JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Leaming (2) ( ) (3) (4) ( ) ; ( ) ; (Miller R.B.1962) Task description and analysis [2] (Gagne R.M) : (1) [3] (

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Leaming (2) ( ) (3) (4) ( ) ; ( ) ; (Miller R.B.1962) Task description and analysis [2] (Gagne R.M) : (1) [3] ("

贵润歹范
5 years ago
Views:

1 荨荨 ( ; ) 协作学习活动结构是对协作学习过程的一种设计规划和描述教师通过设计协作学习活动结构对协作学习过程实现隐性控制促成协作学习有效发生在阐述协作学习活动结构设计的流程和原则基础之上系统建构了协作学习活动结构设计的任务分析时序排列角色定义和资源分配 4 种策略并分析了协作学习活动结构化的局限协作学习 ; 协作学习活动结构 ; 合作技能 ; 知识建构 G434 A (2012) ( ) : :(1) ; [1]??? (productive interaction) 1 图 1 协作学习活动设计的流程 * : ( : ) ( :XDJK2012C024) 74

2 JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Leaming (2) ( ) (3) (4) ( ) ; ( ) ; (Miller R.B.1962) Task description and analysis [2] (Gagne R.M) : (1) [3] ( ) [4] (3) : ; ; [5] (4) [6] (5) [7] (6) ( ) 1. 任务分析概述 (2) 75

3 荨荨 ; ; Gagne Medsker ; [8] [11] :1 2 3 (D.H. Jonassen) [9] 4 ( ) 2. 任务分析方法 : ; : (1) [10] ( ) (prerequisites analysis) (2) A B C D B D 2 图 2 任务层次关系 5 X Y :1 / X Y Y X 2 X Y 76

4 JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Leaming X Y (3) X Y X Y 6 Z X Y Z 4 X Y X Y :1 2 3 / 4 ( ) 3 MURDER 图 3 时序排列的三种结构 (1) [13] (2) [12] ( ) 77

5 荨荨 Strijbos 4 : [14] 4 2. 建构角色互赖防止搭便车者角色 4 图 4 四种典型宏观角色 ; ; ; 4 ( ) 4. 激发小组自加工发挥头领的示范和引领作用 1. 激励角色个体责任意识规范先锋角色行为 : ; 3. 设定检查者避免隐客角色 : ; ; ; [15] 78

6 JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Leaming ( ) 1. 典型案例 ConceptGrid ConceptGrid Pierre Dillenbourg (2002) : [16] ConceptGrid Jigsaw ( ) 图 6 资源分配结构 (1) A B C ConceptGrid : 6 A B C 4 2 : ; ( (2) A B C X? ) ( = ) ( ) Jigsaw : 图 5 概念关系 2. 资源分配结构及应用策略 ( 4 ) 79

7 荨荨 (3) A B C ( ) ( ) ( ) : A B C (4) A A B B C ( ) ( ) 3 A 1 B 2 C 3 B A ( ) : : ; ( ); 80

8 JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Leaming [6]Winzer M. A.. Educational psychology in Canadian Classrooms (2nd ed.)[m]. Toronto: Prentice Hall1994. ( ) [7]Omrod J.. Educational Psychology: Principles and Applications [M]. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall1995. [8]. [M]. : [9]Jonassen D. H. Tessmer M. & Hannum W. H.. Task Analysis Methods for Instructional Design[M]. New York: Erlbaum : [10]Gagne R.M.. The Conditions of Learning (4th ed.) [M]. New York: Holt Rinehart & Winston1985. [11]Gagne R.M. & Medsker K.L.. The Conditions of Learning: Training Applications [M]. Fort Worth TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich [12]O'Donnell A. M. & Dansereu D. F.. Scripted Cooperation in Stu- Dyads: A Method for Analyzing and Enhancing Academic dent Learning and Performance [A].In R. Hartz -Lazarowitz and N. Miller (Eds.) Interactions in Cooperative Groups: The Theoretical Anatomy of Group learning [C]. London: Cambridge University Press 1992: [13]Mudrack P.E. & Farrell G.M.. An Examination of Functional Role [ ] [1]FischerF.KollarI.HaakeJ.M. & MandlH.. Perspectives on Collaboration Behavior and Its Consequences for Individuals in Group Settings [J]. Small Group Research (4): Scripts [A]. In F.FischerH.MandlJ.Haake&I.Kollar (Eds.). [14]Strijbos J.W. & De Laat M.F.. Developing the Role Concept for Scripting Computer -supported Collaborative learning Cognitive Computational Edcuational Perspectives [C]. New York: Springer Computer-supported Collaborative Learning Series2007:1-10. [2]Miller R. B.. Task Description and Analysis [A]. In R. M. Gagne Psychological Principles in System Development[C].New York: Holt Computer -Supported Collaborative Learning: An Explorative Synthesis [J]. Computers in Human Behavior (4): [15]. : [M]. : 2003:9. [16]Dillenbourg P.. Over -scripting CSCL: The Risks of Blending Rinehart & Winston Collaborative Learning with Instructional Design [A]. In Three [3]AndersonR.C. Must G.W.. Educational Psychology: The Science of Instruction and learning[m]. New York: Harper & RoW.1973:57. Worlds of CSCL: Can We Support CSCL (ed. P.A. Kirschner) [C]. Open Universiteit Nederland Heerlen2002: [4]Glover J. A. & Bruning R. H.. Educational Technology: Principles and Applications (3rd ed.) [M]. Glenview Illinois: Scott Foresman and Company1990. [5]Slavin R.E.. Educational Psychology: Theory in Practice (3rd ed.) [M].Prentice-Hall International Inc1991: [ ] (toliangyu@gmail.com); Yu Liang 1 & Huang Ronghuai 2 (1. College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University Chongqing ; 2. R&D Center for Knowledge Engineering Beijing Normal University Beijing ) The structure of collaborative learning activity can design plan and describe collaborative learning process. Teachers implicitly control collaborative learning process to improve learning outcome by means of designing the structure of collaborative learning activity. After discussing the process and principle of the design of the structure of collaborative learning activity the paper puts forward four strategies: task analysis sequencing role scripting and resource allocation and analyzes the weakness of the struc - ture of collaborative learning activity. Collaborative learning; Structure of collaborative learning activity; Collaborative skill; Knowledge building : : 81

JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Learning Bakhtin [15] Russell (Engestr 觟 m) [16] Miettinen [9] [17] 1. [18] (mediation) [10] S 2 : R X S

JOURNAL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Views on Learning Bakhtin [15] Russell (Engestr 觟 m) [16] Miettinen [9] [17] 1. [18] (mediation) [10] S 2 : R X S 荨荨 * 1 2 (1. 400715; 2. 100875) [ ] [ ] ; ; ; [ ] G40-057 [ ] A [ ] 1672 0008(2014)01 0048 08 2014 1 220 ) ( ) (L.S. Vygotsky) (Leont ev) IMS-LD [1] CANDLE [2] DialogPLUS [3] X4L [4] LADiE [5] [6] IMS-LD