.7 b 5.2±0.6 b 4.8±0.4 b 5.3±0.1 b /[U (mgprot) 1 ] CAT 25.7± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.2 /[U (mgprot) 1 ] SOD 14.5± ± ± ± ± ± ±1.12 : (P>0.05, Tukey s );, (P<0.05). Note: Values in the same line sharing a same superscript letter are not significantly different determined by Tukey s test (P>0.05), and values with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05). Tab. 5 表 5 投喂不同 Zn 含量饲料 12 周团头鲂血清和肝淀粉酶以及肝脂肪酶活性 Activities of amylase in serum and liver, and hepatic lipase of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala fed different Zn diets for 12 weeks /(mg kg 1 ) dietary zinc level item /[U (gprot) 1 ] hepatic amylase 0.47±0.0 ab 0.51±0.01 b 0.48±0.02 ab 0.48±0.01 ab 0.43±0.05 a 0.46±0.02 ab 0.36±0.04 c /(U L 1 ) serum amylase 784.6± ± ± ± ± ± ±3.3 /[U (gprot) 1 ] hepatic lipase 147.2±23.1 a 243.8±25.5 c 200.6±22.0 b 184.1±6.9 ab 183.2±1.7 ab 191.5±11.7 b 187.1±12.9 ab : (P>0.05, Tukey s );, (P<0.05). Note: Values in the same line sharing a same superscript letter are not significantly different determined by Tukey s test (P>0.05), and values with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05). Tab. 6 表 6 投喂不同 Zn 含量饲料 12 周团头鲂部分血清生化指标含量 Some serum biochemical indices of blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala fed different Zn diets for 12 weeks item Zn /(mg kg 1 ) dietary zinc level /(mmol L 1 ) ALB 3.3± ± ± ± ± ± ±1.2 /(mmol L 1 ) TP 20.0±1.7 a 29.0±1.0 bc 28.5±2.1 bc 31.3±4.2 c 23.7±1.5 ab 17.5±0.7 a 18.0±1.4 a /(IU ml 1 ) ALP 116.7± ± ± ± ± ± ±12.0 /(mmol L 1 ) BUN 23.9±0.7 a 17.4±0.4 c 17.1±0.9 bc 16.9±0.5 bc 17.1±0.3 c 17.1±0.0 bc 22.0±2.1 ab /(mmol L 1 ) HDLC 2.4±0.2 a 2.0±0.2 ab 2.1±0.2 ab 2.2±0.1 a 2.1±0.1 ab 1.7±0.1 bc 2.1±0.1 ab /(mmol L 1 ) TCHO 7.6±0.4 a 9.7±0.0 b 9.2±0.4 b 9.5±0.6 b 9.1±0.4 b 9.3±0.8 b 9.3±0.1 b /(mmol L 1 ) TG 10.3±1.3 a 8.1±0.0 b 6.6±0.5 b 7.4±0.4 b 6.2±0.2 b 4.1±0.1 c 6.6±0.7 b : (P>0.05, Tukey s );, (P<0.05). Note: Values in the same line sharing a same superscript letter are not significantly different determined by Tukey s test (P>0.05), and values with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) Zn Zn, Zn [16 17], Zn, Zn Zn, Zn [18] (Oreochromis aureus) [19]

6 鮰 [7], Zn [16] 鮰 [7] [10] (Platichthys stellatus) [20] Zn (320 mg/kg, Zn mg/kg),, Zn Hardy [21] 65 Zn, Zn, Zn, 3.6 g Zn 32.6 mg/kg [13] 4.9 g (20 mg/kg), [12] (50 g) (184.85~ mg/kg) ( ), Antony Jesu Prabhu [22] 37 Zn, Zn, Zn 3 [13] Zn 20.5%, Zn, Zn [23 24], Zn, Zn Zn, 鮰 (5~10 mg/kg) [7] (17.12~20.86 mg/kg) [10] (15~30 mg/kg) [5] (Sciaenops ocellatus) (20~25 mg/kg) [25] (30 mg/kg) [16], (53.2~87.6 mg/kg) [11] (Lateolabrax japonicus) (102.9~103.4 mg/kg) [26] Zn, 3.2 Zn Zn,, Ogino [5] Satoh [27] [28], Zn,, [11] Tan [29] Zn (Haliotis discus hannai Ino) [30] Zn, (Rachycentron canadum),,, Zn Zn, Zn Zn, [16] [11] 鮰 [31], (Scophthatmus maximus) [32] Zn Zn, Zn [32] Zn ; Zn 3.3 Zn Zn, Zn, [33] Hidalgo [34] Zn, SOD CAT Luo [10] Zn, SOD, MDA [35] Zn (Cyprinus carpio var. jian) MDA SOD CAT [35] Zn Zn Cu-Zn SOD, MDA, Zn

7 6 : 1173,, CAT SOD, CAT SOD Zn (7.4 mg/kg) 3.4 Zn Zn, [36], Zn,, 20.3 mg/kg 32.1 mg/kg mg/kg Zn [37] Zn(0~91 mg/kg) [35] Zn Zn Zn [35] 3.5 Zn,,, Zn,, [38], Zn, Zn Zn,,, [39],,,,, [38] Zn,, Zn, Zn (ALP) Zn,,,,, Zn [22] Zn [6] (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [40] [11] [30] Zn (P>0.05),, Zn (7.4 mg/kg) ALP 4, Zn,, Zn, Zn Zn, Zn 32.6 mg/kg 47.6 mg/kg 参考文献 : [1] National Research Council (NRC). Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp[M]//Minerals. Washington, D C: National Academy Press, 2011: 176. [2] Maage A, Julshamn K. Assessment of zinc status in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by measurement of whole body and tissue levels of zinc[j]. Aquaculture, 1993, 117(1 2): [3] Kuz mina V V. The influence of zinc and copper on the latency period for feeding and the food uptake in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.[J]. Aquat Toxicol, 2011, 102(1 2): [4] Bervoets L, Knaepkens G, Eens M, et al. Fish community responses to metal pollution[j]. Environ Pollut, 2005, 138(2):

8 [5] Ogino C, Yang G Y. Requirement of rainbow trout for dietary zinc[j]. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish, 1978, 44(9): [6] Ogino C, Yang G Y. Requirement of carp for dietary zinc[j]. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish, 1979, 45(8): [7] Gatlin D M, Wilson R P. Dietary zinc requirement of fingerling channel catfish[j]. J Nutr, 1983, 113(3): [8] Liang J J, Yang H J, Liu Y J, et al. Dietary zinc requirement of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) based on growth and mineralization[j]. Aquac Nutr, 2012, 18(4): [9] Huang F, Jiang M, Wen H, et al. Dietary zinc requirement of adult Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed semi-purified diets, and effects on tissue mineral composition and antioxidant responses[j]. Aquaculture, 2015, 439: [10] Luo Z, Tan X Y, Zheng J L, et al. Quantitative dietary zinc requirement of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and effects on hepatic intermediary metabolism and antioxidant responses[j]. Aquaculture, 2011, 319(1 2): [11] Zhang J M. Studies on Nutritional physiology of zinc and iron for Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus, and large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea R[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2007: [. [D]. :, 2007: ] [12] Liu H C, Ye Y T, Cai C F, et al. Dietary zn requirement of Megalobrama amblycephala[j]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2014, 38(9): [,,,. Zn [J]., 2014, 38(9): ] [13] Zhu Y Z, Yang G H. Requirement of Megalobrama amblycephala, fingerlings for trace elements[j]. Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University, 1998, 7(suppl.): [,. [J]., 1998, 7(suppl.): ] [14] Ogino. Fish Nutrition and Feeding[M]. Taipei: Fish World Magazine, 1980: 275. [ [M]. :, 1980: 275.] [15] Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International[M]. Arlington: AOAC International, [16] Eid A E, Ghonim S I. Dietary zinc requirement of fingerling Oreochromis niloticus[j]. Aquaculture, 1994, 119(2 3): [17] Scarpa J, Gatlin III D M. Dietary zinc requirements of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, swim-up fry in soft and hard water[j]. Aquaculture, 1992, 106(3 4): [18] Lall S P. The Minerals[M]//Hardy J E, Halver R W. Fish Nutrition (Third Edition). San Diego: Academic Press, 2003: [19] McClain W R, Gatlin III D M. Dietary zinc requirement of Oreochromis aureus and effects of dietary calcium and phytate on zinc bioavailability[j]. J World Aquacult Soc, 1988, 19(3): [20] Cui L J, Zhang L M, Wang J Y, et al. Effects of dietary zinc on growth performance, tissue accumulation and antioxidation of juvenile starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)[j]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2010, 34(9): [,,,. [J]., 2010,: 34(9): ] [21] Hardy R W, Sullivan C V, Koziol A M. Absorption, body distribution, and excretion of dietary zinc by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)[j]. Fish Physiol Biochem, 1987, 3(3): [22] Antony Jesu Prabhu P, Schrama J W, Kaushik S J. Mineral requirements of fish: a systematic review[j]. Rev Aquac, 2014, 6: [23] Denstadli V, Skrede A, Krogdahl Å, et al. Feed intake, growth, feed conversion, digestibility, enzyme activities and intestinal structure in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed graded levels of phytic acid[j]. Aquaculture, 2006, 256(1 4): [24] Huang S C, Chen S M, Huang C H. Effects of dietary zinc levels on growth, serum zinc, haematological parameters and tissue trace elements of soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis[j]. Aquac Nutr, 2010, 16(3): [25] Gatlin III D M, O'Connell J P, Scarpa J. Dietary zinc requirement of the red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus[j]. Aquaculture, 1991, 92: [26] Zhou L B, Zhang W, Wang A L, et al. Effects of dietary zinc on growth, immune response and tissue concentration of juvenile Japanese seabass Lateolabrax Japonicus[J]. Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica, 2009, 40(1): [,,,. (Lateolabrax japonicus) [J]., 2009, 40(1): ] [27] Satoh S, Takeuchi T, Watanabe T. Availability to rainbow trout of zinc in white fish meal and of various zinc compounds[j]. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish, 1987, 53(4): [28] Wu H Y, Chen X X, Yang H J, et al. Effects of different zinc levels on growth and antioxidation of juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis aureus Oreochromis niloticus )[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2008, 32(4): [

9 6 : 1175,,,. [J]., 2008, 32(4): ] [29] Tan B P, Mai K S. Zinc methionine and zinc sulfate as sources of dietary zinc for juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino[J]. Aquaculture, 2001, 192(1): [30] Qiao Y G. Study on nutrition physiology of zinc, iron and copper in cobia (Rachycentron canadum)[d]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2007: [. [D]. :, 2007: ] [31] Paripatananont T, Lovell R T. Chelated zinc reduces the dietary zinc requirement of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus[j]. Aquaculture, 1995, 133(1): [32] Zhu L. Studies on nutritional physiology of zinc and phosphorus for juvenile turbot, Scophthalmus maximus and juvenile Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus[d]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2011: [. [D]. :, 2011: ] [33] Powell S R. The antioxidant properties of zinc[j]. J Nutr, 2000, 130(5): 1447S 1454S. [34] Hidalgo M C, Expósito A, Palma J M, et al. Oxidative stress generated by dietary Zn-deficiency: studies in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)[j]. Internat J Biochem Cell Biol, 2002, 34(2): [35] Tan L N. Effect of zinc on functions of digestion, immune and antioxidative of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var Jian)[D]. Ya an: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2009: [. [D]. :, 2009: ] [36] Vallee B L, Falchuk K H. The biochemical basis of zinc physiology[j]. Physiol Rev, 1993, 73(1): [37] Wang Q K, Yu W W, Wang D Q, et al. Effects of dietary zinc on growth and nutritional physiology of Epinephelus coioides[j]. Journal of Feed Industry, 2011, 32(18): [,,,. [J]., 2011, 32(18): ] [38] Chen W B. Diagnostics[M]. Beijing: People s Medical Publishing House, 2008: [. [M]. :, 2008: ] [39] Wan J Y, Gao H W, Wang Y P, et al. Effects of some Chinese medical herbs on blood biochemical index of chickens[j]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2003, 35(11): [,,,. 5 [J]., 2003, 35(11): 8 10.] [40] Apines M J, Satoh S, Kiron V, et al. Bioavailability of amino acids chelated and glass embedded zinc to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fingerlings[j]. Aquac Nutr, 2001, 7(4):

10 Effects of dietary zinc on growth, serum biochemical indices, and antioxidant responses in juvenile blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala JIANG Ming 1, 2, HUANG Feng 1, WEN Hua 1, WANG Weimin 2, WU Fan 1, LIU Wei 1, TIAN Juan 1, 2, YANG Changgeng 1 1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture; Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan , China; 2. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan , China Abstract: Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element in fish. It functions as a cofactor in several enzyme systems and is involved in many important physiological processes, including improved growth and development, immune function, and defense against free radicals. Signs of impaired growth, increased mortality, cataracts, short body dwarfism, and low tissue Zn may occur in fish fed a Zn-deficient diet. In contrast, excessive dietary Zn can negatively affect the nutritional status of other elements, such as iron, cadmium, and magnesium. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure minimal dietary levels to meet the requirement and be certain that levels do not exceed the maximal limits, which can affect growth and other responses in fish. Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) is in the Cyprinidae family, which is one of the largest fish families in the world. Production of cyprinids reached about 0.71 million tons in 2011, which is the seventh most freshwater-cultured fish species in China (Bureau of Fisheries of the Ministry of Agriculture, China, 2012). The blunt snout bream has become an important and popular freshwater species. The dietary zinc requirement forblunt snout bream is reportedly mg/kg. We conducted a 12-week growth experiment to quantify the optimum dietary Zn requirement of juvenile blunt snout bream and evaluated its effects on antioxidant responses in this species. Seven experimental diets were formulated to contain graded levels of Zn (7.4 mg/kg, 20.3 mg/kg, 32.1 mg/kg, 51.0 mg/kg, 84.4 mg/kg, mg/kg, and mg/kg diet, supplied as ZnSO 4 7H 2 O. Casein and gelatin were used as dietary protein sources). Each diet was assigned to three replicate groups of 40 fish [initial body weight, (3.6±0.1) g] cultured in 500-L aquaria (r=0.9 m, h=0.75 m). The results showed that the rate of weight gain increased linearly with the increase in dietary Zn level, then remained nearly unchanged in the high Zn treatment groups ( 32.1 mg/kg). Specific growth rate and fish Zn content showed a similar tendency with rate of weight gain. Whole body moisture content of blunt snout bream decreased significantly in the supplemented groups compared to that in the un-supplemented group (P<0.05), whereas whole body crude protein content increased significantly in the supplemented groups compared to that in the un-supplemented group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the food conversion rate among the treatments (P>0.05). The serum chemistry analysis showed that dietary Zn had significant effects on contents of total protein, urea nitrogen, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides (P<0.05), but no effect on albumin content or alkaline phosphatase activity (P>0.05). Hepatic malondialdehyde content decreased significantly (P<0.05), whereas superoxide dismutase and catalase remained unchanged with increases in the dietary Zn supplement rate (P>0.05). A broken-line regression analysis showed that the optimum dietary Zn requirement of blunt snout bream was 32.6 mg/kg for maximum growth and 47.6 mg/kg for maximum fish Zn concentration. These results increase our knowledge of the zinc requirement in blunt snout bream to enhance the feed quality and discover the versatile functions of Zn in blunt snout bream. Key words: blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala); zinc; requirement; growth Corresponding author: WEN Hua. wenhua.hb@163.com

中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷第 9 期 2015 年 5 月 1339 非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,nafld) 是一种与胰岛素抵抗遗

中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷第 9 期 2015 年 5 月 1339 非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,nafld) 是一种与胰岛素抵抗遗 1338 中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷第 9 期 2015 年 5 月九味肝泰胶囊对高脂饮食诱导大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝的治疗作用陈菲 1 2,, 艾国 3, 盛柳青 1, 麻佳蕾 1, 黄正明 1. 金华职业技术学院医学院, 浙江金华