responsibilitysystemintheinstitutionalcontextofthetwo-trackregime.inthe aspectofgovernancetheyfusediferent mechanismsoftheinstitutional knowled

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1 CJS 33 渠敬东 : ; ; : PosesionOperationand GovernanceasThreeConceptual DimensionsofTownandTownship Enterprises:AnAtempt BacktoClasicalSocialSciences QU Jingdong Abstract:Throughthereview oftherepresentativesociologicalstudieson ownershipoftownandtownshipenterprisesthisarticleatemptstousethree classicaltheoreticalconcepts of possessionoperationand governance to analyzetheformativeandtheoperationalmechanismsoftownandtownship enterprises.in the aspect of possessionthese enterprises compromise diferentelementsofpubliccommonandprivateownerships.intheaspectof operationtheyutilizelandcontractsenterprisecontractsandthefinancial * : E- (Author:QU JingdongInstituteforSocialDevelopmentCASS;SociologyDivisionE-InstituteofShanghai University) qujingdong@yahoo.com.cn 1

2 responsibilitysystemintheinstitutionalcontextofthetwo-trackregime.inthe aspectofgovernancetheyfusediferent mechanismsoftheinstitutional knowledgeandmoresdimensionstogetherandfreethetraditionalfamilial kinshiplinkageandcustomaryresourcesforreform andcreativityinthe practice.askeypositionofsocialprocessofmultipleelementsandmoments townandtownshipenterprisesnotonlyprovideopportunitiesforinstitutional innovationsbutalso embodytheinstitutionalspiritofreform period which combinestraditionregimeandnew marketmechanismandprovidesanenriched processofsocialdevelopment.thisframeworkreturningontheclassicalsocial theorieswilbeconductivetoreflectionontheotherphenomenonoforganizational andinstitutionalchangeinsocialandeconomicalreform. Keywords:townandtownshipenterprisesownershippossessionoperation governance (governance) (embeddedness) (Polanyi : 75) (1992:34 48) ; (1999) 2

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29 : ( ) (References) [G]//. : : [M].. : [G]//... : : ( 3 )[M]. : [M].. : [J]. (1): : [G]// ( ) ( )[J]. 3(4) [G]// ( ). : : [G]//. : : [G]//. : : : [J]. (1):

30 [M] [M]. : [M]. : [J]. (10): : [G]// ( ). : : [J]. (4) [G]//. : ( ).. : : [D] [J]. ( )(1): : [D] [J]. (2): : [M] (4): : [G]// ( 5 ).. N [G]//.. : : ( )[M].. : [M].. : [G]// ( 7 ). : [M].. : : [J]. (5): : 30 [J]. (6): P [G]//.. : : : [G]//.. : : : ( ) [M]. : : [M].. : [M] : [M]. :..2005a. [M].. :..2005b. [M].. : [G]//.. : :

31 : ( ) [M]. : : [J]. (8): : [M] ( ). : [J]. (5): : ( )[M] : [M] : [J]. (4): [J]. (3): a. : [M]. :..2006b. : [J]. (6): [J]. (3): [M]. : : [M]. : : [M] : [J]. (2): : [J]. (10): : [J]. (9)..2006a. : [M] b. : H [J]. (5): ByrdWiliam A.and Lin Qingson.1990.China s RuralIndustry:Structure Developmentand Reform.London:OxfordUniversityPress. DuaraPrasenjit.1988.CulturePowerandtheState:RuralNorth China StanfordCA:StanfordUniversityPress. FoucaultMichel.1980.Power/Knowledge:SelectedInterviewsand Other Writings Brighton:TheHarvesterPress. LinNan LocalMarketSocialism:LocalCorporationinActioninRuralChina. Theoryand Society24(3): LiuAlan The Wenzhou Model ofdevelopmentandchina smodernization. Asian Survey32(8): NaughtonBarry ChineseInstitutionalInnovationandPrivatizationfrom Below. The American Economic Review 84(2): NeeVictorandShijinSu InstitutionsSocialTiesandCommitmentinChina s Corporalist Transformation in John McMilan and Barry Naughton (eds.) Reforming Asian Socialism :The Growthof MarketInstitutions.Ann Arbor: UniversityofMichiganPress. OiJeanC.1989.Stateand Peasantin Contemporary China.Berkeley:Universityof CaliforniaPress. 31

32 OiJean C Fiscal Reform and the Economic Foundations of Local State CorporatisminChina.World Politics45(1): OiJeanC TheRoleoftheLocalStateinChina'sTransitionalEconomy. The China Quarterly144: OiJeanC.1999.RuralChina Takesoff :InstitutionalFoundationsofEconomic Reform.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress. PolanyiKarl.1957.The GreatTransformation.Boston:BeaconPress. PolanyiKarl TheEconomyasInstitutedProcess intradeand Marketinthe Early Empires:Economicsin Historyand TheoryeditedbyKarlPolanyiConrad AresbergandHarryPearson.Chicago:HenryRegneryCompany. QianYingyiandBarryR.Weingast Federalism AsaCommitmenttoPreserving MarketIncentives. JournalofEconomicPerspectives11(4): QianYingyiandGérardRoland Federalism andthesoftbudgetconstraint. American Economic Review 88(5): : 32

WTO GDP 9.4% GDP 8.1% , , % 15.7% ( 1999) (GATT)

WTO GDP 9.4% GDP 8.1% , , % 15.7% ( 1999) (GATT) WTO 1 WTO (1) (2) (3) WTO (4) WTO (5) WTO (6) WTO WTO 1 yangihsun@yahoo.com.tw 1 WTO 1979 1979 2003 GDP 9.4% GDP 8.1% 2003 8512.1 4,383.7 4,128.4 1978 97.5 108.9 25 16.4% 15.7% 2003 2 20 1 2 3 4 5 ( 1999)