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1 No Jinan Journal Philosophy and Social Sciences Sum No. 168 陈喜峰 DF993 A

2 without against higher law constitutionalism network

3 public authority global polity Wolfgang Friedman pub- lic goods common good co - existence co - operation community

4 co - progressive co

5 pouvoir - constituent

7 Bedjaoui Bedjaoui

8 Grundnorm /46

9 Mattias Kumm. The Legitimacy of International Law A Constitutionalist Framework of Analysis J The European Journal of International Law Anne Peters. Global Constitutionalism Revisited J. International Legal Theory Amichai Cohen. Bureaucratic Internalization Domestic Governmental Agencies and the Legitimization of International Law J. Georgetown Journal of International Law J. Tully. The Unfreedom of the Moderns in Comparison to Their Ideals of Constitutional Democracy J. Modern Law Review Bardo Fassbender. UN Security Council Reform and the Right to Veto J. The Hague Kluwer Law International B. Simma. From Bilateralism to Community Interest in International Law J. Recueil des Cours Erika de Wet. The international constitutional order J. International and Comparative Law Quarterly Armin von Bogdandy Philipp Dann and Matthias Goldmann Developing the Publicness of Public International Law Towards a Legal Framework for Global Governance Activities J. German Law Journal A. Watts The International Rule of Law J. German Yearbook of International Law J Anne Peters. The constitutionalist Reconstruction of International law Pros and cons J. NCCR Trade Work- ing Paper Anne Peters. The Merits of Global Constitutionalism J. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Summer Wolfgang Friedmann. The Changing Structure of International Law J. New York Columbia University Press Stanley Hoffman. International Systems and International Law In Klaus Knorr and Sidney Verba eds The In- 1 See Jeffrey L. Dunoff and Joel P. Trachtman. Ruling the World Constitutionalism International Law and Global Governance J. Cambridge University Press Christian Tomuschat. Obligations Arising for States Without or Against Their Will J. Recueil des cours ternational System J. Princeton University Press Christian Tomuschat. International Law as the Constitution of Mankind M International Law on the Eve of the Twenty - first Century Views from the International

10 Law Commssion U. N J. jenseits des Nationalstaats J. DVPW - Kongress Kiel M Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons ICJ 20 Philipp Dann Zaid Al - Ali. The Internationalized Pouvoir Constituant Constitution - Making Under External Influence in Iraq Sudan and East Timor Max Planck Yearbook of UN Law J. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers Leiden James Crawford. The Creation of. States in International Law J. Oxford University Press 2nd edition W. M. M M. of International Law Finn J. E.. Constitutions in crisis. Political violence and the rule of law J. Oxford University Press M Bruno Simma. From Bilateralism to Community Interest in International Law J. Recueil des Cours Mattias Kumm. The Legitimacy of International Law A Constitutionalist Framework of Analysis J. The European Journal of International Law Philip Allot. The Emerging Universal Legal System J. International Law Forum Anne Peters. The Merits of Global Constitutionalism J. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies JH Weiler M Wind Introduction in idem eds. European Constitutionalism beyond the State Cambridge J. Cambridge UP Constitutionalism Issues in the Legal Ordering of the M World Community 2005 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 32 Christoph Humrich Bernhard Zangl. Global Governance Through Legislation Pr sentation im Panel Fragmentierung und Konstitutionalisierung in Recht und Politik Dienstag Reports Detlev F. Vagts. Treaty Interpretation and the New A- merican Ways of Law Reading J. European Journal of International Law Christian Tomuschat International Law. Ensuring the Survival of Mankind on the Eve of a New Century J. Recueil des Cours Reisman. Coercion and Self - Determination Construing Charter Article 2 4 J. American Journal 37 Bardo Fassbender. The Meaning of International Constitutional Law M. in Ronald St. John Macdonald and Douglas M. Johnston eds Towards World Constitutionalism Issues in the Legal Ordering of the World Community 2005 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers Bardo Fassbender. Sovereignty and Constitutionalism in International Law M. in Neil Walker ed. Sovereignty in Transition Oxford J J Jeremy Waldron. The Rule of International Law J. Harvard Jouranl. Law & Public. Policy Macdonald Ronald St. J.. The International Community as a Legal Community in Ronald St. John Macdonald and Douglas M. Johnston eds Towards World

11 Research on Judgment Standard for Patentability of Business Method CHEN Jian School of Civil Commercral and Economiclaws China University of Politrcal Science and Law Beijing China Abstract Commerce method inventions have gradually become the research object of the patent law after 1990s. There are obvious differences in whether the business method is incorporated into the range of patentable object and how to define the judgment standard and principles in all countries and regions around the world. These countries and regions can be categories of two types emphasize practical application or emphasize technical features. In the matter of improving and pefecting judgment standard for patentability of business method of our country the elements to strengthen the technical features in China are proposed and the machine or transformation test method and preempt concept are introduced. It is better recommended to earlier introduce the suggestions for novelty and creative judgment and review principles for improving the function and effect. Key words business methods patent patentability machine or transformation technical features International Law of Constitutionalism the Constitutionalism Turn of Global Governance CHEN Xi-feng Law School Xiamen University Xiamen China Abstract Global constitutionalism have rectified the growing defects of domestic constitutional system due to the globalization but also provided global governance with a legitimate opportunity. The interdependence and interaction between global governance and global constitutionalism have brought about the discussion of the trend of constitutionalization of international law and its constitutionalism theory. The traditional international law lacks the jurisprudence commensurate with the pouvoir-constituent theory and thus can not completely demonstrate the legitimacy of international law. In addition considering modern international law there is an progressive and the synchronic development among international law of coexistence cooperation and constitutionalism and the international law of constitutionalism are the new branches in this threefold structure of international law. The humanization legitimization and democratization of international law and international relation in practice show the constitutionalism turn of international law. Meanwhile the global constitutional process is conditional people first leagal and democratic and has path dependence. The constitutionalism of international law still faces a lot of challenges. Key words Global governance Global constitutionalism International law of constitutionalism Constitutionalization of international law Shanxi Merchant Cao Runtang and the Mongolia Cultivation in the Late Qing Dynasty FU Hai-yan Institute of Chinese Modern History Central China Normal University Wuhan China Abstract The Mongolia Cultivation was the most influential one among all the Cultivation Affairs since the late Qing dynasty. Therefore the proposal of under Cao Runtang Yi Gu established the West Road Cultivation Company. It was just Cao Runtang's proposal on establishing cultivation company that helped Yi Gu quickly to open up the new situation of the Mongolia Cultivation. Moreover in the case of the accusation of cultivation the establishment of the cultivation companies later became an important charge against Yi Gu's dismissal. Based on the purpose of making profits Yi Gu immediately retreated the capital of Shanxi mer-

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