;2 1 : ;3 GRANOVETTER [4] [5] GRANOVETTER 3 GRANOVETTER [8] ; (niches) [6] : 1 2 [4] ( ) ( ) / / 3 GRANOVETTER [4] WHITE [7] 3 :1 1738

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download ";2 1 : ;3 GRANOVETTER [4] [5] GRANOVETTER 3 GRANOVETTER [8] ; (niches) [6] : 1 2 [4] ( ) ( ) / / 3 GRANOVETTER [4] WHITE [7] 3 :1 1738"

楚滢元
5 years ago
Views:

1 ChineseJournalofManagement Vol.8No.12 Dec.2011 ( ) : ( ) : ; ; ; :C93 :A : X(2011) OnIndigenousManagementResearchFromaSocialNetworkPerspective LIZhichao LUOJarder (TsinghuaUniversityBeijingChina) Abstract:Thisarticlereviewstheframeworkofsocialnetworktheorythensuggeststhatthe reasonablegovernancemechanismandsocialstructureistobalancedynamicalybetweendensenet worksandsparseonestructuralholesandclosurecouplinganddecouplingandself organization andhierarchy.basedontheindigenoussocialnetworkviewasthe DiferentialPatern and Situa tion Centered arethetraitsofchinesesocialbehaviorandnetworkweclaimthat circle (quanzi) familiarties (favorexchange)andgovernancemechanismofself organizationisakeytounderstand theessenceofchineseindigenousmanagement.inadditionthisarticletakingthetheoryofharmo ny Managementasanexampleanalyzestheconsistencybetweenthethoughtsofindigenousmanage mentandthesocialnetworktheoryanddemonstratesthatthesocialnetworkanalysiscanprovidesa solidtheoreticalbasisandpowerfulanalyticaltoolsforindigenousmanagementinchina. Keywords:socialnetwork;indigenousmanagementresearch;doctrineofdynamicbalance;circle (quanzi);holisticsystem [1] [3] 20 [2] :

2 ;2 1 : ;3 GRANOVETTER [4] [5] GRANOVETTER 3 GRANOVETTER [8] ; (niches) [6] : 1 2 [4] ( ) ( ) / / 3 GRANOVETTER [4] WHITE [7] 3 :1 1738

3 [17] : 20 1 ; [18] [19] [20] ; 2.1 : :1 [10] ;2 2 3 / ( ) : ( ) ( ) [1112] / [13] ; [14] 1 DIMAGGIO [9] GRANOVETTER [5] [15] ; [16] 1739

4 : ; [21] ( ) [22] [23] ( ) [28] [24] [29] [25] [3031] [26] ( ) [27] 3 : [14] 2.3 : 1740

5 [38] / [39] [32] [33] [40] [34] [35] ( ) ( ) 1 [41] :1 ;2 3 ;3 [42] ; 3 / [36] POWELL [36] WILLIAM ( SON [37] ( ) ); 1 ( ) 1741

6 ; ; ( ) 3 : 3.1 : LI( ) [44] ; [45] [46] KOONTZ [43] 3.2 : [47] [48] / [49] [50] [51] 1742

7 [445253] [52] ; [54] ( ) 3.3 : CHEN( ) [57] 2 [55] [56] / [58] 1743

8 EOL(E= O= L = ) ( ) ( ) [61] ( ) 20 [59] / 1 ( ) [60] ( ) 1 1 ( [6162] ) ( ) 1 ; EOL 1744

9 [1]. [J] (7):154~157. [2]SIMMELG.OnIndividualityandSocialForms[M]. Chicago:UniversityofChicago1908:23. [3]POWELL W WWHITEDRKOPUT K Wetal. NetworkDynamicsandFieldEvolution:TheGrowth [63] ofinter organizationalcolaborationinthelifesci / ence[j].americanjournalofsociology (4):1132~1205. [4]GRANOVETTER M.ATheoreticalAgendaforEco nomicsociology[m]//mauro R CGUILLEN F ENGLANDPetal.TheNew EconomicSociology: DevelopmentinanEmergingField.NY:RusselSage Foundation2002:35~60. [5]GRANOVETTER M.CoaseEncountersand Formal Models:Taking GibbonsSeriously[J].Administra tivesciencequarterly199944(1):158~162. [6]BURT RS.A NoteonSocialCapitaland Network 4 Content[J].SocialNetworks199719(4):355~ 373. [7]WHITE H C.WhereDo MarketsComeFrom [J]. AmericanJournalofSociology198187(3):517~ 547. [8]GRANOETTER MMCGUIREP.TheMakingofan Industry:Electricity in the United States[M ]// ( ) CALLON M.The Laws ofthe MarketOxford: Blackwel1998:147~173. [9]DIMAGGIOPJPOWELL W W.TheIron Cage Revisited:InstitutionalIsomorphism and Colective RationalityinOrganizationalFields[J].AmericanSo ciologicalreview198348(2):147~160. [10]. [J] (6):15~38. [11]SCHAFFERBRIORDAN C.A ReviewofCross culturalmethodologiesfororganizationalresearch: A Best practices Approach[J].OrganizationalRe search Methods20036(2):169~215. [12]XIAOZTSUIA.WhenBrokers MayNotWork: TheCulturalContingencyofSocialCapitalin Chi nese High tech Firms[J].Administrative Science Quarterly200752(1):1~31. [13]. [C]. 1745

10 [14]LUOJAR DER.GuanxiRevisited AnExploratory StudyofFamiliarTiesinaChinese Workplace[J]. Managementand Organizational Review20117 (2):329~351. [15]. : Berkeley: University of California Press1986: [J] (1): ~180. [16]. UncertaintyTrustand CommitmentFormationin [J] (1):111~120 theunitedstatesandjapan[j].americanjournal [17]. [M]//. ofsociology (1):165~194.. : [35]PERROW C.Smal firm Networks[M]//NOHRIA 2008:107~133. NECCLES R G.Networksand Organizations. [18]. [M]. : Boston: Harvard Business School Press1992: 2001:119~ ~470. [19]. [M]. : 1998: 24~30. [20]. L LSTAW B M. Research in Organizational [J]. 2001(2):1~34. Behavior1990:295~336. [21]. : [37]WILLIAMSON OE.The Mechanismsof Govern [M]//. : ance[m].new York:Oxford University Press. : 1993:87~ :93~119. [22]HWANG K K.FaceandFavor:TheChinesePower Game[J].AmericanJournalofSociology (4):944~974. [23]LIN NAN.SocialCapital:ATheoryofSocialStruc tureand Action[M].NY:Cambridge University Press2001:19~98. [24]ROBERT A.The Evolution of Cooperation[M]. New York:BasicBooks1984:31~33. [25]BLAU P.ExchangeandPowerinSocialLife[M]. New York:Wiley1964:88~114. [26]LUOJAR DER.Particularistic Trustand General Trust A Network Analysisin Chinese Organiza tions[j].managementand OrganizationalReview 20051(3):437~458. [27]HSU F.AmericansandChinese:PassagetoDifer ences[m].honolulu:universityofhawaipress 1981:25~78. [28]. [J] (5): 49~57. [29]EISENSTADTSN.TrustandInstitutionalDynam icsinjapan:theconstructionofgeneralizedpartic ularistictrust[j].japanesejournalofpoliticalsci ence20001(1):53~72. [30]. AdministrativeScience Quarterly199742(1): [M]. : 1994: 35~ ~247. [32]. [J] (1): 12~24. [33]WALDER A G. Communist Neo Traditionalism: Work and Authority in Chinese Industry [M ]. [34]YAMAGISHIT KAREN C S MOTOKI W. [36]POWELL W W.Neither Market Nor Hierarchy: NetworkFormsofOrganization[C]//CUMMINGS [38]SCOTT W R. Organizations: Rational Natural andopensystems[m].englewood ClifsN.J.: Prentice Hal1998:22~58. [39]. [J]. : 20085(1):58~70. [40]. [M]. : 1949:39~56. [41]PERROW C.Complex Organization: A Critical Essay[M].NY:McGraw Hil1986:1~48. [42]MINTZBERG H.Leadershipand ManagementDe velopment:anafterword[j].academyofmanage mentexecutive200418(3):140~142. [43]KOONTZ H.The ManagementTheoryJungle Re visited[j].the Academyof ManagementReview 19805(2):175~187. [44]LIPP.TowardaGeocentricFrameworkofOrgani zationalform:a HolisticDynamicandParadoxical Approach[J].OrganizationStudies (5): 829~861. [45]REDDINGSG.Overseas Chinese Networks:Un derstandingtheenigma[j].longrangeplanning (1):61~69. [46]UZZIB.SocialStructureand CompetitioninInter firm Networks:TheParadoxofEmbeddedness[J]. [47]OSBORN R NHAGEDOORNJ.TheInstitutional [31]. [J]. izationandevolutionarydynamicsofinter organiza (1):37~59. tionalaliancesandnetworks[j].academyofman 1746

11 agementjournal199740(2):261~278. [48]PARKS. Managing an Inter organizational Net work:aframeworkoftheinstitutionalmechanism for Network Control[J]. Organization Studies (5):795~824. [49]ILINITCH A YD AVENIR ALEWIN A.New OrganizationalFormsandStrategiesforManagingin Hypercompetitive Environment[J]. Organization Science19967(3):211~220. [50]PODOLNYJM.MarketUncertaintyandtheSocial CharacterofEconomicExchange[J].Administrative ScienceQuarterly (3):458~483. [51]CHEN MJ.Transcending Paradox:The Chinese MiddleWay Perspective[J].AsiaPacificJournal ofmanagement200219(2/3):179~199. [56]HAMELGDOZYLPRAHALADCK.Colab oratewith YourCompetitors And Win[J].Har vardbusinessreview198967(4):133~139. [57]CHEN MJ.ReconceptualizingtheCompetition Co operationrelationship:a TransparadoxPerspective [J].JournalofManagementInquire200817(4): 288~304. [58]. [M]. : 1987:77~94. [59]. [J] (1):23~32. [60]. [J] (7):8~16. [61]. [J] (4):397~405. [52]. : [62]. [J]. [J] (5):633~ (6):141~145. [53]CHEN MJ.Transcending Paradox:The Chinese MiddleWay Perspective[J].AsiaPacificJournal ofmanagement200219(2/3):179~199. [63]. [J] (12):1566~1577. ( ) [54]COWAN D.Rhythms of Learning:Paterns That BridgeIndividualsandOrganizations[J].Journalof Management19944(3):222~246. [55]GOMES CASSERESB.TheAlianceRevolution:The NewShapeofBusinessRivalry[M].CambridgeMA: HarvardUniversityPress1996:70~71. : (1960~) ( ) E mail:jd luo@mails.tsing hua.edu.cn ( 1736 ) [6] P. [J]. 18)[ ].htp://www1.openedu.com.cn/ 1995(7):13~16. [7] R M. : [M].. : [8]ROMERP M.Increasing Returns and Long Run Growth[J].JournalofPoliticalEconomy File post/display/read.php fildid= [16]. : [N/OL].( )[ ].htp:// /t shtml. [17] [J/OL]. (5):1002~1037. [9] PF. [M].. : [10]. [N]..( )[ ].htp:// mer.cn/sci/kjxw html. [18]. [M]. : (7). [11] D C RP. [M].. : [12]. [N] (13). [13] P. : [DB/OL].( : (1933~) 25)[ ].htp://xcqxcyy33.blog.163.com/ blog/static/ /. ( ) [14]. [N] (A26). [15]. [DB/OL].( [19]. [M]. : [20]. [M]. : ( ) ( ) ; 1747

: : ; ( ) ; ; (30-40 ) ( ) 70 % ; ( 1996) ( ) : (1997 ) ( ) ( 1997) 14

1998 4 : ( ) 90 20 % ( ) 2000-3000 1993 1994 30 1995??? ( ) : ; 1996 10 1997 8 40 ; ; 13 : : ; ( ) ; ; (30-40 ) ( ) 70 % ; ( 1996) ( ) : 90 1990 12 1993 (1997 ) 31 1096 227 900 ( 1997 5 29 ) 1500-2000