1-1 1-2 1-3
1-1 (development)(santrock, 2006) (hyperplasia) (hypertrophy) 1. (Fetal Stage) (zygote) 266 2. (Neonatal Stage) 28 3. (Infancy) 28 1 4. (Toddlerhood) 1~3 2
Chapter 01 5. (Early Childhood)(preschooler) 3~6 6. (Middle Childhood) (school age) 6~12 7. (Adolescence) 12~20 8. (Early Adulthood) (adult) 20~40 9. (Middle Adulthood) 40~65 10. (Late Adulthood) 65 ( ) (unique) (critical period) ( ) 6 3
1. (Cephalocaudal Development) 2. (Proximodistal Development) 3. (Mass-specific Development) 1. (central nervous system, CNS) (peripheral nervous system, PNS) (myelinization) 20 80 5~7% 2. (bone mass density, BMD) 35 30 80 30~40% 2003 4
Chapter 01 3. 4. 4~5 5. 6 2 1 3 30 60 2003 6. 3 6 7. 8 8. 45~50 5
50 ( ) (Mann & Sabatino, 1994) 1. (1) (intelligence) (Alfred Binet) 1916 (Spearman, 1927) (general intellectual ability, g factor) (specific intelligence ability, s factor) 1995 (2) (Piaget) (1969) 2. (semantics)(phoneme) (morpheme) (syntax) (pragmatics)(santrock, 2006) 1 (crying) 6
Chapter 01 1 (cooling) a e o u 5~6 (babbling) 8~9 1 (holophrases) 1 2 3~4 5 ( ) 1. (personality) 2003 (id) (ego) (superego) 1995 2. (affects) (Schuster & Ashburn, 1988) 3. (socialization) 7
(Erikson) 6 (attachment behavior) (stranger anxiety) (separation anxiety) 2 (peer) 4. (moral) 1996 7 (heteronomous morality) 10 8
Chapter 01 (autonomous morality) 10 (Piaget & Inhelder, 1969) (Kohlberg) (nature) (nurture) ( ) (Heredity Factors) ( ) (Environment Factors) (Atkinson et al., 1996) (selective breeding) 9
(Bergeman & Plomin, 1989) A B C 2003 1-2 ( ) (Psychosexual Development Theory) (Sigmund Freud, 1856~1939) 1. (1) (2) (impulses) (drive) (3) 10
Chapter 01 2. (1) (Id) (libido) (the pleasure principle) (2) (Ego) (the reality principle) (3) (Superego) 6 (the morality principle) (erogenous zone) (fixation) 1. Oral Stage, 1 2. Anal Stage, 1~3 11
3. Phallic Stage, 3~6 (Oedipus complex) (Castration anxiety) (Electra complex) 4. Latency Stage, 6~12 5. Genital Stage, 12 (puberty) ( ) (Psychosocial Development Theory) (Erikson, 1902) (crisis) (Erikson, 1963) 1. Trust v.s. Mistrust, 0~1 12
Chapter 01 2. Autonomy v.s. Shame and Doubt, 1~3 3. Initiative v.s. Guilt, 3~6 4. Industry v.s. Inferiority, 6~12 5. Identity v.s. Role Confusion, 12~20 6. Intimacy v.s. Isolation, 20~40 7. Generativity v.s. Stagnation, 40~65 13
8. Ego Integrity v.s. Despair, 65 (Cognitive Development Theory) (Jean Piaget, 1896~1980) (Piaget & Inhelder, 1969) 1. (Scheme, Schema) (idea) (attitude) (belief) (act) 2. (Adaptation) (the knower)(the known) (the knowing process) 1995 (1) (Assimilation) (2) (Accommodation) 3. (Equilibration) 14
Chapter 01 1. Sensorimotor Stage, 0~2 (hands-on) 1 (object permanence) (deferred imitation) (symbolic function) (symbol) 2. Preoperational Thought Stage, 2~7 2~4 4~7 (1) (Egocentrism) (2) (Animism) (3) (Symbolic Play) (4) (Irreversibility) (5) (Perceptual Centration) 15
3. Concrete Operational Stage, 7~11 (relation) (classification) (seriation) (decentration) (reversibility) (conservation) 4. Formal Operational Stage, 11 (hypothetic-deductive reasoning) (symbols) (propositional reasoning) 11 (Piaget, 1972) (1) (2) (3) 1950 16
Chapter 01 (J. Dewey) (Lawrence Kohlberg) (Moral Development Theory) (Lawrence Kohlberg, 1927~1987) 1969 (convention) 1. Preconventional Level of Morality, 0~7 (1) Punishment-obedience Orientation, 2~4 3 (2) Instrumental-relativist Orientation, 4~7 5 2. Conventional Level of Morality, 7~12 17
(1) Good Boy / Nice Girl Orientation, 7~10 8 1-1 0~1 0~1 1~3 3~6 1~3 3~6 6~12 12~18 6~12 12~20 20~40 40~65 65 18
Chapter 01 (2) Law and Order Orientation, 10~12 11 0~2 0~7 2~4 4~7 2~7 2~4 4~7 7~11 11 7~12 7~10 10~12 13~18 13~15 15~18 19