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1 12 3 Vol. 12,No. 3, AC TA ZOON U TR IM EN TA SIN ICA J ul : X (2000) , (, ) : : ; ; : Q 54 ; S : A EFFECTS OF OXID IZED OIL O N ANIMALS REN Ze - l in, HUO Qi - guang ( Feed Research I nstit ute, Chi nese A cadem y of A gricult u ral S ciences, Beiji ng , Chi na) ABSTRACT: In t his paper, recent advances about effect s of oxidized oil on animals are p resented. The discussion gives emp hasis on t he following topics :oil oxidized p roduct s,evaluation standard of oil oxida2 tion,absorption and metabolism of oxidized p roduct s,nut ritional values of oxidized oil,effect s of oxidized oil on performance, biomembrance, enzyme activity, tissues and organs, as well as on hematolo gical in - dices and meat qualit y,and cont roll of toxicit y of oxidized oil. Key words : o xidized oil ; animal ; effect,,,,,,,,,,,,, ; ;, ,,,,,,, : : (1967), ( ),,,,

2 2 12,,, Chang (1978) (185 ) 4, 220,, Hsieh (1989) Karahadian (1989), Chang (1978), Chang (1978),,, C - C C - O,, Hemans (1973), % 4 % Imagawa (1983) Kanazawa (1983, 1986),,,Patton (1951) Porter (1980) 3 4,White (1992) Osawa (1992) 0. 2 m FeCl mh 2O , (60. 5nmol/ mg ), (33. 4nmol/ mg ) (33. 9nmol/ mg ),, ( ),,,,, %( Izaki,1984) 1. 2, ( ), (Chang, 1978), ( Hatate, 1994) ;,, Koshio (1994) 40, (20 : 5n - 3, EPA) (22 : 6n - 3,D HA),,,, Kanazawa (1983),,,,,,, ( Izaki,1984) ;,, ( Hung,1980,1981),,,,,,,, ( Izaki,1984 ;Liu,1995), 1. 3,,,,, ( Izaki,1984 ;,1988), (,1988) 1. 4,,, Imagawa (1983), NAD H NAD H - ; Mat2

3 3 : 3 sushita (1970), ( RNase) Agerbo (1992), - 6 -,,, Imagawa (1983) ( mg/. ),, Agerbo (1992) 5 9, ,,, Watanabe (1966) ( POV) meqO 2/ kg ( POV 4meq O 2/ kg), 10 %,,,,, 2,, ( POV),,,, (Stangelo,1992) O 2,, ( Fox) ( Xylenol orange) Fe 3 +,, ( ESR), (L C),, ; L C ( GC/ MS) ( Kanazawa,1986 ; Karahadian,1989) ( GC) (Stangelo,1992),, ( TBARS),, ( TBA), 523nm ( 515nm, 553m), ( TBARS),, mol (Stangelo,1992) Henick (1954) 2, 4 2, 4, Robards (1988) ( P - Anisidine, AV ), Hung (1980),AV TBARS, AV TBARS,, TBARS Kanazawa, (1983), TBARS (MDA), TBA, TBA,Osawa (1992) Z -, ( HPL C),,,,, GC/ MS ( Kanazawa,1986 ; Karahadian,1989) (L H) (L g ) ( H 2Fa) n - 6

4 4 12, n - 3 (Stangelo,1992) ( HN E) HN E n - 6, HPL C, HN E, GC/ MS,HN E (Stangelo,1992) (AV), ( Kanazawa,1986 ; Karahadian,1989), ( Izaki,1984), ( IV),, ( Izaki,1984), ,, (,1988) ,,,, POV TBARS, (AV) ( IV), 3 Glavind (1971), GSH - Px Draper (1984), Hata (1981),, TBARS ( Kanazawa, 1986 ; Naruszewicz, 1987 ; Stap rans, 1993b), (r = , P < 0. 01) (Stap rans, 1993b),, Art man (1969),,, GSH GSH (Aw, 1992),, (86. 6 %) (55 %) ( ) ( Kanazawa,1985) (Stap rans,1993b), ( 2. 6 %) ( Kanzawa,1985), ( Kanazawa, 1986),,,, TBARS, 52 %,, 30 % 25 % CO2 ( Kanazawa,1985),,,,,

5 3 : 5 4 ( - T) - ( - T) (J et hmalani,1989), - T g, ( Hung,1981 ; Izaki,1984 ; Sheehy, 1993 ; Koshio, 1994),, ( PU FAs) ( Hung,1981 ;Baker,1997b), (18 : 2n - 6) (18 : 3n - 3) ( Hemans,1973 ;Sheehy,1993 ;,1994 ; Engberg,1996),, n - 3 ( P < 0. 05) ( Hung, 1981 ; Borsting, 1994), ( P < 0. 05) (Borsting, 1994), (Marguez - Ruiz,1992) (CM) (Stap rans,1993b), CM (Stap rans, 1993a),, ( ), (DM) ( P > 0. 05) ( Engberg,1996),,, 4 8, ( Engberg, 1994), 5,,, ( Hemans, 1973 ; Kanazawa, 1985 ;Blanc,1992 ; Hochgraf,1997) Hussein (1982) Calabotta (1985) Sallman (1988) Lin (1989) J akobsen (1993) Sheehy (1994) Dibner (1996) Engberg (1996) Wang (1997),Borsting (1994) Engberg (1994),Desjardins (1987),Murai (1974), Baker (1996b), Forster (1988), Gallet de Saint - Aurin (1987), Koshio (1994), Sakaguchi (1969) Murai (1988) Hashimoto (1966) (1997), (,1991) ( Izaki,1984 ;Ashwin,1991) (Oet rel,1982) (Sakai,1992) (Step han,1993) ( Hung,1980,1981 ;Cowey,1984) ( Kosutarak,1995), Hung (1981), 7. 5 % 9,, E, E ( EMQ) ( Hung,1981), 1 % ( GSH) (Murai,1988),,, (Dibner,1996),,, ( ),,,, 6, (Dobret sov, 1977 ; Hayam, 1993), (Wihing,1965 ;Machlin,1987 ;Slater,1987)

6 , : PU FAs (Baker, 1997b), - 6, ( Ruiz - Gutierrez,1992), PU FAs, PU FAs PU FAs PU FAs, (Shinitzky,1974 ; Ruiz - Gutierrez,1992), 25-7, Ca 2 + Mn 2 + Mg 2 + (Addis,1991), (O = CHCH = CHN HR), ( RN = CHCH = CHN HR) (Chio,1969 ; Chiba,1976) Kawasaki (1992a,b) (Levin, 1990 ; Hayam, 1997),, ( Hayam,1993),,, Hochgraf (1997) 4, ( P < 0. 01), 20 : 4n - 6 ( P < 0. 05), / ( P < 0. 05), : 20 : 4n - 6 / : (1) Hochgraf (1997), 20 : 4n - 6 / ( / ), Hochgraf (1997) ( POV 1300meqO 2/ kg), 2. 42mmol/ kg Ruiz - Gutierrez (1992) (200 ) ; (2) - 6-6, - 6 ( Ruiz - Gutierrez, 1992), 20 : 4n - 6 ; (3) Hochgraf (1997) 18 :2n - 6 ( %) - 6 ; (4) Hochgraf (1997), 20n : 4n - 6 (Butt ris,1988),,,,, 6. 2,,, ( g O 2 - ),, (Vladimirov, 1980),, g O 2 - (Monahan, 1993 ; Macp her2 son,1994),,,,,,,,,, (Wihing,1965 ; Gritz,1994) A ( HM GCOA),,,,

7 3 : 7 (Addis, 1991), (C K) (LDH) ( GO T AST) ( GP T AL T), (Sakaguchi, 1969 ; Kanazawa,1986 ;Murai,1988 ; Rehulka,1990 ;Step han,1993 ; Engberg,1994),, (Oberbach,1989 ; Sakai,1992 ; Step han,1993),,,, 7,, CA T GSH - Px SOD Se - GSH - Px ( Kanazawa,1986 ; Sallman,1988 ; Sakai,1992 ; Engberg, 1994), GSH, GSS G ( Kanazawa,1986), C ( P < 0. 05) ( Hochgraf, 1997),, CuZnSOD GSH - Px ( GR) ( Izaki, 1984 ; Step han, 1988 ; Ashwin, 1991) NAD - NADP - ( Kanazawa,1986),, Wang (1997), 3 GSH, 7,,, E, E, E, GSH - Px (Cowey,1984) E, (Sekiya,1991 ; Engberg,1996),,,Ozimek (1995), Funes (1980),,, Imagawa (1983), NAD H NAD H (Agerbo,1992) (Chio,1969 ;Mat suchita,1970 ;Chiba,1976),,, E, 8,,,, 8. 1, (Addis,1991) ( Hemans,1973), ( Fowler,1969) ( Rehulka,1990) (,1997) (,1997) ( Fowler,1969) ( Rehulka,1990) 8. 2

8 8 12,,, ( Iwaoka, 1975 ; Izaki, 1984 ; Blanc, 1992) ( Gritz, 1994) ( Engberg, 1994) (Smit h, 1979 ; Moccia, 1984 ; Rehulka, 1990) (Murai, 1974) ( Gallet de Saint - Au2 rin,1987) ( Roald,1976) (,1997) (Sakaguchi,1969),,,,,,, (Murai, 1974) (Moccia, 1984 ; Rehulka, 1990) (Moccia,1984), (Moccia, 1984),, (Smit h, 1979),, (Aoe,1972 ;Murai,1974), (Aoe,1972), (Murai,1974), (Smit h,1979 ; Moccia,1984) ( Gallet de Saint - Aurin,1987), ( Izaki,1984), Sakaguchi (1969) 66, 93, 8. 3,,,,,,,, ( Gritz, 1994) ( Hashimoto, 1966 ; Watanabe, 1966, 1970 ; Aoe, 1972) (Cowey,1984) ( Gallet de Saint - Aurin,1987 ; Step han,1993) (Murai, 1974) (Sakaguchi,1969),,,,,, (Watanabe, 1970 ; Murai,1974) 8. 4 (Moccia, 1984 ; Rehulka, 1990) ( Rehulka,1990), ( Engberg,1994),, ( Kanazawa, 1985 ; Addis, 1991) 8. 5, 4 - B 100, (mldl ),mldl, LDL mldl,, mldl, mldl,, (Addis,1991) 8. 6,,, V - 79 C3H - 10T1/ 2, - 2 -,, (Addis, 1991), DNA (Addis, 1991) DNA ( Kang, 1987), Gonzalez (1993),, E, E (Budowski,1979,1980), E (Sallman,1988 ;Lin,1989 ;Oberbach,1989 ;Benedetti,1990 ;

9 3 : 9 Engberg,1994,1996 ; Sheehy,1994 ;Baker,1997b),, 70 % (Liu, 1995), E,, E 9 - T ( Izaki, 1984 ; Sheehy, 1993 ; Liu, 1995) TBARS (, 1997),,, 9. 1 (, 1997) (Murai, 1988) (Smit h, 1979 ; Hung, 1980, 1981 ; Moccia, 1984 ; Oberbach,1989 ; Ruhulka,1990) (Whit more,1965) (Murai, 1974) (Wang,1997) ( Engberg,1994), ( PCV), ( Engberg, 1994), Rehulka (1990) PCV 9. 2 ( Hb), Hb (Moccia, 1984 ; Murai, 1988 ; Oberbach, 1989 ; Rehulka, 1990 ; Engberg, 1994), ( Rehulka, 1990) (VLDL ) (LDL ) ( Eder,1997) (Murai,1988) ( Rehulka,1990), (Watanabe,1967),, C K LDH GP T GO T (Sakaguchi, 1969 ; Kanazawa,1985,1986 ; Murai,1988 ; Rehulka,1990 ; Step han,1993 ; Engberg, 1994), (Sakaguchi, 1969),, C K GP T (Step han,1993) ( Hung, 1980 ; Oberbach, 1989 ; Sakai,1992 ; Engberg,1996), E C 10, Naruszewicz (1987),, 84 % Dibner (1996),, IgA, Lin (1997), B 4, IgM (Murai,1988),, 11 E PU FAs (Baker,1997a) E (Asghar, 1989 ; Monahan, 1993 ; Sheehy, 1993 ; Galvin, 1997), PU FAs,, (Stanley, 1991 ;Baker, 1997a), ( Gray, 1987) ( Faust man, 1989) (Monahan,1992), (Lin,1989),, 4

10 10 12, (Monahan,1994), (Asghar,1989) 12,,,, (8 % 10 %),, ; (15 %), ( Iwaoka,1975) E, E PU FAs (Baker, 1997a ; Baker, 1997b),, ( Hashimoto,1966 ; Watanabe,1966 ; 1967 ; Sakaguchi,1969 ;Aoe,1972 ; Smit h,1979) (Sakaguchi,1969), ( Roald,1976), E 20 (Whit more, 1965), (Murai,1974 ; Smit h,1979 ; Moccia,1984), ( GO T C K) (Smit h,1979 ; Step han,1993) E,,, ( Hashimoto, 196, Watanabe,1967 ;Murai,1974 ;Smit h,1979 ; Hung,1981 ;Lin,1989), E ( Fe 2 + ) TBARS ( P < 0. 05) (Monahan,1993), (Cu 2 + ) LDL ( Eder,1997),,, (Lin, 1989 ;Asghar,1989 ; Sheehy,1993 ;Monahan,1994 ;Baker,1997a ; Galvin,1997) E, - T ( Ingold,1987) Aoe (1972) T T T T, T C, E (Buett ner,1993 ;Bey2 er,1994), EMQ (B H T) (B HA) E, E EMQ ( Hung,1981), PCV (Murai,1974), E, (Moccia,1984), EMQ B HA (Watanabe,1966 ;1967) GSH, GSH - Px, 0. 1 % (Murai,1988) (Se) E, Se GSH - Px H 2O 2 SOD CA T ( Zn) (Cu) (Mn),, SOD,, E,,,,,, [J ].,4(1) :94-96., [ M ]. :. Agerbo P,Jorgensen B M,J ensen B,Borresen T,Holmer G Enzyme inhibition by secondary lipid autoxidation p roduct s f rom fish oil [J ]. Jou rnal of N ut ritional B iochem ist ry,3(10) : Aoe H, Abe I, Saito T, Fukawa H, Koyama H Preventive effect s of tocols on muscular dyst rop hy of young carp [J ]. B ull. J p n. S oc. S ci. Fish,38(8) :

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12 12 12 for rat s[j ]. J N ut r.,103 : Hochgraf E,Mokady S,Cogan U Dietary oxidized linoleic acid modifies lipid composition of rat liver microsomes and increase t heir fluidity[j ]. Jou rnal of N ut rition,127(5) : Hsieh T C Y,Williams S S,Vejap han W, Meyers S Characterization of volatile component s of menhaden fish ( B re - voorti a ty ran n us) oil [J ]. J A O CS,66(1) : Hung S S O,Cho C Y,Slinger S J Effect of oxidized fish oil,d1 - - tocop herol acetate and et hoxyquin Supplemen - tation on t he vitamin E nut rition of rainbow t rout (Salmo gairdner) fed p ractical diet s[j ]. Jou rnal of N ut rition, 111 : Hung S S O,Cho C Y,Slinger S J Measurement of oxidation in fish oil and it s effect on vitamin E nut rition of rain bow t rout ( S al m o gai rd ner) [J ]. Can. J Fish A quat. S ci.,37 : Imagawa T, Kasai S, Mat sui K, Nakamura T Det rimental effect s of met hyl hydropeoxy - epoxy - octadecenoate on mitochondrial respiration :Detoxicantion by rat liver mitochondria [J ]. J B iochem.,94 : Ingold K U, Burton G W,Foster D O,Hughes L,Lindsay D A, Webb A Biokinetics of and discriminantion between dietary RRR - and SRR - - tocop herol in rale rat s[j ]. L i pi ds, 22 :163. Izaki Y, Yoshikawa S,Uchiyama M Effect of ingestion of t hermally oxidized f rying oil on peroxidative criteria in ra - t s[j ]. L i pi ds, 19 : J akobsen K,Engberg R M,Hartfiel W The biological activity of nat ural source tocop herols in chickens fed fat rich in linoleic acid[j ]. A rch A ni m. N ut r.,44 : Kanazawa K,Ashida H,Minamoto S,Natake M The effect of orally administered secondary autoxidation p roduct s of linoleic acid on t he activity of detoxif ying enzymes in t he rat liver [J ]. B iochi m. B iophys. A ct a,879 : Kanazawa K, Gen - ichi Danno,Natake M Some analytical observation of autoxidation p roduct s of linoleic acid and t heir t hiobarbit uric acid reactive substances[j ]. A g ric. B iol. Chem.,47(9) : Kanazawa K, Kanazawa E,Natake M Uptake of secondary autoxidation p roduct s of linoleic acid by t he rat [J ]. L i pi ds, 20 : Kang J H, Bynn H S,Lee Y W, Kimm S B,Park Y H The DNA damage by fish oil peroxidation p roduct s. I. DNA damage by t he peroxidation product s of total lipid f raction ext racted f rom mackerel[j ]. B ull Korean Fish S oc.,20(3) : Koshio S,Ackman R G,Lall S P Effect s of oxidized herring and canola oils in diet s on growt h,survival and flavor of atlantic salmon,salmo salar [J ]. Jou rnal of A g ricult u ral an d Food Chem ist ry,42(5) : Levin G,Cogan U,Levy Y,Mokady S Riboflavin deficiency and t he f unction and fluidity of rat eryt hrocyte membranes [J ]. J N ut r.,120 : Lin B F,Wu Y J,Chiang B L,Lin J F,and Huang C J Effect s of dietary oxidized f rying oil on immune responses of spleen cell in rat s[j ]. N ut rition Research,17(4) : Lin C F,Asghar A, Gray J I,Buckley D J,Booren A M,Crakel R L,Flegal C J Effect s of oxidised dietary oil and au - tioxidant supplementation on broiler growt h and meat stability[j ]. B r. Poult. S ci.,30 : Liu J F,Huang C F Tissue alp ha - tocop herol retention in male rat s is compromised by feeding diet s containing oxi - dized f rying oil[j ]. Jou rnal of N ut rition,125(12) : Machlin L J,Bendich A Free radical tissue damage :p rotective role of antioxidant nut rient s[j ]. FA S EB J,1 : Moccia R D,Hung S S O,Slinger S J,Ferguson H W Effect of oxidized fish oil,vitamin E and et hoxyquin on t he his - topat hology and haematology of rainbow t rout S al m o gai rd neri Richardson[J ]. Jou rnal of Fish Diseases,1 : Monahan F J, Gray J I,Asghar A,Hang A, Shi B, Buckley D J, Morrissey P A Effect of dietary lipid and vitamin E supplementation on f ree radical p roduction and lipid oxidation in porcine muscle miscrosomal f ractions[j ]. Food Chem - ist ry,46 :1-6. Monahan F J, Gray J I,Booren A M,Miller E R,Buckley D J,Morrissey P A, Gomaa E A Influence of dietary t reat - ment on cholesterol oxidation in pork[j ]. J A gric. Food Chem.,40 : Monahan F J,Asghar A, Gray J I,Buckley D J,Morrissey P A Effect s of oxidized dietary lipid and vitamin E on t he colour stability of pork chop s[j ]. Meat S cience,37 : Murai T,Andrews J W Interactions of dietary - tocop herol,oxidized menhaden oil and et hoxyquin on channel cat - fish ( Ict al u rus p u nct at us) [J ]. Jou rnal of N ut rition,104 :

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因味 V 取性又鸟 U 且最大罗海惜梅理春并贵 K a t h l ee n S c h w e r d t n er M f l e z S e b a s t i a n C A Fe rs e T 民伊 ' 国漳尤地视峰州至周期甚主第应国 ' 东极也直前增东道台商才 R od e ric h P t ak 略论时期国与东南亚的窝贸易 * 冯立军已劳痢内容提要国与东南亚的窝贸易始于元代代大规模开展的功效被广为颂扬了国国内市场窝的匮乏窝补虚损代上流社会群体趋之若鹜食窝