Ξ :,, :,,, :,,,, :,, 1,,,,, :, 2,, () : Ξ,;, 1 [] :,,1996,43 2 [] E :,,1999,3 150
,,, (Pisistratus),,,,,,, ;, 3,,,,,,,,,,, (), 4, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,:, :,,,,, 5,,,,,,,,,,, (), : 6,,, 3 :,1954,114 4 :,2001,349 5 []:,,1998,636 6 []:,,1999 151
2004 1,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 7,,,,, (),,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, () 8,,,, :,, 9,,,,,,,, 10,,,, :,, 7 4,1972,109 8 O. vin Gierke,Natural Law and the Theory of Society,see G. C. Christie, Jurisprudence - Text and Readings on the Philosophy of Law, 9 :,,1965,199 10 :,1986,19 152 West Publishing Company,1973,p1263.
:, 11,, :, ;,, 12,,,,,, :(Rechtsstaat),,,,,, 13 :,,,, 17 18,,, : 15 :,,,, (,?), 16,,,,;, ;, 17,, 18 : ( ) ( ),, 19,,,, 20,,,,,,, 14 11 9 12[] :,,1982,123 13[] J:,, 1993,259 14 :,1994,249 15[] :,,1983,104 16 :,,1996,36 17[] :,,1996,50 18 19 [] : (),1969,106,209 20R. Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously, Harvard University Press, 1978,p1272. 153
2004 1,,,,,, 21 (),, :, 22,,,, :, 23,,,, 24 : ( ),; 25,,,,,, (right reason) ;, ;,, 26,,,,,,,,,,,;,,, 27,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 21,, 22 1,,53 23[]:,,1991,117 24 25 9,,148 26[] : :,, 1984,15 27[]:,,1988,1 154,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,19 20,,,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, 28, 29,,, 30,,,,, :,, 31, 28See Robert P. George, Natural Law - Contemporary Essays, Oxford,Clarendon Press, 1992,p131. 29 :,,1990,12 30See John Finis, Natural Law and Natural Rights,Oxford University Press, 19801 p. 125 127. 31 2,,3 155
2004 1 ( ),,,,,,,,,,, ;,;,;20,,,,,,,, 32,,;,,,,,, ;;,, 33,,,,,,,,, 34,,,,,; ; ; ;, (),,,,, 32See Tony Burns, Natural Law and Political Ideology in the Philosophy of Hegel,Avebury Ashgate Publishing Ltd,19961 33 :,1990,453 497 34See Yves R. Simon, The Tradition of Natural Law,New York, Fordham University Press,1965,p. 3. 156
, 19,20,,,,,,,,,, 35,,,,, 1787,,,, (),,,, :,,,, 36,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, :,,;, 37,,,,,,, 35:,1993,129 36[]:,,1998,181 37J. Waldron, Theories of Rights,Oxford University Press, 1984, p1211 157
2004 1 ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, 38,,, (),,,,, (),,,, ;, ( ),,, ; ;,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 39, 38[] :,,1971,63 39See H. Kelsen, Essays in Legal and Moral Philosophy,ed. by Weinberger. 158
,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 40,,,,, :,,,, 41,,, 42,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 43, :, 44,,,,,,,, 40:, 2001 3 41[]:,,1994,68 42[] J:,, 1991,3 43 5,,291 44 1,,43 159
2004 1,,,,,, (),,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,(),,( ) ;, ;,,,,, Abstract : The nature law notion in western countries has experienced four phases as the naturalism natural law in ancient Athens and Rome, theologicalism natural law in middle ages, rationalism natural law in latter - day, and liberalism natural law in modern society. Its originating in ancient Athens has its historical, geographic, econom2 ic and social context. Its lasting for over 2000 years and prospering has its fundamental reason, i. e. the continu2 ity of the democratic tradition from ancient Athens, of the seeking value, rational spirit, and the feature in methodology of natural law. Natural law also has its unavoidable defects. Despite of this, from a general view, natural law is a positive ideology, asking for our due attention to its historical status and important significance. Key words : natural law, legal rule, western jurisprudence 160