* 30 20 80 B Abstract Western environmental anthropology in the last 30 years has been trying to transcend the traditional dichotomy of nature vs. culture. Among many efforts the dwelling perspective proposed by Tim Ingold has seized great attention. This thesis applies Ingold s perspective to the dramatic changes of Inner Mongolian grassland since 1980s when the responsibility system for grassland and livestock and the market mechanism were formally introduced into the grassland. Focus will be placed on the rupture continuation and revival of the pastoral habits of the Mongolian herders in Village B their association with their life world in the dynamic history or how they achieve the status of contradictory dwelling. Keywords dwelling habits holism environmental anthropology Pierre Bourdieu 2001 293-294 134
2007 30 Tim Ingold the dwelling perspective 20 60 Julian Steward 70 Roy Rappaport Marvin Harris Ingold 2000 41 20 30 Franz Boas 50 60 60 1 2 the building perspective 20 80 Ingold 2000 135
2010/11 136 60 Kirsten Hastrup 20 90 topograph 2007 53 W. Quine D. Davinson John Mcdowell 2007a 2007b 2008 2009 B 3 4 20 80 5 2004 2005 2008 3 B 8 2007 50
B 20 80 20 80 20 B 45 137
138 2010/11 B B B 5 6
5 60 1 13 2 3 7 139
140 2010/11 60 B 4 ~ 5 20 80 1984 B 40 B 600 B 1984
600 1990 Hardin 1968 80 B 1984 650 530 120 500 200 300 200 1994 2005 30 200 B 100 8 1994 B 1994 141
2010/11 9 1990 1984 1. 1990 1994 30 36 2. 1984 60 B 3. 1984 10 1994 1984 142
B Williams 2002 203 1985 Capitalization of Nature Escobar 1996 54-55 B 143
144 2010/11 2008 20 80 20 80 30 50 輥 輯 訛
2007b Li 2009 2007 B 訛 輰 輥 1 2500 5 1 900 1500 2 500 80 3 60 30 2005 4 100 4000 5 1000 70% ~ 80% 3000 200 訛 輱 輥 輲 訛 輥 145
2010/11 訛 輳 輥 1600 訛 輵 輥 350 2008 8 2 2007 16000 C B 80 2008 80 130 輥 輴 訛 33000 30 10 146
Bou Bou 100 1956 260 200 40 輥 輶 訛 147
2010/11 3 * 2009 ~ 2010 2010 6 2005 2 20 80 43 ~ 61 2008 6 97 ~ 108 2007 6 23 http //www.brooks.ngo.cn/caoyuan/download/ 070623_1.doc 2000 294 ~ 326 B 2007 4 44 ~ 57 2008 1 68 ~ 74 2004 2001 293 ~ 294 2003 148
2004 Blackwell Publishing. 5 86 ~ 91 Hardin G 1968 The Tragedy of the Common Sci- 2010 ence 162 pp. 34-67. Ingold Tim 2000 The Perception of the Environment 2007 New York Routledge. 4 34 ~ 39 Williams Dee Mack 2002 Beyond Great Walls Envi- 2008 ronment Identity and Development on the Chinese B 4 187 ~ 205 2007a 2 106 ~ 117 2007b 1 33 ~ 57 2008 1 2 22 ~ 48 2009 1 60 ~ 72 Bloch Maurice 1990 Language Anthropology and Cognitive Science Man Vol. 26 No. 2 pp. 183-198. Bourdieu Pierre 1977 Outline of Practice Theory Richard Nice trans. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Escobar Arturo 1996 Constructing Nature Elements for a Poststructural Political Ecology in Richard Peet & Michael Watts ed. Liberation Ecologies Environment Development Social Movements London Routledge. Fu Li 2009 Local People A Role Needs to be Further Identified in the Development Process Gray John 2003 Open Spaces and Dwelling Places Being at Home on Hill Farms in the Scottish Borders in Denise Lawrence and Setha M. Low ed. The Anthropology of Space and Place Locating Culture Malden Essays on Livelihood Dwelling and Skill London and Grasslands of Inner Mongolia Stanford Stanford University Press. 2003 2 Maurice Bloch Bloch 1990 3 4 habitus 149
2010/11 5 systems of durable transposable dispositions Bourdieu 1977 62004 7 72005 5 82005 7 92005 8 102005 8 輥 輯 訛 輥 輶 訛 輥 輰 訛 B 輥 輱 訛 2008 6 輥 輲 訛 2008 7 輥 輳 訛 輥 輴 訛 2008 8 輥 輵 訛 2000 150