83 11 BOT 89 1 BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT 1980 1992 PFI(Private Finance Initiative) Know How 1
PFI BOT PFI PFI BOT infrastructure) region development) private participation in infrastructure) BOT(Build Operate Transfer) local government) PFI(Private Finance Initiative) bubbling economy) 2
1 1 3 5 6 6 8 8.10 BOT 15 BOT 31..35 PFI 36 PFI 36 PFI 39 PFI 44 PFI 52 PFI 55 61 BOT 62 BOT 62 BOT 64 67 BOT 73..81 84 84 BOT 90 BOT.96 BOT 100 BOT..104 108 109 109 110 112....119 PFI 137 147 152 3
1-1 7 2-1 13 2-2BOT 15 2-3BOT..18 2-4.28 2-5BOT.29 2-6.30 3-1PFI..37 3-2 PFI 38 3-3.41 3-4.60 4
2-1BOT 9 2-2BOT..34 3-1PFI 1997 11..48 3-2 PFI BOT 53 4-1.64 4-2 BOT..65 4-3 72 4-4 74 4-535 BOT.76 4-6 83 5-1 86 5-2 90 5-3 BOT..91 5-4 BOT..92 5-5BOT 92 5-6 BOT..94 5-7BOT 95 5-8 BOT..97 5-9 BOT..98 5-10..99 5-11 BOT 101 5-12 BOT 102 5-13 BOT 103 5-14..105 5-15BOT.106 5-16 BOT 107 5
6 1980 (Reengineering Government) (Administrative Reform)
7 1994 (IMD) (export goods) (public goods) 1970
(Tip O Neil) (All politics is local) 88 83 11 ( ) 84 8 (BuildOperateTransfer BOT ) 89 1 ( ) BOT 8
BOT BOT BOT 1980 1992 PFI(Private Finance Initiative) Know How PFI BOT 89 29 BOT PFI 9
BOT BOT (Project Financing) (Risk Management) PFI PFI BOT PFI BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT () BOT BOT ( 1-1) BOT BOT 10
PFI PFI BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT PFI 1992 11
BOT PFI BOT BOT 1-1 12
13 (Landscape) (Infrastructure)( 84) 23 77 ( ) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. open space 6. 7. 8.
14 9. 10. 11. 12. 1. 2. 3.
15 ( ) (Innovation financing) 88 ( 87)( 88)
16 () (Alternative Design) (equal or better) () (Turnkey) () (Super Turnkey) () (BTBuild-Transfer) ( ) (deferred payment) 14
17 () (BOTBuild-Operate-Transfer) (concession or franchise) () () (Government Financing) 1. 2. Yankee Bond Euro Bond 3. () (Private Investment) (project company)
18 (Consortium) () (Project Financing) BOT 21 2-1 88 76 BT BOT Turnkey
19 BOT BOT 87 22 BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT ( ) ( ) ( )
20 2-2 BOT 89 9 BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT
Edwin Chadwick (Competition for the field ) BOT 87 1853 (Lyons)99 (Water Distribution) 88 BOT 1984 Turgut Ozal Build-Operate-Transfer, BOT 87 BOT 1995 Nanyang R.L.K.Tiong (Concession company) ( 87) 21
BOT BOT 88 1993 2000 1980 Debt Crisis Bank for International Settlement Capital Adequacy Ratio (public sector) (cost overrun) (project delay) 22
(private sector) BOT BOT BOT 1984 BOT (variant) ( 88) ( 88) 23 BOO BOOT BOT LROT BTO BT OT BTS BTL BLT ROT 2-3 BOT 88 12 23
24 BT(Build-Transfer) (deferred payment) BT OT(Operate-Transfer) ( ) ( ) BOO(Build-Operate-Own) BOT BOO ROT(Refurbish-Operate-Transfer) ROT
BOT BOOT(Build- Own -Operate- Transfer ) BOOT BLT(Build-Lease-Transfer) BLT BOT BTO(Build-Transfer-Operate) BTO BTO BOT BOT LROT(Lease-Renovate-Operate-Transfer) LROT( ) 25
BTL(Build-Transfer-Livery) BTL BOT (BLT(Build-Livery-Transfer) BLT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT (83) (84) BOT BOT BOT 26
BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT $0.20 0.80 BOT BOT 27
BOT BOT BOT 1. 2. BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT ( 87) () BOT 1. 28
29 2. 3. 4. BOT 5. 6. 7. 8.
30 () 1. BOT BOT 2. BOT 3. BOT BOT
88 (Project Financing) (Special purpose entity) (Trans Alaska Pipeline Project) 1970 BOT (financial insyrument) BOT BOT (infrastructure project financing) ( 88) (non-recourse) (pure project finance) (limited recourse) 31
32 88 (bankable or terminate) ( ) 2-4 (28)( 88) BOT BOT BOT
Limited or Non Recourse Financing 2-4 88 76 BOT BOT BOT 85) 2-5 BOT 33
2-5 BOT 85 47 Tiong 1992) BOT 2-1 2-1 BOT 34
BOT BOT 85) 1. BOT 2. BOT 3. 4. BOT BOT 2-6 2-6 86 64 35
BOT 1980 BOT BOT BT BT BOT O 88 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 1. 8.6 36
5 1984 10 1985 6 12 150 1986 1989 30 2. 5 3. BOT 405 1.MRT405 1 82 2. BT 1986 1 1990 12 3. HOCK LIAN SENG BT 50 BOT BT BT 37
2-2 1. 50 1985 4 1985 10 1986 1 4,000 1986 1993 55 2. 10 200 3. 4. 1994 5. BOT 38
1. 42 275 1991 1995 30 2. 8 3. 4.. 1993 20.4 5. BOT 2-2 BOT US$113 50KM 4.5m UK S Channel Tunnel Group US$8..3 99 225 75 42 1990 1995 30 1987 US$10 1992 US$4.6 7KM 35 84% 8% US$0.37 15 88 365 40% 39
BOTBT BOT BOT 1980 1992 PFI(Private Finance Initiative) BOT PFI 40
PFI PFI PFI Private Finance Initiative) know-how PFI PFI 1980 1979 (Next Steps) agency Efficiency Unit Sir Derek Rayner Rayner s scrutiny (Financial Management Initiative) 1981 PFI 1990 1991 Citizen Charter 1992 11 PFI 41
31 Know How (Initiative) PFI 1979~ 1988~ 1981 Citizen Charter 1991 Value for Money 1992 Control Total 31 PFI 1999 PFI Value for Money PFI PFI 42
1993 PFP Private Finance Panel PFI PFI 1994 (Universal Testing) PFI PFI PFI PFI 1997 PFI PFP PFI PFI (Task Force) PFI PFI PPP(Public Private Partnership ) PFI 32 1992 1993 1994 PFI Private Finance Panel Universal Testing Task Force PFI PPPPublic-Private Partnership 32 PFI 1999 43
PFI PFI PFI PFI PFI PFI () PFI VFM (base) () Value for Money(VFM) PFI VFM ( ) PFI Know How 44
PFI Know How VFM () PFI VFM VFM VFM VFM 33 VFM PFI () PFP PFI PFI 45
Value for Money Best VFM VFM VFM Best VFM Risk Transfer 33 1998 57 PFI PFI () 1980 PFI VFM () PFI PFI Know How 46
() VFM PFI PFI PFI () (Financially Free-standing Project) PFI () (Service Sold To Public Sector) 47
(life cycle cost ) () (Joint Venture) PFI PFI PFI PFI 48
PFI PFI PFI 1992 PFI PFEP (Private Finance Executive Panel) PFI 1993 11 PFI PFP PFI PFEP PFP Task Force PFI PFI PFI PFI (Outsourcing Contract Act) PFI 199711 (National Health Service Act) 1994 (London Transport Act) PFI PFI PFI 49
() () () Reference Project( ) Output Output PFI PFI Kn ow How () Output ( ) ()OJEC(The Official of European Community) OJEC Output 50
Output VFM () OJEC 34 () ()Long ListShort List OJEC () Output () Short List 34 51
( ) ( ) (Best and Final Offer) ( ) VFM Life Cycle Cost ( ) ( ) OJEC ( ) PFI ()PFI PFI PFI PFI 1992 11 1997 11 75.5 31 ( 52
48) PFI ()PFI 1.DBFO :M1-A1 M1-A1 M1-A1 DBFO Yorkshire Link 2 2 4 1996 3 1999 30 22 30 31 PFI (1997 11 ), (, ) ( ). 5382 (3000) LINE 400) DBFO (563) (330) (440) (118) 524 (100) (88) 298 (74) 85. 115 302 LAND 200 215 11 65 2(150)270 (29) 38 (42) 69 M74/M6 160 335 45 10 24 11 23 3 7545 : 1998 44 53
2. PFI 1986 10 1991 10 20 20 3. (HMPSHer Majesty's Prison Service ) (DCMFDesign Construct Manage Finance) PFI 1993 11 OJEC 1994 2 10 6 Short List 5 5 1995 12 25 BOOT HMPS HMPS / DCMF 25 10 4. LUL:London Underground Limited 54
PFI LUL 1992 OJEC 1993 4 OJEC Short List VFM LUL PFI 5. 2NIRS 2 PFI 1993 7 OJEC 34 Short List VFM 1995 4 Under Consulting 1997 4 1 NIRS 2 NIRS 2 PFI PassportAgency 6. DSS 55
30 25 PFI 1970 15 30 PFI (Life Cycle Cost) 7. CTRL 180 30 PFI (Joint Venture ) 1989 CTRL 1991 1993 CTRL 1993 8 1996 5 56
8.Conlfox School PFI 1997 11 1060 20 16 DBFO IT 9.Dartford and GravesharnNHSTRUST PFI 1.2 NHS 2000 NHS TRUST (TRUST) PFI 1997 PFI (The National Health Service Act 1997) PFI PFI 1992 PFI BOTBOOTBOO PFI BOT PFI PFI DBFO(Design Build Finance Operate) PFI 57
DCMF(Design Construct Manage Finance) BOTBOOTBOO PFI PFI PFI BOT ()1980 ( ) BOT BOT PFI BOT 3-2 32 PFI BOT Project Structure Project Finance PFI DBFODCMF Project FinanceCorporate Finance BOT BOTBOOBTOBLT Project FinanceCorporate KNOW-HOW 1999 32 Finance ()BOT DBFO DBFO Design Build Finance Operate BOT Shadow Rate BOT 58
BOT BOT DBFO BOT BOT DBFO BOT PFI Third Sector PFI 1999 () PFI () PFI Project Finance 59
PFI PPP PFI PPP PFI 1997 PFI PFI (Task Force) PFI PPP(Public Private Partnership ) PFI PFI PFI () ( ) ( ) () () () PFI () ( ) PFI PFI 60
1995 1996 4 (The local government association) 4PS(Public Private Partinerships Programme) PFI 4PS PFI 1996 10 1997 (Local Government Contract Act) PFI PFI PFI PFI ( 25 ) PFI PFI () PFI (DBFO) (DCMF) 61
() PFI () PFI PFI PFI PPP ()Finance PFI PFI () PFI 1970 1989 () PFI PFI 1980 PFI PFI 62
1. 2. 3. PFI VFM PFI 1992 PFI PFI PFI PFI () PFI 1. PFI 1997 11 (PFI ) 1998 2 PFI (PFI) 5 1999 6 PFI PFI (1) (2) (3) 20 2. 63
PFI 1997 10 1998 5 PFI (Guide Line) 1997 PFI 1998 8 PFI 1999 1 PFI 1999 3 PFI PFI 3. PFI PFI PFI PFI PFI PFI PFI 2005 1998 4 7680 (2048 ) (512 ) 512 3-4 40 PFI 64
VFM PFI PFI 7680 3072 40 4608 60 102 410 410 1638 512 =411 4068 34 1998 128 PFI DBFO DCMF 65
66 BOT BOT PFI PFI
BOT BOT 1994 1970 1980 1990 1980 1990 ( 87) 1980 (Private Participation in Infrastructure PPI) 67
BOT 1990 BOT 1. 1990 GDP 1 1 1995 1.17 2. (IMD) 1992 11 1999 18 1992 21 1996 30 1999 21 4-1 13 7 14 68
1992~1999 / 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 11 11 22 14 18 23 16 18-2 10 10 10 10 11 17 8 20-12 18 18 25 24 26 30 32 27 +5 5 4 11 5 6 20 14 11 +3 14 14 23 15 21 23 19 23-4 22 21 23 26 30 28 26 21 +5 15 15 24 16 18 18 7 9-2 19 20 20 12 17 10 7 10-3 14 14 22 19 16 21 18 15 +3 1999 + BOT BOT BOT 1987 BOT 1997 5 ( 69
project finance) 83 11 (Statute for Encouragement of Private Participation ) 12 14 84 5 22 BOT 8 BOT 4-2 4-2 BOT 1. 5,133 6 300 2. 1,952 7 50 3. 852 8 31 4. 1,231 9 38 5. 250 12 35 6. 33 3 11 7. 120 3 40 8. 33 3 11 9. 536 6 81 10. 2,969 6 625 11. 828 5 40 12. 229 13 24 13. 180 5 17 14. 300 10 30 15. 93 5 67 16. 2,056 14 3 17. 19 10 3 18. 4,834 15 300 21,577 1706 70
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88 BOT PFI PFI BOT BOT BOT () 88.71 95.95 78.21 44.66 57.14 38.90 ( )
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BOT () BOT BOT BOT BOT 5-5 PFI PPP 5-5 BOT 1. 1 2% 0 0 2. 55 98% 56 100% BOT ( ) 96
5-6 5-6 BOT BOT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 5 9% 4 7% 25 45% 23 41% 45 80% 40 71% 49 88% 48 86% 0 0% 0 0 4 7% 5 9% 7. 1 2% 6 11% 8. 1 2% 12 21% 9. 1 2% 6 11% 10. 1 2% 1 2% 7.8.9.10. 5-6 ( ) ( 88 86) ( )( 80 71) BOT 97
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BOT 5-10 5-10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 50 89% 48 86% 32 57% 33 59% 20 36% 16 29% 0 0 0 0 11 20% 9 16% 6 11% 3 5% 7. 35 63% 37 66% 8. 1 2% 1 2% 9.BOT 1 2% 4 7% 10. 1 2% 2 4% 11. 1 2% 2 4% 12. 1 2% 1 2% 9.10.11.12 5-10 102
103 BOT BOT BOT BOT PFI () 5-11 5-11 BOT ( 73 86) ( 46 41)
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5-13 BOT 1. 2. 5-13 BOT 3. 4. 5 9% 4 7% 29 52% 25 45% 9 16% 9 16% 13 23% 10 18% 5. 6 11% 6 11% 6. 17 30% 15 27% 7. 12 21% 14 25% 8. 12 21% 14 25% 9. 41 73% 43 77% 10.24 43% 22 39% 11. 1 2% 1 2% 5-13 ( 73 77) BOT 5-9 106
107 BOT ( ) ( ) 5-14 5-14 ( 75 80) ( ) ( 59 63 ) ( ) BOT
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BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT 111
BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT BOT 112
BOT PFI PFI PFI BOT PFI BOT PFI 1980 BOT PFI PFI PFI 1980 PFI PFI BOT 113
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1. 87BOT 2. 86 BOT 34 2 57-70 3. 87 BOT 4. 88 69-103 5. 87 6. 86 7. 86 () 13 3-7 8. 87 BOT () 32 17-21 9. 87 BOT () 33 7-12 10. 83 BOT 11. 88 BOT ( ) 12. 86 13. 88BOT 116
14. 83 15. 87 BOT 32 6-10 16. 88 17. 88 BOT 18. 88 (1) 19. 84 357-370 20. 86 29 5 1-15 21. 89 (BOT ) 22. 89 BOT 15 23. 85BOT 24. 88-25. 88 BOT 1 2 26. 89BOT 51 22-24 27. 83 BOT 144 71-76 28. 87 -BOT 117
29. 86 34 6 19-31 30. 86 45 2 1-21 31. 87 BOT 23 113-133 32. 88BOT 33. 88 34. 86 BOT ( ) 35. 84 BOT 20-29. 36. 88 (Neo-Coalitionism)BOT 335-374 37. 85 38. 89BOT 39. 84BOT 26 1 30-50 40. 87-26-60 41. 85 42. 88 BOT 118
1.BOT 1997BOT 2. 1998 PFI 3. 1998PFI 4. 1998PFI 5. 1998 PFI 6. 1998PFI 7. 1999PFI 8 PFI 1999 PFI 9. 1999 PFI 1999 34 10. 2000 PFI 1. Tiong, L.K. Robert1992 The structuring of Build-Operate-Transfer construction projects Centre for Advanced Construction Studies, Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore. 2.RICS Buiness Service1996 The private finance initiativethe essential guidet 3.Cirell Stephen. 1997 Private finance initiative and local government FT Law&Tax. 4.RenshowMark1997 The private finance initiativeliterature review De Montfort UniversityDepartment of Land Management School of the Built Environment 119
5.Simon Marvin and Simon Guy 1997 Infrastructure Provision,Development Processes and the Co-production of Environmental Value Urban Studies,Vol.34pp2023-2036 6.Merna Owen 1998 Understanding the Private Finance Initiative Asia Law Practice Publishing Ltd. 7.Derek Kerr 1998 The Private Initiative and the Changing Government of the Built Environment Urban Studies,Vol.35pp2277-2301 8.Gordon L. Clark,Amanda Root1998Infrastructure shortfall in the United Kingdomthe private initiative and government policy Politial Geography 18pp341-365 9.J.B. Miller 1998 American s Emerging Public/Private Infrastructure StrategyThe End of Privatization, Paper Draft. 10.FoxJason 1999 The PFI handbook Jardan. 120
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