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2003 9 263 303 1 1 1 995 6 5 04 1 989 3 22-263-

2 (1884-1919) 3 1 994 2 53-256 1 992 1 55-163 2 003 2 81-318 5 7 2 002 11 1 02-140 1 998 19-21 2 (Benjamin A. Elman) 1995 3 2000 26-39 -264-

(Benjamin A. Elman) (1764-1849) 4 (1719-1788) (1751-1799) 4 (Benjamin A. Elman) 1998 4-265-

( 1 7 6 7-1 8 1) (1769-1841) ( 1 7 1 7-1 7 9 5 ) ( 1 7 2 2-1 7 9 7 ) ( 1 7 2 4-1 7 7 7 ) ( 1 7 2 4-1 8 0 5 ) ( 1 7 2 4-1 8 0 6 ) ( 1 7 2 8-1 8 0 4 ) (1729-1781) 5 1 754 6 (1702-1764) ( 1 7 3 5-1 8 1 5 ) (1744-1832) 7 (1738-1801) 5 6 1997 27-28 7-266-

8 1 775 9 ( 1744-1794 ) 10 ( 1810-1882 ) 11 (1869-1936) 12 ( 1730-1797 ) 13 14 15 1989 24 8 1 985 150 9 181 10 2000 262 11 11 18 12 1998 160 1 3 3 56 14 57 15 57-267-

1 6 17 18 19 20 21 22 (1723-1759) 23 16 1991 12 295 17 2 11 18 2 8 19 2 4 20 2 15 21 75 22 4 23 5 19-268-

24 25 (1782-1831) 26 (1794-1856) 27 (1746-1809) ( 1753-1818 ) ( 1697-1758 ) 24 25 3 4 26 3 27 1983 237-238 -269-

2 8 29 30 (1743-1796) 31 3 2 2 8 2 001 3 1035 29 1 190 30 347 31 1 92 32 1 9 8 0 1 9 9 1 2 0 0 1-270-

3 3 3 4 35 36 3 7 1 979 7 4 0-44 1 6 2 000 3 5 23-583 33 1 996 8 34 1995 2 53 35 1 983 2 8 9 824 36 4 139-141 37 1998 68-271-

38 (1716-1797) 39 40 41 1 7 9 0 42 4 3 (1761-1831) 38 1967 161 3 9 1997 1 9 196 40 4 41-42 41 5 2368-2371 2387-2390 2399-2400 42 1 936 6 9 7 7 7 9 3 1035 43 150-272-

44 45 46 47 48 ( 1 7 4 9-1 7 8 3 ) ( 1 7 4 5-1 7 9 9 ) ( 1 7 4 4-1 8 0 6 ) (1735-1818) ( 1 7 3 1-1 7 8 1 ) ( 1 7 1 8-1 7 8 4 ) ( 1 7 4 8-1 7 9 8 ) (755-1809) (1755-1817) 49 4 4 1 985 4 23 45 1933 46 1999 92-93 4 7 1 981 20 8a-b 48 95 49 1 995 1 481 422-273-

50 51 52 53 ( 1 7 5 0-1 8 1 6 ) 50 1 1 51 1975 823 52 1 975 1 665 53 1 985 1 6-274-

54 5 5 56 57 58 54 5 3 3 1998 153 55 56 5 57 821 58 8 23 8 30-275-

( 1 7 6 1-1 8 0 2 ) ( 1 7 3 5-1801) 5 9 60 6 1 6 2 ( 1 7 7 4-1 8 2 9 ) (1744-1822) 6 3 64 ( 1 7 1 3-1 7 8 9 ) 1993 8 5 9 1 985 21 60 25 61 21 62 2 47 2 48 247 464 630 63 26 64 3 1 994 1 36 1 6-7 751-752 -276-

65 66 ( 1776-1829 ) 67 65 1 66 1 984 4 8 1990 206 67 25-277-

6 8 1 7 8 5 69 68 1 970 16 232-260 69 234-278-

(1730-1806) 70 1 7 8 8 71 1 7 8 9 1 7 9 1 ( 1 7 5 1-1 8 0 5 ) ( 1747-1823 ) 72 1 792 1 793 ( 1760-1827 ) ( 1764-1810 ) ( 1770-1839 ) 1 769-1842 (1769-1817) ( 1744-1819 ) 73 1 7 9 4 1 7 9 5 ( 1 7 4 4-1813 ) ( 1738-1807 ) 74 70 2 6 5 1 71 234 72 234-237 73 237-238 74 239-240 -279-

75 1 8 0 0 1 8 1 0 1 8 0 1 1 804 (1766-1834) ( 1738-1789 ) 1 805 ( 1 7 7 1-1 8 3 4 ) 1 806 1 807 (1761-1830) 1 808 (1765-1837) (1760-1821) (1748-1808) ( 1 7 4 3-1 8 2 1 ) ( 1 7 5 7-1 8 2 5 ) 1 811 76 ( 1 7 2 1-1 7 9 9 ) ( 1 7 6 3-1 8 2 5 ) 75 240-241 76 241-248 -280-

77 7 8 7 9 8 0 8 1 8 2 7 7 1 466 2 4 39-40 78 4 194 79 2 4 80 257 81 2 12-13 82 3 70-281-

8 3 ( 1 7 5 5-1 8 0 9 ) 84 85 1 7 9 4 1 8 0 4 1 811 8 6 87 1 7 4 4 8 8 89 83 2 84 4 6 85 25 86 3 61 87 68 8 8 5 5 1 89 2 1-282-

90 1 7 7 6-1 8 6 0 91 92 93 9 4 (1770-1832) 90 4 9 91 3 88 92 4 30 93 3 79 94 73-283-

95 96 95 74 96 76-284-

9 7 98 9 9 (1735-1795) 1 00 1 8 0 8 1 8 2 3 1 783 97 235 98 1 129 99 3 0 29 100 1-11 -285-

1 0 1 102 1 789 1 03 1 0 4 1 790 101 1981 9 102 3 58-359 103 10 10 4 5 7 3 32-286-

( 1 7 6 4-1 8 2 7 ) 1 0 5 ( 1 7 6 4-1 8 3 3 ) ( 1 7 7 2-1 8 3 5 ) ( 1 7 7 1-1 8 3 6 ) ( 1 7 7 3-1 8 1 6 ) ( 1 7 7 7-1 8 4 6 ) (1780-?) 1 0 6 (1818-1891) 1 0 7 1 0 8 1 798 109 1 801 110 1 805 111 105 1 6 1 9 8 7 6 106 1 985 6 12 29 107 6 108 109 18 11 110 18-19 111 21-22 -287-

11 2 1 806 11 3 114 115 116 1 8 2 3 1831 117 118 112 1998 22 195 113 22-23 114 3 73 115 5 3 116 3 1 8 1 3 5 1 2 31 4 26 117 23 118 2 1-2 -288-

119 120 121 122 119 26 120 1986 267-270 121 2 25 122 3 13-289-

123 124 123 4 17-18 124 1 989 1 07-290-

( 1 7 5 9 ) 1 25 1 26 1 7 5 7 1 27 128 ( 1 7 5 3-1 8 2 7 ) 129 1 7 8 2 1 3 0 1 31 125 25 6 126 6-7 127 26 9 12 8 1 989 23 366-367 12 9 1 478 5 20 390 130 1975 64 131 61-291-

1 32 1 33 1 34 1 3 5 136 1 37 1 7 8 4 1 38 1 7 8 6 1 3 9 13 2 1 936 8 133 1997 6 71-72 134 55 12-16 135 1990 256 260 136 64 137 1959 522 138 1 995 1 6 139 7-292-

1 4 0 1 4 1 ( - 1 7 8 1 ) (1734-1784) 142 1 4 3 1 4 4 1 45 1 801 1 4 6 140 4 141 2 1993 2 396-398 142 1 7 143 11 144 13 145 16 146 2 41-293-

147 1 4 8 1 49 1 50 151 1 820 147 162 148 1995 8 300 149 150 1 3 5 6 1 983 9 70-79 151 3 1-32 1 978 495-294-

1 5 2 1 5 3 154 152 1 9 8 0 153 15 154 13-14 -295-

1 55 1 56 157 1 58 155 18-19 156 6 157 8 158 4 5-296-

159 1 6 0 1 6 1 1 6 2 1 6 3 1 6 4 1 6 5 166 167 1 6 8 1 6 9 159 3 18 160 4 22 161 1 994 8 8 1 1 162 11 26 163 1 2 6 164 2 3 165 166 4 1 167 168 169-297-

170 171 ( 1833-1916 ) ( 1817-1878 ) ( 1832-1901 ) ( -1878) 170 171 1 989 2 8 (1839) 1 90-298-

1 790 1 7 2 172 11 5 7 1 6 296-299-

1 7 3 173 4 1 995 2 7 1 993 231 241-300-

174. 174 4 5-301-

-302-

The Mid-Qing Changzhou Scholars Views on Evidential Scholarship: Focusing on Zang Yong and Li Zhaoluo TSAI Ch ang-lin The wi dely established evidential method and its resultant academic values heralded a new spirit in classical learning in the regions of Wu, Wan, Jiading, Gaoyou, Qiantang, and beyond. Although scholars in Changzhou were also affected by this new kind of scholarship, the region had its own rich tradition in classical study, which d i ffered from evidential method and its values. As a result, s i n c e the middle of the Qi anlong reign, even though Hong Liangji, Sun Xingyan, Zhuang Shuzu, Zhang Huiyan and others had used evidential methodology in their studies, the shape of Changzhou schol arship was st ill observabl y different from t he strict evidential methodology of Wu, Wan, or Yangzhou. During the Qianlong-Jiaqing transition, Zang Yong and Li Zhaoluo represented two entirely different styles of classical study. Zang persisted in so-called Han learning; evidential research and compilation work were his life-long commitment. In contrast, Li Zhaoluo underscored Changzhou s scholarly tradition and harbored a critical attitude towards evidential study. In this light, this article examines these famous Changzhou scholars scholarly writings, their scholarly careers, as well as their academic attitudes and values. It also investigates the interaction between the Changzhou scholars and the larger scholarly world of the time. It illustrates the unique style of Changzhou scholarship under the impact of evidential study, illuminating the particular significance of the Changzhou school. It suggests tha t the formation of the Cha ngzhou school was rooted in Changzhou s own long-standing scholarly tradition, whereby emphasis was put on the practical concerns of Confucianism, particularly the kind of Confucianism that was closely related to the examination/bureaucratic system, which informed a s i g n i f i c a n t part of Changzhou scholars classical studies. Keywords: Changzhou scholarship Han learning evidential studies eight-legged essay -303-