2014 4 174 2014 7 Comparative Economic & Social Systems No. 4 2014 Jul. 2014 D630 A 1003-3947 2014 04-0141-14 Shleifer & Vishny 1993 Rothstein 2011 1 2 1 1 2012 11 17 http / /news. xinhuanet. com /18cpcnc /2012-11 /17 / c_113711665. htm 2 2013 01 22 http / /news. xinhuanet. com / politics /2013-01 /22 / c_114461056. htm
142 2014 4 Wedeman 2012 Manion 2004 1 2001 ~ 2013 1 Treisman 2007 2013 2012 Bertot et al. 2010 Park & Blenkinsopp 2011 FOIA Peisakhin & Pinto 2010 1 0 ~ 10 2012 10 2001 91 2013 177 http / /cpi. transparency. org /research /cpi /overview
143 Treisman 2007 1 Ramirez 2012 2 3 4 Zhou & Tao 2009 Dong & Torgler 2013 Shleifer & Vishny 1993 Roberts 2006 Boehm & Olaya 2006 Bac 2001
144 2014 4 Prat 2005 Kolstad & Wiig 2009 Islam 2006 Williams 2009 FOIA FOIA Relly 2012 FOIA Relly 2011 FOIA FOIA Costa 2014 FOIA Escaleras et al. 2010 1986 ~ 2009 Cordis & Warren 2012
145 1 2006 120 World Bank 2006 120 4 116 2005 2008 2008 2005 2012 Ko & Samajdar 2010 100 Hopkin & Rodriguez - Pose 2007 World Bank 2006 Ko & Weng 2011 5
146 2014 4 % % 5 0 1 Z 1 Grimmelikhuijsen & Welch 2012 2005 2005 Cuillier & Piotrowski 2009 0 1 2005 3 2005 12 11 1 5 Eigenvalue 2. 24 44. 7% 5 r = 0. 9893 p < 0. 01
147 5 GDP GDP 0 1 0 ~ 1 GDP GDP 0 1 2013 4 15 27 3 2 1
148 2014 4 1 120 4. 940 1. 398 1. 1 120 60. 535 21. 386 8. 1 120 1. 125 0. 452 0. 3 120 12. 284 5. 917 2. 9 120 7. 217 4. 720 0 120 1. 08E - 08 0. 658-1. 420 118 0. 494 0. 166 0. 1 GDP 120 20 826. 080 13 699. 810 4189 GDP 120 13. 914 2. 870 8. 1 120 0. 298 0. 151 0. 092 120 0. 368 0. 131 0. 205 120 0. 091 0. 029 0. 046 120 0. 088 0. 132 0 120 562. 081 347. 963 89. 6 120 0. 033 0. 180 0 120 0. 125 0. 332 0 120 0. 217 0. 414 0 120 0. 483 0. 502 0 120 0. 208 0. 408 0 2 5 5 4 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 2 0. 254 *** 1 3 0. 551 *** 0. 086 1 4 0. 439 *** 0. 202 ** 0. 421 *** 1 5 0. 153 * 0. 123 0. 322 *** 0. 361 *** 1 6 0. 728 *** 0. 506 *** 0. 723 *** 0. 736 *** 0. 596 *** 1 7-0. 323 *** 0. 003-0. 137-0. 299 *** - 0. 184 ** - 0. 285 *** *** p < 0. 01 ** p < 0. 05 * p < 0. 1 2
149 2 OLS VIF 5. 00 2. 07 5 R 2 0. 22 F 0. 01 3 3 OLS - 1. 719** 0. 708 0. 898** GDP 0. 416 GDP - 0. 0576 0. 0369-1. 377 0. 888-0. 228 1. 539 22. 07*** 4. 924-3. 640*** 1. 125 0. 308 0. 377-0. 869 1. 054-0. 904** 0. 420-12. 52 13. 32 12. 67 * 6. 991 1. 385 * 0. 790 6. 032 18. 56-10. 04 26. 95 177. 0 114. 0-20. 01 19. 59 7. 968 4. 831-6. 092 17. 81-0. 877 10. 09-0. 170 0. 256-0. 194 0. 167-0. 00743 0. 0163 0. 0529 0. 365 0. 207 0. 540 1. 003 2. 087-0. 586 * 0. 340-0. 210 * 0. 120 0. 371 0. 318 0. 0786 0. 172-4. 391 3. 162 1. 111 1. 969-0. 220 0. 149 2. 009 4. 372-5. 254 5. 602 37. 45 28. 19-8. 265 * 4. 245 0. 874 1. 409-5. 749 3. 661-2. 285 1. 467-3. 080 2. 802-3. 484 ** 1. 668 0. 224 0. 147 3. 510 3. 073-4. 682 5. 016-62. 86 *** 20. 34 1. 794 3. 447-0. 722 0. 969 6. 426 ** 2. 701 1. 207 1. 436-0. 717 ** 0. 339 0. 0509 0. 214 0. 00351 0. 0167 0. 0995 0. 417-0. 411 0. 673 3. 861 2. 897-1. 171 ** 0. 551 0. 0245 0. 144 0. 0610 0. 468-0. 129 0. 211
150 2014 4 3 0. 817** 0. 412-0. 145 0. 316 0. 525* 0. 310-5. 329 5. 772 2. 377 7. 016 1. 563 5. 342 15. 10 ** 6. 116-141. 9 89. 07 0. 356 ** 0. 139-0. 0516 0. 121-0. 115 0. 126 4. 328 ** 2. 105 0. 748 1. 452-2. 631 ** 1. 251 1. 562 1. 739 1. 189 24. 55 1. 658 1. 275-2. 266 * 1. 360-2. 114 1. 292 51. 12 *** 18. 84 0. 392 ** 0. 185-0. 214 0. 164 0. 129 0. 175-0. 461 2. 587 R 2 0. 474 0. 227 0. 251 0. 354 0. 234 0. 389 F 7. 98 *** 2. 81 *** 4. 11 *** 5. 21 *** 3. 27 *** 7. 82 *** N = 118 5 0. 05 β = - 1. 719 p < 0. 05 4 0. 05 β = - 0. 717 p < 0. 05 Guo 2008 4 OLS Tobit OLS 2006
151 5 3 2013 2008 1 3 2014 2013 81 2012 1 0 ~ 1
152 2014 4 FOIA Relly 2012 2009 120
153 109 2008 2008 2008 2007 2012 2012 9 142 146 2013 2013 2 104 2014 2013 No. 3 2012 2012 5 110 114 2012 81 2012 23 22 27 2013 2013 6 28 38 2005 2005 2013 2013 Bac M. 2001. Corruption Connections and Transparency Does a Better Screen Imply a Better Scene Public Choice. 107 1-2 87-96. Bertot J. C. P. T. Jaeger and J. M. Grimes 2010. Using Icts to Create a Culture of Transparency E - Government and Social Media as Openness and Anti - Corruption Tools for Societies. Government Information Quarterly. 27 3 264-71. Boehm F. and J. Olaya 2006. Corruption in Public Contracting Auctions The Role of Transparency in Bidding Processes. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics. 77 4 431-52. Cordis A. S. and P. L. Warren 2012. Sunshine as Disinfectant The Effect of State Freedom of Information Act Laws on Public Corruption. Unpublished Manuscript. Costa S. 2014. Do Freedom of Information Laws Decrease Corruption Journal of Law Economics and Organization. 29 6. Cuillier D. and S. J. Piotrowski 2009. Internet Information - Seeking and Its Relation to Support for Access to Government Records. Government Information Quarterly. 26 3 441-49. Dong B. and B. Torgler. 2013. Causes of Corruption Evidence from China. China Economic Review. 26 1 152-69. Escaleras M. S. Lin and C. Register 2010. Freedom of Information Acts and Public Sector Corruption. Public Choice. 145 3-4 435-60. Grimmelikhuijsen S. G. and E. W. Welch 2012. Developing and Testing a Theoretical Framework for Computer - Mediated Transparency of Local Governments. Public Administration Review. 72 4 562-71.
154 2014 4 Guo Y. 2008 How Does Economic Transition Breed Corruption China Economic Journal. 1 2 227-36. Hopkin J. and A. Rodriguez - Pose 2007. Grabbing Hand or Helping Hand Corruption and the Economic Role of the State. Governance - an International Journal of Policy and Administration. 20 2 187-208. Islam R. 2006 Does More Transparency Go Along with Better Governance Economics & Politics. 18 2 121-67. Ko K. and A. Samajdar 2010. Evaluation of International Corruption Indexes Should We Believe Them or Not The Social Science Journal. 47 3 508-40. Ko K. and C. Weng 2011. Critical Review of Conceptual Definitions of Chinese Corruption A Formal Legal Perspective. Journal of Contemporary China. 20 70 359-78. Kolstad I. and A. Wiig 2009. Is Transparency the Key to Reducing Corruption in Resource - Rich Countries World Development. 37 3 521-32. Manion M. 2004. Corruption by Design Building Clean Government in Mainland China and Hong Kong. Cambridge MA Harvard University Press. Park H. and J. Blenkinsopp 2011. The Roles of Transparency and Trust in the Relationship between Corruption and Citizen Satisfaction. International Review of Administrative Sciences. 77 2 254-274. Peisakhin L. and P. Pinto 2010. Is Transparency an Effective Anti - Corruption Strategy Evidence from a Field Experiment in India. Regulation & Governance. 4 3 261-80. Prat A. 2005. The Wrong Kind of Transparency. The American Economic Review. 95 3 862-77. Ramirez C. D. 2012. Is Corruption in China out of Control A Comparison with the U. S. In Historical Perspective. In GMU Working Paper in Economics No. 12-60 Available at SSRN http / /ssrn. com /abstract = 2185166. Relly J. E. 2011. Corruption Secrecy and Access - to - Information Legislation in Africa A Cross - National Study of Political Institutions. in S. Maret ed. Government Secrecy. Bingley Emerald. Information Disclosure Accountability and Government Honesty An Empirical Study of Chinese Cities Ma Liang Nanyang Technological University Singapore Abstract Using data on Chinese cities the paper empirically examines the relationship between government information disclosure GID and anti - corruption efforts. It finds that GID is negatively associated with government corruption but it is only significant for some corruption indicators suggesting the anti - corruption effect of GID is weak. Governments only disclose superficial peripheral and selective information leaving plenty of undisclosed information in core areas and this constrains the anti - corruption effect of GID to a large extent. The paper discusses the implications and contributions of the study and presents future research avenues. Key words Government Information Disclosure Transparency Corruption Accountability Honesty