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1 Hong Kong Teachers Centre JournalVol. 8 Hong Kong Teachers Centre 2009!"#$%&'()*+,-./0 Review and reflection on the senior middle school Chinese language curriculum standard in mainland China!"#$ Abstract National curriculum standards play a key role in educational reform. In global context, this paper explores the ideal characteristics and orientation of Chinese Language Curriculum Standard of Senior Middle School (experimental draft) in mainland China. Firstly, this paper reviews the Chinese language curriculum standard by using Tyler s four basic principles. Secondly, this paper explores the gap between curriculum standards and instructional practices from Schwab s practical perspective. Finally, this paper will also give suggestions for further improvement. Keywords curriculum standards, curriculum reform in Mainland China, Chinese Language subject 1

In global context, this paper explores the ideal characteristics and orientation of Chinese Language Curriculum Standard of Senior Middle School (experimental draft) in mainland China.

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16 Anju, R. & Richard, K. (1991). Curriculum integration: A critical analysis of practical and conceptual issues. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Beane, J.A. (1998). Curriculum integration - designing the core of democratic education. N.Y.: Teachers College. Berger, P. (1997). Four faces of global culture. The National Interest, Vol.49, Bruner, J. (1996). The culture of education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Cheng, K.M. (1995). The neglected dimension: Cultural comparison in educational administration. In J. Cheng & K. Wong (Eds.), Educational leadership and change: An international perspective. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. De Bono, E. (1973).Lateral thinking: Creativity step by step. New York: Hamper and Ross. Edward, G. & Jerry, M. (2001). The case against global economy. London: Earthscan Publication Ltd. Eisner, E. W. (1985). The art of educational evaluation: A personal view. London: Falmer Press. Eisner, E. W. (1985). The educational imagination: On the design and evaluation of school programs (2nd ed.). New York: Macmillan. George, M. J. & Christopher, W. (2000). Analyzing student-student interaction from cooperative learning and systemic functional perspective. Electronic Journal of Science Education, 4(4), Hardt, M. & Negri, A. (2000). Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Harkins, W. (1992). A practical approach to organizing curriculum. NASSP Bulletin, 76(2), Huang, F. (2004). Curriculum reform in contemporary China: Seven goals and six strategies. Journal of curriculum studies, 36(1), Huntington, S. P. (1996). The clash of civilization: Remaking of world order. New York: Touchstone. Part 1. 16

Bruner, J. (1996). The culture of education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Cheng, K.M. (1995). The neglected dimension: Cultural comparison in educational administration. In J. Cheng & K.

17 Kelly, A. V. (1986). Knowledge and curriculum planning. London: Harper & Row. Kennedy, K. (2005). Changing schools for changing times: New directions for the school curriculum in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Kennedy, K. J. & Lee, J. C. K. (2008). The changing role of schools in Asian societies: Schools for the knowledge. London: Routledge. Marsh, C. J. (1988). Curriculum :Practices and issues (2nd ed.). Sydney: McGraw-Hill. Qi, L. X. (2003). The intended washback effect of the national matriculation English test in China: intentions and reality. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Reid, W. A. (1992). The pursuit of curriculum: Schooling and the public interest. Norwood, N. J.: Ablex Pub. Corp. Schwab, J. J. (1973). The practical 3: Translation into curriculum. The School Review, 81(4), Schwab, J. J., Westbury, I., & Wilkof, N. J. (1978). Science, curriculum, and liberal education: Selected essays. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Schubert, W. H. (1986). Curriculum : Perspective, paradigm, and possibility. New York: Macmillan. Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), Smylie, M. A. (1988). The enhancement function of staff development: Organizational and psychological antecedents to individual teacher change. American Educational Research Journal, 25(1), Stufflebeam, D. L. & Shinkfield, A. J. (1985). Systematic evaluation. Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing. Tan, C. (2005). The potential of Singapore s ability driven education to prepare students for a knowledge economy. International Education Journal, 6(4), Thelen, H. A. (1981). The classroom society: The construction of educational experience. London: Croom Helm. Tyler, R. W. (1949). Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 17

Curriculum :Practices and issues (2nd ed.). Sydney: McGraw-Hill. Qi, L. X. (2003). The intended washback effect of the national matriculation English test in China: intentions and reality.

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content Hong Kong Teachers Centre JournalVol. 6 Hong Kong Teachers Centre 2007 (1994-2005) Learning experience in public-exam-oriented "Liberal Studies" an analysis of AS Liberal Studies examination reports (1994-2005)