2001 2,, (Devine & Kiefer, 1991), :, ;,,,,?, 300, 57 % ( Granovetter, 1974),, ( Fernan2 dez & Weinberg, 1997) :,, ( Granovetter, 1973),,,,,,,, (Lin, 1

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1 , 4, 1999,, 3 :,,, 1955,,, ;, 1963, 3,,,, ,?,? 1999, 4,,,, 20 70, ( Granovetter),, 30, (), ( Information Asymmetry), 77

2 2001 2,, (Devine & Kiefer, 1991), :, ;,,,,?, 300, 57 % ( Granovetter, 1974),, ( Fernan2 dez & Weinberg, 1997) :,, ( Granovetter, 1973),,,,,,,, (Lin, 1982),,, ;,,, ( Granovetter ) (),,,,,,,, :,,,,,,? 1988,,, (Bian, 1994, 1997),, :, ;, ;,,, (Bian, 1997 ; Bian & Ang, 1997)? :,,,,,, 78

3 ,,,,,, ( Tao & Zhu, 2000),, (),,,, (, 1996 ;, 1996 ;, 1997 ;, 1997 ;, 1998 ;, 1998 ;, 1999 ;, 1999),,,,?, 4,,, (Nee, 1989), ;, ; ;,, :,, ( ),,, (Bian & Logan, 1996),,,,,,, ( Tao & Zhu, 2000),,,,,, ;, ( ), 80 90, :, ( Parish & Michelson, 1996), (Zhou, 2000), :, ;,,,, ( ),,,,,, 79

4 2001 2,, :,,, :,,,,,, ( ) () 1999 ( ) 6, , () 3 : (a), ; (b), ; (c),,,, influence favor,,,, 3, + ( ), contact, 3 : (1), ( ) / 6 ; (2), 4 ; (3), / / / / 5, 5312 % 2 80, 2195,,

5 (), 466, , ,,,,, ,,,,, (, 1998, ;, 1997, ) 1993, 466, 1317 %, 2316 %, 6217 %, (), 3,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, 1,, 3111 %, 4811, 7618 %,,,,,,,, 3 58 %66 %85 %,, 81

6 2001 2?,,,, 3 11 :, % 7314 % 5812 % 1116 % 4811 % 1215 % 2812 % 6314 % 7618 % 5718 % 6614 % 8419 % % 1315 % 1511 % 1215 % 4917 % 6419 % 4215 % 4916 % 3712 % 2116 % 4215 % 3719 % % 4816 % 3917 % 3719 % 4018 % 2710 % 3917 % 4311 % 1918 % 2413 % 2015 % 1910 % () 1, 358, 1311 %, 4917 %, 3712 % ;, 8619 % 1988, 1519 % (Bian, 1997) 3 ( 13 % ),,,,,,,, () 80, 1996, 311, 890 (, 1997, 119 ) , , , % 1998, , , % (, 1999, 365 ),

7 %, 1918 %, ,,,,,,,,, +,,,,,, +,,,, +, (4311 %),, 2, ( ),, % 917 %, 20 % 6717 %,,, :, % 2010 % 2010 % % 2912 % 2912 % % 2510 % 1215 % Chi2Square = % 5415 % 911 % % 3817 % 1611 % % 3515 % 2910 % Chi2Square = % 6717 % 2216 % % 3313 % 2111 % % 4719 % 1419 % Chi2Square =

8 2001 2,,,?,??? ( )? 3, ( ),,, () 3 ( + ),,, (Multinomial Regression), 3,,, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,, +,,, ( Granovetter, 1973, 1974),, (Walder, 1995),,,,, / +,,,,,,, () 4,, ;,, ; /, 84

9 , 1992, 80,,, : 31 ( Multinomial Regression) (1) (2) (1) (2) (1) (2) / a / / b c ! ! Intercept Pseudo R2Square(Nagelkerke) Log Likelihood Chi2Square D. F ! P < 110, 3 P < 105, 33 P < 101, 333 P < 1001 ( ) a. b. c. : (1), (2) , 8313 %7215 %6011 %, 1617 %2416 %1518 %, 0 %219 %2411 % (, 1999, 88 ) 85

10 N / % 3115 % 1615 % % 2714 % 2216 % / % 1011 % / % 1918 % % 411 % 414 % % 2714 % 2616 % Chi2Square = D. F. = % 7617 % 4418 % % 916 % 1615 % % 1615 % % 2212 % Chi2Square = D. F. = % 1718 % 1313 % % 6116 % 3711 % % 811 % % 1513 % % 1511 % 2612 % Chi2Square = D. F. = 8 4, / /,,, () 5,, 3 :, 3,,, ;, /,,,,,,,,, 86

11 ,,,,,,,,, 3,,,,, +,,,, + 51 ( Multinomial Regression) : (1) (2) (1) (2) (1) (2) / a b c 21163! Intercept Pseudo R2Square(Nagelkerke) Log Likelihood Chi2Square D. F ! P < 110, 3 P < 105, 33 P < 101, 333 P < 1001 ( ) a. b. c. : (1), (2) + (),,,, 87

12 2001 2,,,,,,,,,, (), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,? : :, :, , ( ) 1999 :, , :, , :, , :, , : :, , 31 37,

13 : :, , :, , : :, 1999 :, 1999, :, 1997 :, 1998 Bian, Yanjie. 1994, pp Guanxi and the Allocation of Jobs in Urban China, The China Quarterly, 140, Bian, Yanjie. 1997,Bringing Strong Ties Back In : Indirect Connection, Bridges, and Job Searches in China, A merican Sociological Review, 62, pp Bian, Yanjie, and John Logan. 1996,Market Transition and the Persistence of Power : The Changing Stratifica2 tion System in Urban China, A merican Sociological Review, 61, pp Bian, Yanjie, and Soon Ang. 1997,Guanxi Networks and Job Mobility in China and Singapore, Social Forces, 75, pp Devine, Theresa J., and Nocholas M. Kiefer. 1991, Em pirical L abor Economics : The Search A pproach. New York : Oxford University Press. Fernandez, Roberto M., and Nancy Weinberg. Retail bank, A merican Sociological Review, 62, pp , Sifting and Sorting : Personal Contacts and Hiring in a Granovetter, Mark. 1973, The Strength of Weak Ties, A merican Journal of Sociology, 78, pp Granovetter, Mark. 1974, Getting a Job : sity Press. A S tudy of Contacts and Careers. Cambridge, MA : Harvard Univer2 Granovetter, Mark. 1995,Afterword, In Getting A Job. 2ed edition. Chicago : University of Chicago Press. Lin, Nan. 1982, Social Resources and Instrumental Action, pp in Social S t ructure and Network A nalysis, edited by Peter Marsden and Nan Lin. Beverly Hills, CA : Sage Publications, Inc. Nee, Victor. 1989,A Theory of Market Transition : From Redistribution to Markets in State Socialism, A meri2 can Sociological Review, 54, pp Parish, William L., and Ethan Michelson. 1996,Politics and Markets : Dual, A merican Journal of Sociolo2 gy, 101, pp Tao, Zhigang, and Tian Zhu. 2000,Agency and Self2Enforcing Contacts, Journal of Com parative Economics, 28, pp Walder, Andrew G. 1995,Career Mobility and the Communist Political Order, A merican Sociological Review, 60, pp Zhou, Xueguang. 2000,Economic Transformation and Income Inequality in Urban China : Evidence from Panel date, A merican Journal of Sociology, 105, pp : 89

後共產主義社會階層化機制之探討

後共產主義社會階層化機制之探討 * * [email protected] ( 1999 2) 1949 ( ) ( 1986 264) (dichotomous model) (Max Weber) ( 1994 1994 Hsiao 1993) ( ) ( ) ) (1986 264) 1 1 (Szelenyi 1978 Zhou et 1996) al. (totalitarianism) 2 2 (Doak A Barnett)