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1 34 5 Vol. 34, No ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA Sep., DOI: /SP.J ,2 赵红月薛 3 敏韩冬 1 1,4 解绶启 (1.,, ; 2., ; 3., ; 4. E-, ) :,, 10 5 mol/l (46.5±9.3) g, mol/l, g/l 2 10, mol/l, mol/l 10 5 mol/l 10 4 mol/l 10 4 mol/l, 10-5 mol/l , 10 4 mol/l 10 5 mol/l 10 5 mol/l, mol/l 10 4 mol/l 10-5 mol/l mol/l, 2 9min, mol/l : ; ; ; 中图分类号 : S 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2010) ,, ph CO 2, [1 3] [1 4],, [4], [5],,,,,, [6], [5,6] [7],, 收稿日期 : ; 修订日期 : 基金项目 : ( ); (2006BAD03B03); (2006AA203A01) 作者简介 : (1979 ),, ; ; ; zhaohongyue1005@sina.com 通讯作者 :, sqxie@ihb.ac.cn

2 5 : , (46.5±9.3) g (0.1 m 3 / ), (9:00 10:00 15:00 16:00)( 1), (10 L/min), ph 7.8±0.1, 12D:12L, 表 1 暂养期间料配方 Tab. 1 Formulation and proximate composition of the diet during acclimatization Ingredient (% ) Content (% wet matter) White fish meal (USA) 50 Soybean meal (solvent extracted) 10 Vitamin premix Mineral premix 2 5 Choline chloride 0.11 Fish oil 4 Soybean oil 4 Carboxymethyl cellulose 1 Cornstarch (%) Chemical composition (% dry matter) Dry matter Crude protein Crude lipid Ash Gross energy (kj/g) : 1. (/ ) Vitamin premix (/kg diet): A vitamin A, 5500 I.U.; D3 vitamin D3, 1000 I.U.; E vitamin E, 50 I.U.; K vitamin K, 10 I.U.; choline, 550 mg; niacin, 100 mg; riboflavin, 20 mg; B6 pyridoxine, 20 mg; thiamin, 20 mg; D D-calacium pantothenate, 50 mg; biotin, 0.1 mg; foliacin, 5 mg; B12 vitamin B12, 20 μg; ascorbic acid, 100 mg; C vitamin C, 100 mg; inositol, 100 mg; 2. (/ )Mineral premix (/kg diet): NaCl, mg; MgSO 4 H 2 O, mg; NaH 2 PO 4.2H 2 O, mg; KH 2 PO 4, mg; CaHPO 4 H 2 O, mg; C 6 H 10 CaO 6 5H 2 O, mg; FeSO 4, mg; ZnSO 4 H 2 O, mg; MnSO 4 H 2 O, 61.4 mg; CuSO 4 5H 2 O, 15.5 mg; CoSO 4, 0.5 mg; KI, 1.5 mg; starch, mg 8:00 20:00 5 mg/ L, (NH4 + -N) 0.1 mg/l 1.2 (Squid extract, 2), (Asp ) (Arg) (His) (Lys)( ), (Ala) (Met), ( L ) (60 cm 40 cm 50 cm),, 6, ( 1), 2, 50 g 2 g 10 3d,, 2d 7:30 8:30 16:00 17:00,,, [1] (10 5 mol/l) : 10 g, [1] 10 ml, 10 ml ( mol/l), 8 cm 8 cm,,,, 9min, mol/l( g/l), 4 10 ml mol/l

3 Ingredient 表 2 鱿鱼提取物合成混合物成分表 Tab. 2 The composition of synthetic mixture of Squid extract (Mackie, 1973) Content (g) Ingredient Content (g) Asp Taurine Thr Phe Ser Gly Glu Ala 0.39 Val Arg Met Betaine Ile Trimethylamine hydrochloride 0.13 Leu Hypoxanthine Trp Inosine Phe AMP Lys Lactic acid 0.13 His mol/l (Relative biting rate) : RV= (Nt Nc) 100/ (Nt+Nc); Nt ; Nc, Duncan s (Statistica 6.0) 2 1 Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of behavioral test equipment,,,, 2h,, (10h), 6 1.4,,,, 2 9min (Relative bites) : RN= Nt/ Ns; Nt ; Ns ( ) ( ) () 8 ( 3 8 2) 3 7,, (P<0.05) ( 3 7) 10 5 mol/l 10 4 mol/l, 10 5 mol/l ( 4 5), 5 (P>0.05)( 3 7), ( 3 7) 10 4 mol/l 10 3 mol/l, (P<0.05)( 6 7) 10 2 mol/l,

4 5 : 959, (P<0.05)( 7), (P<0.05)( 3 7), ( 3 7) 10 5 mol/l 10 4 mol/l ( 4 5) Minute Ala 表 mol/l 各刺激物不同时间范围内的相对啄咬次数 Tab. 3 Relative bites of gibel carp to stimuli at 10 6 mol/l (Mean±SE, n=6) Met Arg His Lys Asp Betaine Lactic acid ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.06 a 0.87±0.35 a 2.47±1.82 ab 1.22±0.16 ab 0.37±0.16 a 3.60±1.95 b 1.30±1.07 ab 1.60±0.46 ab ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.08 ab 0.92±0.38 a 2.27±1.71 ab 1.12±0.14 ab 0.35±0.16 a 3.63±2.08 b 1.25±0.44 ab 1.65±0.45 ab ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.05 a 0.59±0.23 a 2.03±1.57 ab 1.02±0.09 ab 0.66±0.27 a 3.29±1.48 b 1.11±0.37 ab 1.49±0.28 ab ±0.06 a 0.64±0.22 a 1.37±0.93 ab 1.07±0.08 a 0.43±0.17 a 3.22±1.38 b 0.93±0.39 a 1.40±0.26 ab Average 0.54±0.06 a 0.75±0.30 a 2.23±1.67 ab 1.11±0.13 a 0.40±0.17 a 3.40±1.76 b 1.55±0.86 ab 1.50±0.37 ab : (P<0.05); Note: Different superscripts mean significant difference in different stimulus (P<0.05); the same bellow Minute Ala 表 mol/l 各刺激物不同时间范围内的相对啄咬次数 Tab. 4 Relative bites of gibel carp to stimuli at 10 5 mol/l (Mean±SE, n=6) Met Arg His Lys Asp Betaine Lactic acid ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± a 0.61±0.16 a 1.72±0.97 ab 1.10±0.09 ab 1.16±0.26 a 5.22±2.81 b 3.00±2.18 ab 2.31±0.72 ab ab 0.66±0.16 a 1.76±1.06 ab 1.07±0.09 ab 1.20±0.28 ab 4.71±2.52 b 2.00±1.15 ab 2.28±0.59 ab a 0.72±0.17 a 1.95±1.26 ab 1.08±0.08 a 1.12±0.15 a 4.36±2.22 b 1.34±0.59 a 2.19±0.58 ab a 0.74±0.16 a 1.92±1.30 ab 1.04±0.08 a 1.29±0.24 a 4.26±2.00 b 1.16±0.48 a 2.08±0.55 ab a 0.75±0.16 a 1.54±0.98 a 1.03±0.10 a 1.40±0.23 a 4.37±2.03 b 1.15±0.48 a 1.97±0.42 ab a 0.81±0.20 a 1.11±0.57 a 1.07±0.07 a 1.23±0.17 a 4.07±1.62 b 1.08±0.41 a 1.89±0.37 a Average 1.00 a 0.68±0.17 a 1.69±0.97 a 1.11±0.10 a 1.22±0.21 a 4.86±2.44 b 3.26±2.50 ab 2.06±0.53 ab Minute Ala 表 mol/l 各刺激物不同时间范围内的相对啄咬次数 Tab. 5 Relative bites of gibel carp to stimuli at 10 4 mol/l (Mean±SE, n=6) Met Arg His Lys Asp Betaine Lactic acid ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.43 ab 0.72±0.11 a 4.59±2.92 b 1.33±0.32 ab 1.11±0.23 ab 5.97±3.21 b 2.17±0.81 ab 1.62±0.35 ab ±0.41 ab 0.47±0.12 a 4.89±3.34 b 1.19±0.23 a 1.14±0.29 a 5.21±2.68 b 1.68±0.45 ab 1.66±0.33 a ±0.41 ab 0.59±0.08 a 5.43±3.86 b 1.25±0.22 ab 1.05±0.23 ab 4.70±2.21 b 1.16±0.17 ab 1.59±0.27 ab ±0.39 ab 0.63±0.07 a 5.45±3.94 b 1.11±0.18 ab 1.28±0.36 ab 4.31±1.88 b 1.08±0.17 ab 1.55±0.27 ab ±0.32 a 0.69±0.10 a 4.38±2.96 b 1.12±0.17 ab 1.29±0.33 ab 4.29±1.91 b 1.05±0.16 a 1.51±0.26 a ±0.31 a 0.66±0.08 a 3.02±1.60 a 1.07±0.16 a 1.31±0.35 a 4.00±1.49 b 1.01±0.14 a 1.48±0.29 a Average 1.43±0.36 ab 0.63±0.10 a 4.60±2.94 bc 1.30±0.23 a 1.18±0.29 a 5.15±2.56 c 2.02±0.86 ab 1.53±0.29 ab

5 Minute Ala 表 mol/l 各刺激物不同时间范围内的相对啄咬次数 Tab. 6 Relative bites of gibel carp to stimuli at 10 3 mol/l (Mean±SE, n=6) Met Arg His Lys Asp Betaine Lactic acid ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.88 ab 1.11±0.10 a 3.93±2.28 b 1.42±0.40 ab 1.48±0.25 ab 3.39±0.77 ab 1.28±0.45 ab 1.20±0.40 a ±0.72 ab 1.26±0.17 a 4.20±2.54 b 1.38±0.33 a 1.45±0.27 a 3.21±0.49 ab 0.97±0.23 a 1.09±0.37 a ±0.68 ab 1.24±0.13 a 4.28±2.76 b 1.30±0.28 a 1.55±0.24 ab 3.17±0.40 ab 0.86±0.18 a 1.06±0.37 a ±0.61 abc 1.32±0.14 abc 3.54±2.08 c 1.24±0.26 abc 1.92±0.57 abc 3.23±0.42 bc 0.85±0.20 a 1.04±.39 ab ±0.58 abc 1.45±0.17 ab 2.51±1.09b c 1.25±0.25 ab 1.55±0.25 ab 3.28±0.37 c 0.81±0.17 a 1.07±0.41 a Average 2.16±0.81 ab 1.18±0.15 a 3.58±1.96 b 1.56±0.54 a 1.61±0.35 a 3.56±0.86 b 1.55±0.73 a 1.09±0.37 a Minute Ala 表 mol/l 各刺激物不同时间范围内的相对啄咬次数 Tab. 7 Relative bites of gibel carp to stimuli at 10 2 mol/l (Mean±SE, n=6) Met Arg His Lys Asp Betaine Lactic acid ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.58 ab 0.92±0.23 ab 1.22±0.51 ab 1.28±0.14 ab 1.33±0.29 ab 2.13±0.37 b 1.31±0.53 ab 1.08±0.37 ab ±0.54 ab 1.01±0.21 ab 1.12±0.45 ab 1.27±0.12 ab 1.45±0.29 ab 2.26±0.42 b 1.09±0.40 a 1.02±0.32 a ±0.44 ab 1.09±0.21 a 0.90±0.27 ab 1.24±0.11 a 1.75±0.45 abc 2.35±0.44 b 1.04±0.38 a 1.00±0.27 a ±0.39 bc 1.16±0.21 ab 0.71±0.10 a 1.25±0.11 ab 1.18±0.20 ab 2.34±0.40 c 1.04±0.37 ab 1.02±0.25 Average 1.95±0.56 bc 0.81±0.24 a 1.15±0.42 ab 1.49±0.33 abc 1.50±0.40 abc 2.24±0.50 c 1.35±0.68 abc 1.08±0.38 ab mol/l (P>0.05) 10 6 mol/l, (P<0.05) 10 5 mol/l, 10 4 mol/l 10 3 mol/l (P<0.05) 10 3 mol/l 10 2 mol/l, 10 6 mol/l 10 5 mol/l (P<0.05) 8, mol/l, 10 5 mol/l 10 4 mol/l mol/l mol/l (P<0.05) 10 4 g/l Squid extract 10 3 mol/l 10 3 mol/l 10 2 mol/l 10 6 mol/l 10 4 mol/l 10 3 mol/l (P<0.05) 10 5 mol/l mol/l 10 6 mol/l (P<0.05) 3 [8 10],,, [11],,

6 5 : 961,,,, [1,2,9,11], (Anoplopoma fimbria) [12] ( 0.13 mol/l), (Solea solea) 10 5 mol/l [13] 10 5 mol/l (Monopterus albus),,, 10% 20% [14], 0.1% 0.5% 1.0% 0.5% [15], ( mol/l),,, [7],, [16 19], (Cyprinus carpio) (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) (Ictalurus punctatus) (Arius felis) [20 23] (Salmo salar)(salmo truttal), [24] 鲀 (Fugu rubripes), [25] (Centropomus undecimalis) 10 2 mol/l, [26],,, Fig. 2 2 Average relative bites of gibel carp to single stimulus at various concentrations (Mean±SE, n=6) (P<0.05) Different labels mean significant difference in different concentrations (P<0.05)

7 Tab. 8 Stimulus Ala Arg Asp Betaine Squid extract Synthetic mixture (g/l) His Lactic acid Lys Met 表 8 异育银鲫对不同浓度单体刺激物的相对啄咬率 Relative biting rate of gibel carp to single stimulus at different concentrations (Mean±SE, n=6) Concentration (mol/l) Nc Nt RV ± ±10.0 ns 0.5±9.3 bcdefghij ± ±15.3* 46.8±16.4 hijk ± ±23.1 ns 8.8±15.8 abcdefgh ± ±16.5 ns 9.3±4.0 cdefghijk ± ±12.2 ns 10.2±7.1 cdefghijk ± ±11.4 ns 4.5±14.0 abcdefghij ± ±4.8 ns 3.8±9.1 bcdefghij ± ±13.5* 23.8±4.2 efghijk ± ±22.7 ns 4.0±9.3 abcdefghij ± ±20.6 ns 7.1±17.5 abcdefgh ± ±33.9* 35.8±20.4 ghijk ± ±43.0* 46.9±26.3 hijk ± ±34.9* 54.3±24.8 jk ± ±37.7 ns 5.5±4.2 abcdefgh ± ±30.9 ns 9.4±20.8 abcdefgh ± ±21.6 ns 1.5±28.1 bcdefghij ± ±14.4 ns 3.5±28.5 abcdefghij ± ±15.1 ns 16.0±21.9 defghijk ± ±16.8 ns 13.5±18.3 abcdefgh ± ±16.6 ns 10.3±22.3 abcdefgh ± ±23.7 ns 7.5±18.41 abcdefgh ± ±30.6 ns 3.16±24.24 abcdefghij ± ±17.9* 19.2±25.09 abcdefg ± ±22.9 ns 11.9±28.25 efghijk ± ±30.0 ns 2.7±16.47 abcdefghij ± ±27.5 ns 2.3±14.61 abcdefghij ± ±20.7 ns 15.2±12.05 defghijk ± ±21.1 ns 8.9±13.32 cdefghijk ± ±19.6* 17.8±10.50 abcdefg ± ±21.0 ns 8.2±18.61 abcdefgh ± ±21.6 ns 8.8±6.1 abcdefgh ± ±14.4 ns 11.4±4.5 abcdefgh ± ±15.1 ns 5.3±4.3 abcdefgh ± ±16.8* 32.8±13.8 abcd ± ±16.6 * 67.3±17.3 a ± ±26.5* 57.5±13.3 jk ± ±32.0 ns 20.1±37.0 defghijk ± ±31.1 ns 17.9±38.0 abcdefg ± ±15.6* 25.6±9.7 efghijk ± ±22.8* 28.8±10.2 efghijk ± ±17.7* 40.8±36.8 abc ± ±3.3 ns 20.1±44.8 abcdefg ± ±8.0* 33.9±4.9 abcd ± ±21.7* 31.1±17.2 abcd ± ±37.6 ns 21.5±62.9 abcdefg : ; ns Nt Nc ; * Nt Nc (P<0.05) Note: Different superscripts mean significant difference in different stimulus; ns mean no significant difference in Nt and Nc; * mean significant difference in Nt and Nc (P<0.05)

8 5 : 963 [7] 10 3 mol/l 10 2 mol/l, [7],, [22] [23] (Seriola quinqueradiata) [27] 10 3 mol/l 10 2 mol/l, [7], ph, [1] [28,29] (Clarias gariepinus), (Lagodon rhomboides) [30,31], 10% [32],, 3,, [33],,, 10 5 mol/l 10 4 mol/l : [1] Zhou H Q, Johnsen P B. The effects of ph on chemoreception in fishes [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 1988, 12(2): [,. ph., 1988, 12(2): ] [2] Kitada Y, Hara T J. Effect of diluted natural water and altered ionic environments on gustatory responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [J]. Journal of Experimental Biology, 1994, 186: [3] Kofuji Morimoto P Y, Hosokawa H, et al. Effects of dietary supplementation with feeding stimulants on yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata(temminck & Schlegel; Carangidae) protein digestion at low water temperatures [J]. Aquaculture Research, 2006, 37: [4] Xue M, Xie S Q, Cui Y B, et al. Advances in studies on fish feeding stimulants [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2003, 27(6): [,,,.., 2003, 27(6): ] [5] Carr W E S, Netherton III J C, Gleeson R A, et al. Stimulants of feeding behavior in fish: analyses of tissues of diverse marine organisms [J]. Biology Bulletin, 1996, 190: [6] Wu Y J, Bao H J, Wu W S, et al. Feeding attraction activities of amino acids for crucian carp and loach [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 1993, 17(4): [,,,..,1993, 17(4): ] [7] Zhao H Y. Studies on feeding stimulants for gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) [D]. Thesis for Doctor of Science. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan [..,,. 2007] [8] Valente L M P, Saglio P, Cunha L M, et al. Feeding behaviour of fast- and slow-growing stains of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) during first feeding [J]. Aquaculture Research, 2001, 32: [9] Laberge F, Hara T J. Behavioral and electrophysiological responses ro F-prostaglandins, putative spawning pheromones in three salmonid fishes [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2003, 62: [10] Hara T J. Feeding behavior in some teleosts is triggered by single amino acids primarily through olfaction [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2006, 68: [11] Xie S Q, Zhang L, Wang D. Effects of several organic acids on the feeding behavior of Tilapia nilotica [J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2003, 19: [12] Løkkeborg S, Olla B A, Pearson W H, et al. Behavioural responses of sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, to bait odour [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 1995, 46: [13] Mackie A M, Mitchell A I. Further studies on the chemical control of feeding behaviour in the dove sole, solea solea [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 1982, 73A: [14] Yang D Q, Yan A S, Chen F. Preliminary studies on feeding attraction activities of several amino acid and aroma matter for Monopterus albus [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2002,

9 (2): [,,.., 2002, 26(2): ] [15] Xue M, Cui Y B. Effect of several feeding stimulants on diet preference by juvenile gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio, fed diets with or without partial replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal [J]. Aquaculture, 2001, 198: [16] Goh Y, Tamura T. The electrical responses of the olfactory tract to amino acids in carp [J]. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 1978, 44 (3): [17] Hara T J, Madconald S. Olfactory responses to skin mucous substances in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri [J]. Comparative of Biochemistry and Physiology, 1976, 54A: [18] Hara T J. Effects of ph on the olfactory responses to amino acids in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and physiology, 1976, 54A: [19] Caprio J. Similarity of olfactory receptor responses (EOG) of freshwater and marine catfish to amino acids [J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 1980, 58: [20] Hamdani E H, Kasumyan A, Doving K B. Is feeding behaviour in crucian carp mediated by the lateral olfactory tract [J]? Chemical Senses, 2001, 26: [21] Nikonov A A, Caprio J. Electrophysiological evidence for a chemotopy of biologically relevant odors in the olfactory bulb of the channel catfish [J]. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2001, 86: [22] Kang J S, Caprio J. In vivo responses of single olfactory receptor neurons of channel catfish to binary mixtures of amino acids [J]. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1997, 77: 1 8 [23] Valentinčič T, Metelko J, Ota D, et al. Olfactory discrimination of amino acid in black bullhead catfish [J]. Chemical Senses, 2000, 25: [24] Mearns K J. Sensitivity of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fry to amino acids at the start of exogenous feeding [J]. Aquaculture, 1986, 55: [25] Chang Q, Yu H, Liang M Q, et al. Feeding attraction of several feeding promoting materials for Fugu rubripes [J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University, 2001, 16: 8 11 [,,,. 鲀., 2001, 16: 8 11] [26] Bórquez A, Cerqueira V R. Feeding behavior in juvenile snook, Centropomus undecimalis I. Individual effect of some chemical substances [J]. Aquaculture, 1998, 169: [27] Kohbara J, Hidaka I, Morishita T, et al. Gustatory and olfactory sensitivity to extracts of jack mackerel muscle in young yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata [J]. Aquaculture, 2000, 181: [28] Papatryphon E, Soares Jr J H. Optimizing the levels of feeding stimulants for use in high-fish meal and plant feedstuff-based diets for striped bass, Morone saxatilis [J]. Aquaculture, 2001, 202: [29] Long T C, Huang Y M. Gustation and taste organ in the barbel of the African catfish [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1994, 18(4): [,.., 1994, 18(4): ] [30] Carr W E S, Gondeck A R, Delanoy R L. Chemical stimulation of feeding behavior in the pinfish Lagodon rhomboids: A new approach to an old problem [J]. Comparative Biochemistry Physiology, 1976, 54A: [31] Carr W E S, Chaney T B. Chemical stimulation of feeding behavior in the pinfish, Lagodon rhomboids: Characterization and identification of stimulatory substances extracted from shrimp [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 1976, 54A: [32] Mackie A M, Adron J W. Identification of inosine and inosine 5 -monophosphate as the gustatory feeding stimulants for the turbot Scophthalmus muximus [J]. Comparative Biochemistry Physiology, 1978, 60A: [33] Wu Y J. A preliminary study on feeding attraction activities of amino acids and the extracts from several kinds of animal products and Chinese medicinal herbs for carp and crucian carp [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 1996, 20(1): [.., 1996, 20(1): 58 60]

10 5 : 965 EFFECTS OF SEVERAL STIMULI ON FEEDING BEHAVIORS OF GIBEL CARP, CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO ZHAO Hong-Yue 1,2, XUE Min 3, HAN Dong 1 and XIE Shou-Qi 1,4 (1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan ; 2. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing ; 3. Lab of Fish Feed and Nutrition, Feed Research Institute, CAAS, Beijing ; 4. Aquaculture Divisions, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai ) Abstract: The two-ball method was adopted in a feeding trial, one test ball and the other control ball, to investigate the effects of several stimuli on feeding behaviors of gibel carp. Relative biting rates (compared with the control ball) were used to evaluate stimulative or suppressive effect of stimuli on feeding behavior of gibel carp, relative bites (compared with the bites of test ball of 10 5 mol/l alanine) to determine differences of effects of various chemical stimuli. Initial body weight of fish was (46.5±9.3) g. L-aspartic acid, L-methionine, L-lysine, L-arginine, L-alanine, L-histine, betaine and lactic acid at the concentrations of mol/l were tested for feeding stimuli in gibel carp, as well as g/l squid extracts. All responses of feeding behaviors were recorded from the second to the tenth minute after the experiment starting. The results showed that most of stimuli used in this study had no significant effects on feeding behavioral responses of gibel carp. Aspartic acid at the concentrations from 10 6 mol/l to 10 4 mol/l had significant feeding stimulation in gibel carp, but weak repellent effects to feeding at concentrations of mol/l mol/l aspartic acid was the potential feeding stimulant of gibel carp, which average relative bites had 5.15 times of the 10 5 mol/l alanine. Another potential feeding stimulant was 10 4 mol/l arginine, which the average relative bites were 4.6 times of 10 5 mol/l alanine. There were significant dose-response relationships between the effects and the concentrations of arginine, betaine and lactic acid in gibel carp, and the highest relative bites of feeding behaviors in each stimulus were observed at the concentration of 10 4 mol/l, 10 5 mol/l and 10 5 mol/l, respectively. No significant difference was found in feeding responses of the other stimuli at the various concentrations. Based on the results of relative biting rates, most stimuli had no significant effects in stimulating feeding responses of gibel carp. Methionine and lactic acid were feeding repellents of gibel carp at the concentrations of mol/l mol/l arginine, 10 5 mol/l alanine, 10 6 mol/l lysine, 10 3 mol/l lysine and 10 2 mol/l lysine had significantly stimulative effects on feeding behaviors of gibel carp. Except betaine and aspartic acid, most responses of stimuli were steadily in 2 9 minutes. Gibel carp adapted rapidly to the stimulating of betaine and aspartic acid at different concentrations, especially at mol/l. Key words: Feeding stimulant; Amino acid; Feeding behavior; Gibel carp

32期

32期中国农学通报 2014,30(32):38-42 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 中草药饲料添加剂对黄鳝性激素含量的影响 1,2 1,2 1,2 2 赵庆凯, 丁炜东, 邴旭文, 王建新 ( 1 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081; 2 中国水产