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1 CJS 35 Prejudice:ItsGenerationandReduction:Reviewof The NatureofPrejudice GAO Minghua (Fiske2005) 50 : (Dovidioetal.2005) * : (Author:GAO MinghuaTheSchoolofLawHarbin UniversityofCommerce) [email protected] ** 2014 ( 14ASH014) [Thispaper wassupportedbythestate Key Program of NationalSocial SciencesofChina(No.14ASH014)andalsosupportedbytheDoctoralProgram ResearchFund ofharbinuniversityofcommerce.] 206

2 (Gordon WilardAlport ) : (1937) ( 1947) (1950) : (1950) : (1955) (Alport1954b) ( ) (1968) (1985) ( ) ( 2000) 207

3 ( ) / ; ( 2000) ( ) / F. 1 : ( ) / (clasification) 2 1.F F. ( )

4 / ( ) : ; ( J ostandhamilton2005) ( ) (socialcategorization) (Dovidioetal.2005) (normal prejudgment) (Alport1954a:20) (least-effortprinciple) (Alport1954a:21) (YzerbytandCorneile2005: ) 209

5 (terrormanagementtheory TMT) ( ) ( ) (Alport1954a: 191) (rationalizing ) ( justifying ) (Alport1954a:39) ( J ostandbanaji1994) : 210

6 (asocial) / (self-categorization) ( ) (ethnocentrism) ( 2011:91-93)

7 ; (Fiske 2005) ; ( / ) : / (crutch) : ; ( ) ( ) ( p roject) (Alport1954a:200) (scapegoating ) ( ) (Alport 212

8 1954a:243) ( ) ( 2010) ( ) (Alport1954a:68) (Alport 1954a:73) : ( p rejudicedpersonality ) (tolerantpersonality ) (egoweaknes) (Brown1995:31-37) ; 213

9 ;1942 (social dominancetheory SDT)( 2011) ( ) : : ( ) ( ) 4: (institutionalizedreligion) (interiorizedreligion) (Alport ) (extrinsicreligion) (intrinsicreligion)

10 1967 (Alport1967) ( ) ; ( ) ( ) (Alport1954a:421) ( J acksonandhunsberger 1999) ( ) / ; ( 2009:2) ( ) 215

11 : ( ) ( ) ( ) (Alport1954a:177) : / / 216

12 (Alport1954a:437) ( ) ( ) ( ) (Alport 1954a:445) (contacthypothesis) 1. (Brewer andbrown1998) (Dovidioetal.2003) 217

13 : (Alport1954a:264) : ( ) : ( ) ( ) (Binderet al.2009) (institutionalsupport) (Petigrewetal.2006) (Dixonetal.2005) (Petigrew1998) 218

14 : (majoritygroup ) ( minoritygroup ) (Binderetal.2009) ; 2. : ; ( ) / (1) (Brewerand Miler1984) 219

15 ( p redisposition) (2) (HewstoneandBrown1986) ( ) (3) (GaertnerandDovidio2000) ( ) (us) (them) (we) (Alport1954a:35) : (Alport1954a:43) (secondarytransfereffectste)(tauschetal.2010) (actualcontact) ( ) 220

16 (Crisp andturner2009) (extendedcontact) (Wrightetal.1997) (imaginedcontact) (mentalsimulation) (Turneretal.2007) : ( ) ;5 / (Turnerand West2012) 5. ( ) : 5 **** ( ) /

17 (Crispand Turner 2009) (Dovidioetal.2005) : (Alport1954a:9) ( ) : (Sears2005) ( ) 222

18 ( ) (implicitprejudice) (explicit prejudice) ( ) ( p riming ) (implicitasociationtestiat)( Q uilian2006;fazio andolson2003) ( ) (antipathy ) / 223

19 ( p rejudice) ( p rejudices) (Fiskeetal.2002; b) ( ) 6 (BIASmap ) 7 : ( ) 8 ( ) ; ( ) 6. ( ) ) 7.BIASmap BIAS BehaviorsfromIntergroupAffectandStereotypes 8. ( / ) ( ) ( ) 224

20 (outgroupfavoritism)(duckit2003) ( ) ( ) ; ( ) (Alport 1954:xvi) : ( 2011) ( 2013a) ( ); ( ) ( ); ( ) ( ); ( ) 225

21 ( 2001) ( 1993) (References) [ J ]. (4): : [ J ]. (6): [G]//. : (SCM) [ J ]. 30(5): a. [ J ]. (4): b. (BIASmap ) [ G]// :.. : : [M].. : [M]. : [ J ]. (2): [ J ]. (3): AlportGordon W.1954a.The NatureofPrejudice.CambridgeMA:PerseusBooks. AlportGordon W.1954b. TheHistoricalBackgroundof ModernSocialPsychology. InThe Handbookof SocialPsychology ( 1 st edition.)edited by Gardner Lindzey. CambridgeMA:Addison-Wesley : AlportGordon W Prejudice:IsItSocietalorPersonal PastoralPsychology (May ): AlportGordon W The ReligiousContextofPrejudice. PastoralPsychology (May ): Binder Jens HannaZagefkaandRupertBrown DoesContactReducePrejudice ordoesprejudicereducecontact JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology96 (4): BrewerMarilynn B.and Norman Miler Beyondthe Contact Hypothesis: TheoreticalPerspectiveon Desegregation. In Groupsin Contact:ThePsychologyof 226

22 Desegregationeditedby N.Milerand M.B.Brewer.OrlandoF.L.:Academic Pres: BrewerMarilynnB.andRupertBrown IntergroupRelations. In Handbookof SocialPsychology Vol.2 (4thedition)editedbyD.T.GilbertS.FiskeandG. Lindsey.New York:McGraw-Hil: BrownRupert.1995.Prejudice:ItsSocialPsychology.John Wiley&Sons. Crisp RichardJ.andRhiannon N.Turner CanImaginedInteractionsProduce PositivePerceptions American Psychologists64 (4): Dixon John KevinDurrheimandColinTredoux BeyondtheOptimalContact Strategy : ARealityCheckfortheContactHypothesis. American Psychologist60(7): Dovidio John PeterGlickandLaurieA.Rudman Introduction:Reflectionon The NatureofPrejudice:Fifty YearsafterAlport. In On The NatureofPrejudice: Fifty YearsafterAlporteditedbyJ.F.DovidioP.GlickandL.A.Rudman. BlackwelPublishing : Dovidio John SamuelGaertnerandKeryKawakami IntergroupContact:ThePast PresentandtheFuture. GroupProcesesandIntergroup Relations6:5-20. Duckit John PrejudiceandIntergroupHostility. InOxford HandbookofPolitical Psychology editedby D.O.SearsL.Hunddy andr.jerris.oxford University Pres: FazioRuselH.and MichaelA.Olson Implicit MeasuresinSocialCognition Research:TheirMeaningandUse. AnnualReview Psychology54: FiskeSusanT SocialCognitionandtheNormalityofPrejudgment. InOn The NatureofPrejudice:Fifty YearsafterAlporteditedbyJ.F.DovidioP.Glickand L.A.Rudman.BlackwelPublishing : FiskeSusanAmyCuddy PeterGlickandXuJun A Modelof(often Mixed) StereotypeContent:Competenceand Warmth RespectivelyFolow from Perceived StatusandCompetition. JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology82 (6): GaertnerSamuelL.andJohnF.Dovidio.2000.ReducingIntergroup Bias:TheCommon IngroupIdentity Model.Taylor&FrancisGroup : PsychologyPres. HewstoneMilesandRupertBrown.1986.Contactand ConflictinIntergroup Encounters. Oxford:Blackwel. JacksonLynneM.andBruceHunsberger AnIntergroupPerspectiveonReligion andprejudice. JournalfortheScientificStudyof Religion38(4): Jost JohnT.andDavidL.Hamilton Stereotypesin OurCulture. In On The NatureofPrejudice:Fifty YearsafterAlporteditedbyJ.F.DovidioP.Glickand L.A.Rudman.BlackwelPublishing : Jost John T.and Mahzarin R.Banaji The RoleofStereotypingin System- Justificationandthe Production offalse Consciousnes. BritishJournalof Social Psychology33:1-27. Tausch Nicole Miles Hewstoneand Jared B. Kenworthy Secondary Transfer Effect of Intergroup Contact: Alternative Accounts and Underlying Proceses. JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology99 : TurnerRhiannon N. Richard J. Crisp and Emily Lambert Imagining IntergroupContactCanImproveIntergroupAtitudes. GroupProcesesandIntergoup Relations10: TurnerRhiannon N.and Keon West BehaviouralConsequencesofImagining IntergroupContactwithStigmatizedOutgoups. GroupProcesesandIntergoup Relations 227

23 (2): PetigrewThomasF IntergroupContactTheory. AnnualReviewofPsychology 49: PetigrewThomasandLindaTropp A Meta-AnalyticTestofIntergroupContact Theory. JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology90 (5): QuilianLincoln New Approachesto Understanding Racial Prejudice and Discrimination. AnnualReview Sociology32: SearsDavid InnerConflictinthePoliticalPsychologyofRacism. In On The NatureofPrejudice:Fifty YearsafterAlporteditedbyJ.F.DovidioP.Glickand L.A.Rudman.BlackwelPublishing : WrightStephenC.ArthurAronTracy McLaughlin-VolpeandStacyA.Ropp The Extended Contact Effect: Knowledge of Cros-Group Friendship and Prejudice. JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology73 : YzerbytVincentand OlivierCorneile CognitiveProces:Reality Constraints andintegrityconcernsinsocialperception. In On The NatureofPrejudice:Fifty YearsafterAlporteditedbyJ.F.DovidioP.GlickandL.A.Rudman.Blackwel Publishing : : 228

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劳工宿舍的另一种可能 : 作为现代文明教化空间的民国模范劳工宿舍犮狅狀犮犲狆狋狅犳犱狅狉犿犻狋狅狉狔犾犪犫狅狉狉犲犵犻犿犲狋狅犱犲狊犮狉犻犫犲犪狀犻犿狆狅劳工宿舍的另一种可能 : 作为现代文明教化空间的民国模范劳工宿舍社会 2016 2 CJS 第 36 卷杨可摘要 : 通过对民国时期劳工宿舍建设的制度环境和实践进行梳理, 本文发现, 追求建设现代国家和改良社会风俗的政府大力倡导劳工宿