(825) () 土木工程的定義 1828 (The Institution of Civil Engineers ICE) Thomas Tredgold (1788 ~ 1829) (Civil Engineering) (Charter) (Pannell, J.P.M., 1964) The art of directing the Great Sources of Power in Nature for the use and convenience of man ICE (1828) ICE (Engineering) (Mayne & Margolis, 1982) 1 852 (American Society of Civil EngineersASCE) The art of the practical application of scientific and empirical knowledge to the design, production or accomplishment of various parts of construction projects, machines and material of use or value to man. (Mayne & Margolis, 1982) ASCE (1852) ICE ASCE 1828 1978 (ICE) 150 (Westminster Abbey) the Great Sources 15 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
of Power for the use and convenience of man man Carpenter 150 ICE the use and convenience of man the protection of all life on this planet and the peaceful survival of the human race ICE 文明的定義 (Civilization) Samuel Huntington (1996) (1990) () (Homo Sapiens)10 人類文明誕生前夕的分道揚鑣 (Lapland) (Sámi) 12 (Vikings) (Lapland 1) 25,000 17,000 4,0002,000 ( 3) ( 2 ) () (4) 人類與野獸分道揚鑣 1 (Sami) (Lapland) 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 16
2 (Sami) () 3 (Lapland) Sami () () (technology) 灌溉 (Irrigation) 工程 () (5) (68) (9) ( 10) 1600 3,000 4 () 17 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
5 8 6 1600 9 7 10 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 18
(1930 ) (1112 ) 3 (13) 築城 ( 防衛 ) (Civil Engineering in Defense) ( 14 15) ( 1617) (18) 2005.08.23 2005.08.30 (Hurricane Katrina) 32 8 ( 11 12 13 (1930 ~) () 19 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
14 () () 15 () () 16 (221BC-206BC) 94 10 ) (19) (20) 2122 17 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 20
18 19 (Thames Barrier) 20 21 22 21 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
路 (Roads,Transportation System) (Silk Road) 23 24 自來水 污水下水道工程 (Water Supply and Sewerage) 15% 營造人造環境的美學品質 (Building aesthetic quality of the manmade environment) (25) (26) (27) 23 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 22
24 25 26 A 27 (Praha) 23 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
工程作為文明的證據 () (UNESCO) (Culture Heritage) (28) 5000 ( 29) ( 30) ( 31) 366 28 () 29 () 30 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 24
31 366 32 (Cusco112km) () 33 25 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
34 (Incas) (32) ( Cuzco 112km ) ( 16 17) 建築作為不同文明的表徵 (33) ( 34) ( 35) 35 () 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 26
37 () 36 () 38 40 39 ( 36) ( 37) ( 38) ( 39) ( 40) (41) 41 27 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
42 () 43 44 ( 42 ) ( 43) ( 44) 921 ( 45 ) ( 46) ( 47) 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 28
45 () 文明的工程與不文明的工程 46 () (48) 47 28A 29 土木水利 第三十三卷第一期
誌謝 94 12 9 48 結論 (Technology) 100% ( ) 94 10 (1,300cms) 2 3 ( ) 13 () 14 15 () 28 () 29 () 32 ( ) 參考文獻 1. 328 (94 10) 2. (2001) 3. Huntington, Samuel P., The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, Simon & Schuster (1996). 4. Mayne, Roger, Margolis, Stephen, Introduction to Engineering, McGraw-Hill, N.Y. (1982). 5. Pannell, J.P.M., An Illustrated History of Civil Engineering, Thames and Hudson, London (1964). 6. The Institution of Civil Engineers (1978), A series of addresses to the General Assembly of The Institution of Civil Engineers, commemorating the 150th anniversary of the Royal charter of the Institution granted on 3 June 1828. 土木水利第三十三卷第一期 28B 30