2003
A. B. C. (I) (II) (A) (B) D. EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 1
A. - - - Resourcefulness Feeling Special EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 2
( ) ( ) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 3 ( )
B. (A) (Watkins, C., 1996) (1) Directed learning (2) Multi-sensory learning (3) Collaborative learning (4) (Taking responsibility of own learning/ sense of ownership in learning) (5) (Learning how to learn, e.g. strategies, tactics, skills) (B) (Csikzentmihalyi, 1992) (6) (Enjoyable experience) (7) (Experience of reasonable challenge / High challenge, high skill experience) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 4
(Good Practice)?? (1) (2) (02 04) (3) ( : ) (4) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 5
?? ( ) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 6
C. (I) (A) 2 3 (Quality Indicators) (Descriptors) practice Emerging stage/level Established stage/level Advanced stage/level Independent learners High community involvement low-risk zone EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 7
- - EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 8
,, ( ) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 9
(A) Directed learning? 着 (Askew and Carnell, 1998, Juvonen, J., 1996) 1.1 Clear intentionality of the learning activity by Barber, M. 1997, Jonassen & Land, 2000 衞 EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 10
1.2 (Hammerman, D et al, 1999) 1.3 EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 11
Active learning / Multi-sensory Learning Cooper & McIntyre, 1993 synaptic connections (Smith, A, 1998, Jenson, E. 2000) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 12
learning styles Learning Styles ( 2.1a) Dale,E. EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 13
(Bentley, T., 1998,, 2002) Collaborative learning Gardner, 1983 Independent Inter-dependent Bentley, T., 1998 (DfES, 2001) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 14
(Fukuyama, 1995; 2001, p73) (Yip, S., 2000) 衞 Taking responsibility of own learning/ sense of ownership in learning EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 15
Broadfoot, P., 1996 Rudduck, J. 1996 Bruner Handover Principle Bruner, 1968; MacBeath, J., 1996 (Rudduck, 1996) (MacBeath & Turner, 1990) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 16
2002 on Adventure Counseling, 2000 on Service Learning Bruner Hand-over principle 着 (Scheffler, I., 1991) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 17
衞 Learning how to learn, e.g. strategies, tactics, skills Ramsden, P. 1986; Tabberer, R., 1984 Accelerated Learning Smith, A., 1996, DfEE, 1998, p7 1994 EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 18
(Ashew et al, 1999; 2002) (Conoisseurship in education, Eisner, E. 1998) - Assessment - Evaluation - Celebration of success 衞 ACE EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 19
( ) (Csikzentimihalyi, 1997, Hektner, 1996) (Husserl, E., 1970; Marton, 1984) (1) (2) ( 2000, Scheffler, I. 1991, 1994) 着 着 着 着 (Csikzentmihalyi, M.,1992, Marton, F., 1984, Andrews, K. 2000, Yip, S. & MacBeath J., 1997) EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 20
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) 2. (Csikzentmihalyi 1988, 1997) Autotelic self (Goleman, 1996, Watkins, 2000) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ( ), EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 21
d) 5 3 1 0 EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 22
EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 23
Andrews, K. (2001) Extra Learning, Times Educational Supplement Askew and Carnell, (1998) Transforming Learning: Individual and Global Change, Cassell: London Ashew et al., (1999) Feedback for Learning, Routledge: London Broadfoot, P. (1996) Assessment and Learning: Power or Partnership, in Goldstein, H and Lewis, T (eds) Assessment: Problems, Chichester and New York: Developments and Statistical Issues Barber, M. (1997) The Learning Game, Routledge:London Bentley, T. (1998) Learning beyond Classroom, DEMOS, Routledge: London Bruner, J. (1966) Toward a Theory of Instruction, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press Cooper & McIntyre (1993) Commonality in teachers and pupils perceptions of effective classroom learning, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 63(3):381-399 Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1988) Optimal Experience: Psychological Studies of flow in consciousness, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge Csikszentmihalyi M. (1992) Flow The Psychology of Happiness, London: Rider Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997) Living Well The Psychology of Everyday Life, Weidenfeld: London Dale, E. (1946) AudioVisual Methods of Teaching, Chicago Department for Education and Employment (1998) National Framework of Study Support, London: HMSO EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 24
Department for Education and Skills (2001) The Impact of Study Support, DfES & National Foundation of Educational Research NfER Eisner E. (1998) The Enlightened Eye: Qualitative Inquiry and the Enhancement of Educational Practice, Prentice Hall: New Jersey Fukuyama, F. (1995) Trust: The Social virtues and source of prosperity, Hamish Hamilton, London Gardner H. (1983) Frames of Mind : the theory of multiple intelligences, New York: Basic Books Goleman, D. (1996) Emotional Intelligence NY: Bantam Books Hammerman, D., et al. (1999) Teaching in the Outdoor, Interstate Publishers: USA Hektner (1996) Exploring Optimal Personality Development. A Longitudinal Study of Adolescents. PhD Thesis, University of Chicago Husserl, E. (1970) Logical Investigations (Findlay, Translation) Vol. 1, New York: Humanities Jenson, E. (1994) The Learning Brain, New York: Longman Jonassen & Land (2000) Theoretical Foundations of Learning Frameworks, LEA: USA Juvonen, J. & Wentzel, K. (1996) Social Motivation: Understanding children and school adjustmenty, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge Joyce, Calhoun & Hopkins (1997) Models of Learning Tools for teaching, OUP: Milton Keynes Maslow (1968) Toward a Psychology of being. USA EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 25
MacBeath, J. (1996) The Homework Question, Managing Schools Today, National Union of Teachers, April, p20-23 Marton F. et al. (1984) The Experience of Learning, Scottish Academic Press: Edinburgh Ramsden, P. (1988) Improving Learning: New Perspectives, London: Kogan Page Rudduck, J. et al. (1996) School Improvement: What can pupils tell us? London: David Fulton Scheffler, I. (1991) In Praise of the Cognitive Emotions: other essays in the philosophy of education, New York, Routledge Tabberer, R. (1983) Introducing Study Skills: an appraisal of initiatives at 16+ Windsor: NfER-Nelson Watkin, C. (1996) Effective Learning, School Improvement Network Newsletter, 5, Summer: London Watkins, C. (ed) (2000) Tomorrow s Schools Towards Integrity, Routledge: London Yip, S. (2000) Reflections: Study Support in Tower Hamlets, London Borough of Tower Hamlets: London Yip, S. & MacBeath, J. (ed), (1997), Getting Results, London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 26
氷 黄 EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 27
?, (quality of experience) --- (flow)? EMB/CDI/LWL/A Quality Framework 2004 28