: and LocalStaff :TheLogicoftheEmpireandPersonnel ManagementintheChineseBureaucracy LIU Jianjun MA Yanyin Abstract:Theinstitutionalizedstratificationb

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download ": and LocalStaff :TheLogicoftheEmpireandPersonnel ManagementintheChineseBureaucracy LIU Jianjun MA Yanyin Abstract:Theinstitutionalizedstratificationb"

蹒岑
5 years ago
Views:

1 : CJS 36 : : : DOI: /j.cnki /c From Stratificationbetween OfficialsandStafftoThree GroupDivisions:PersonnelManagementStructureChange anditspoliticalimpactinchineselocalgovernance AComplementtoXueguangZhou s Between Officials * 1: (Author1:LIUJianjunSchoolof InternationalRelationsandPublicAffairFudanUniversity ) liujianjun@fudan.edu.cn; 2: (Author2:MA YanyinSchoolofInternational RelationsandPublicAffairFudanUniversity ) 76

2 : and LocalStaff :TheLogicoftheEmpireandPersonnel ManagementintheChineseBureaucracy LIU Jianjun MA Yanyin Abstract:Theinstitutionalizedstratificationbetweenofficialsandstaffinimperial ChinahasitscontinuityandtransformationinmodernChinesestatebureaucracy.One exampleisthe compartmentalization ofthree groupsin Chinese bureaucracy : bureaucratsderivativestaffandemployedstaff.this three-group structureis moreinthesamespirit with stratification between officialsandstaff than stratificationatdifferentlevels thetwo cornerstonesofimperiallocaland grasrootsgovernanceasdiscusedinxueguangzhou sworks.undertheinflexible p ersonnelquota systembureaucratsandderivedstaffareaconstantinthestructure whileemployedstaffisachangeablevariable.thedifferenceamongthreegroups resemblesthe difference between officials and staffin imperial China. The bureaucratsandderivativestaffareelitesorcadressortedthroughthesystem of stratificationatdifferentlevelsandtheyarethekeyplayersinlocalgovernancein today schina.inadditiontoitshistoricalrootthis three-group structureisa resultoftheinteractionbetweenthe visiblehand ofthestateandthe invisible hand ofmarket.peoplewhobelongtothefirsttwogrouparenotonly rational men butalsomendrivenbytheirpoliticalmisionandcommitment.thisexplains thephenomenonof mobileofficials and immobilestaff thusisacomplement bothtozhou s stratificationatdifferentlevels andtotheso-caled tournament model. We hopethisstudy providesanimportanttheoreticalperspectivefor understandingcontemporarychina stransitionandrise. Keywords:stratificationbetwenoficersandstaftripartitecompart-mentalization bureaucraticgroup derivedgroup employedgroup misionpolitics : ; 77

3 : ( 2013) ( Q ianand Weingast1997:83-92) ; ; ( 1942:46-47) - 78

4 : : ( 2006:472) ( 2006:486) ; : ; ( 1994:2) : 79

5 : ; ( ) : ; ; ; 80

6 : (bureaucraticgroup ) (derivedgroup ) ( employedgroup ) 81

7 : ( 2013:83) 1 (1995 ) (2000 ) < < S : [M].. 2. htp :// ypbb.shyp.gov.cn/pages/detail.aspx id=83803&cid=

8 : (2014:3-4) : : ; ( ) : (solidarygroup )( Tsai2007: ) (invisiblegovernment) 83

9 : 3. ( powersdistance ) 84

10 : 4 2: : (elitegroup ) (cadregroup ) 4. ; ; 85

11 (Hague2001:167) 21 ( 2010: 248) : 86

12 : ( ) ( 2009:393) ; : 87

13 ( 2009) :

14 : ( 2009:91-122) 1/3 1/5 1/4 : ; ( 2009: ) (2001: ) 89

15 ( ) : : ( 2006:94-102) 1. : ( ) 90

16 : ( 2003) 2. : ( ) (2009:158) ( 2009:166) ( ) : 91

17 : (accountability ) (mision) ; 20 (coalition) (Burke) 5 (1991:526) : ( :91-92) ; ( 2009) 5. KathleenBawn 2006 : (A TheoryofPoliticalParties)

18 : ( 2008:117) ( 2010:260) 2. : (HagueandHarrop 2001:167) 93

19 : ( ) ( ) 94

20 : 13 8 (Boix2009:503) ( 2006:70) ; 95

21 : ; : 96

22 : (References) [ J ]. (2): [M].. : : [M].. : ( )[M] [M] [M]. : [M]. : [M]. : [M] [M]...[ ]1964. ( )[M].. : ( 2 )[M]. : [M].. : [M] [M]. : [M]. : [M]. : [G]//. : : [M]. : [M]. :. BocockRobert.1978.Freudand Modern Society : Anoutlineandanalysisof Freud s sociology.new York:Holmes& MeierPublishersInc. BoixCarles TheEmergenceofPartiesandPartySystem. InThe Oxford Handbookof ComparativePoliticsEditedby CarlesBoixandSusan C.Stokes.Oxford:Oxford UniversityPres:503 HagueRodand Martin Harrop.2001.Polilitical Science:A ComparativeIntroduction (3 rd 97

23 edition).new York: palgrave. LeeChing Kwan and Shen Yuan The Anti-Solidarity Machine Labor NongovernmentalOrganizationsinChina. InSaroshKuruvilaChingKwanLeeand MaryE.Galagher(eds.).From Iron RiceBowltoInformalization:MarketsWorkers andthestateina Changing China.New YorkNY:CornelUniversityPres: QianYingyiandBarryR.Weingast Federalism asacommitmenttopreserving MarketIncentives. JournalofEconomicPerspectives (11): TsaiLilyL Solidary GroupsInformalAccountability andlocalpublicgoods ProvisioninRuralChina. American PoliticalScienceReview101(2): : 98

犪狀犱狅犳犲狉犺犻犵犺狆狅狑犲狉犲犱犪狀犱犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犻犪狋犲犱犻狀犮犲狀狋犻狏犲狊狋狅狊狌犫犮狅狀狋狉犪犮狋狅狉狊. 犎狅狑犲狏犲狉, 犻狋犮犪狀犪犾

犪狀犱狅犳犲狉犺犻犵犺狆狅狑犲狉犲犱犪狀犱犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犻犪狋犲犱犻狀犮犲狀狋犻狏犲狊狋狅狊狌犫犮狅狀狋狉犪犮狋狅狉狊. 犎狅狑犲狏犲狉, 犻狋犮犪狀犪犾兼论官吏分途与层级分流现象社会 2016 1 CJS 第 36 卷周黎安摘要 : 本文重新梳理了行政发包制理论中行政与发包的关系, 将政治晋升机制正式引入行政发包关系, 定义了行政内部发包与行政外部发包的组织边界在此基础上, 本文重